Sustainable energy technologies,particularly fuel cells,are gaining attraction for their potential to reduce carbon emissions and provide efficient power.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been central to...Sustainable energy technologies,particularly fuel cells,are gaining attraction for their potential to reduce carbon emissions and provide efficient power.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been central to this development.However,one persistent issue with lowtemperature PEMFCs is the dehydration of Nafion ionomer at elevated temperatures,which severely limits proton conductivity.Wang et al.tackle this by introducing a covalent organic framework(COF)interwoven with Nafion,addressing the challenge of maintaining proton conductivity and oxygen transport in medium temperatures(100–120℃).展开更多
To overcome the limitations of microscale experimental techniques and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations,a coarse-grained molecular dynamics(CGMD)method was used to simulate the wetting processes of clay aggregates.Bas...To overcome the limitations of microscale experimental techniques and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations,a coarse-grained molecular dynamics(CGMD)method was used to simulate the wetting processes of clay aggregates.Based on the evolution of swelling stress,final dry density,water distribution,and clay arrangements under different target water contents and dry densities,a relationship between the swelling behaviors and microstructures was established.The simulated results showed that when the clay-water well depth was 300 kcal/mol,the basal spacing from CGMD was consistent with the X-ray diffraction(XRD)data.The effect of initial dry density on swelling stress was more pronounced than that of water content.The anisotropic swelling characteristics of the aggregates are related to the proportion of horizontally oriented clay mineral layers.The swelling stress was found to depend on the distribution of tactoids at the microscopic level.At lower initial dry density,the distribution of tactoids was mainly controlled by water distribution.With increase in the bound water content,the basal spacing expanded,and the swelling stresses increased.Free water dominated at higher water contents,and the particles were easily rotated,leading to a decrease in the number of large tactoids.At higher dry densities,the distances between the clay mineral layers decreased,and the movement was limited.When bound water enters the interlayers,there is a significant increase in interparticle repulsive forces,resulting in a greater number of small-sized tactoids.Eventually,a well-defined logarithmic relationship was observed between the swelling stress and the total number of tactoids.These findings contribute to a better understanding of coupled macro-micro swelling behaviors of montmorillonite-based materials,filling a study gap in clay-water interactions on a micro scale.展开更多
Small interfering RNAs(siRNA)provide a novel and highly specific therapy due to their ability to effectively silence target genes,to date six siRNA therapeutics are approved for clinical use.Even so,some critical chal...Small interfering RNAs(siRNA)provide a novel and highly specific therapy due to their ability to effectively silence target genes,to date six siRNA therapeutics are approved for clinical use.Even so,some critical challenges remain to overcome in the therapeutic application of siRNAs,with delivery issues at the forefront.Among them,endo/lysosomal barrier is one of the important but often-neglected limitations hindering the delivery of siRNA therapeutics.In this review,we summarize the promising strategies that facilitate siRNAs overcoming endo/lysosomal barriers based on the cellular uptake and intracellular transport pathways,including promoting escape once endocytosis into the endo/lysosomes and bypassing lysosomes via endosome-Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum(ER)pathway or nonendocytosis pathway,and discuss the principal considerations and the future directions of promoting endo/lysosomal escape in the development of therapeutic siRNAs.展开更多
Small interfering RNA(siRNA),a promising revolutionary therapy,faces delivery obstacles due to its poor targeting,strong charge negativity and macromolecular nature.Clinical-approved siRNAs can now only be delivered t...Small interfering RNA(siRNA),a promising revolutionary therapy,faces delivery obstacles due to its poor targeting,strong charge negativity and macromolecular nature.Clinical-approved siRNAs can now only be delivered to the liver mediated by the chemically conjugated N-acetylgalactosamine(GalNAc)ligand,the conjugate can be effectively uptaken into cells through interaction with asialoglycoprotein receptor(ASGPR)highly expressed on liver hepatocytes.To further explore an efficient non-hepatic targeted delivery strategy,in this study,we designed a delivery system that chemically conjugated p53 siRNA to renal tubular cell-targeting peptides for targeting the kidney,which was suitable for industrial transformation.Results showed that peptide-siRNA conjugate could specifically enter renal tubular epithelial cells and silence target genes.In cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury(AKI)mice,peptide-siRNA conjugate blocked the p53-mediated apoptotic pathway and alleviated renal damage.The innovative proposed system to conjugate kidney-targeting peptides with siRNA achieved the efficient kidney-targeted delivery of si RNA and provided a prospective choice for treating AKI.展开更多
The mainstream silver recovery has problems such as resource waste,weak silver selectivity,and complicated operation.Here,self-propelled magnetic enhanced capture hydrogel(magnetic NbFeB/MXene/GO,MNMGH)was prepared by...The mainstream silver recovery has problems such as resource waste,weak silver selectivity,and complicated operation.Here,self-propelled magnetic enhanced capture hydrogel(magnetic NbFeB/MXene/GO,MNMGH)was prepared by self-crosslinking encapsulation method.MNMGH achieved high selectivity(K_(d)=23.31 mL/g)in the acidic range,and exhibited ultrahigh silver recovery capacity(1604.8 mg/g),which greatly improved by 66%with the assistance of in-situ magnetic field.The recovered silver crystals could be directly physically exfoliated,without acid/base additions.The selective sieving effect of adsorption,MNMGH preferentially adsorbed Ag(I),and then selectively reduced to Ag(0),realizing dual-selective recovery.The in-situ magnetic field enhanced selective adsorption by enhancing mass transfer,reactivity of oxygen-containing functional groups.Furthermore,density function theory simulations demonstrated that the in-situ magnetic field could lower the silver reduction reaction energy barrier to enhance the selective reduction.Three-drive synergy system(reduction drive,adsorption drive and magnetic drive)achieved ultrahigh silver recovery performance.This study pioneered an in-situ magnetic field assisted enhancement strategy for dual-selective(adsorption/reduction)recovery of precious metal silver,which provided new idea for low-carbon recovery of noble metal from industrial waste liquids.展开更多
Due to their biological interpretability,memristors are widely used to simulate synapses between artificial neural networks.As a type of neural network whose dynamic behavior can be explained,the coupling of resonant ...Due to their biological interpretability,memristors are widely used to simulate synapses between artificial neural networks.As a type of neural network whose dynamic behavior can be explained,the coupling of resonant tunneling diode-based cellular neural networks(RTD-CNNs)with memristors has rarely been reported in the literature.Therefore,this paper designs a coupled RTD-CNN model with memristors(RTD-MCNN),investigating and analyzing the dynamic behavior of the RTD-MCNN.Based on this model,a simple encryption scheme for the protection of digital images in police forensic applications is proposed.The results show that the RTD-MCNN can have two positive Lyapunov exponents,and its output is influenced by the initial values,exhibiting multistability.Furthermore,a set of amplitudes in its output sequence is affected by the internal parameters of the memristor,leading to nonlinear variations.Undoubtedly,the rich dynamic behaviors described above make the RTD-MCNN highly suitable for the design of chaos-based encryption schemes in the field of privacy protection.Encryption tests and security analyses validate the effectiveness of this scheme.展开更多
Mitochondria provides adenosine triphosphate for multiple vital movements to ensure tumor cell proliferation.Compared to the broadly used method of inducing DNA replication arrest to kill cancer,inducing mitochondria ...Mitochondria provides adenosine triphosphate for multiple vital movements to ensure tumor cell proliferation.Compared to the broadly used method of inducing DNA replication arrest to kill cancer,inducing mitochondria damage to cause energy shortage is quite promising as it can inhibit tumor cell bioactivities,increase intracellular accumulation of toxic drugs,eventually sensitize chemotherapy and even reverse drug resistance.Breaking the balance of glutathione(GSH)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)contents have been proven efficient in destroying mitochondria respectively.Herein,apigenin,a GSH efflux reagent,and 2-deoxy-5-fluorouridine 5-monophosphate sodium salt(FdUMP)that could induce toxic ROS were co-delivered by constructed lipid nanoparticles,noted as Lip@AF.An immune-checkpoint inhibition reagent CD276 antibody was modified onto the surface of Lip@AF with high reaction specificity(noted asαCD276-Lip@AF)to enhance the recognition of immune cells to tumor.Results showed that the redox balancewas destroyed,leading to severe injury to mitochondria and cell membrane.Furthermore,synergistic DNA/RNA replication inhibition caused by inhibiting the function of thymidylate synthase were observed.Eventually,significantly enhanced cytotoxicity was achieved by combining multiple mechanisms including ferroptosis,apoptosis and pyroptosis.In vivo,strengthen tumor growth inhibitionwas achieved byαCD276-Lip@AF with high biosafety,providing new sights in enhancing chemotherapy sensitiveness and achieving high-performance chemo-immunotherapy.展开更多
In clinical settings,regenerating critical-sized calvarial bone defects presents substantial problems owing to the intricacy of surgical methods,restricted bone growth medications,and a scarcity of commercial bone gra...In clinical settings,regenerating critical-sized calvarial bone defects presents substantial problems owing to the intricacy of surgical methods,restricted bone growth medications,and a scarcity of commercial bone grafts.To treat this life-threatening issue,improved biofunctional grafts capable of properly healing critical-sized bone defects are required.In this study,we effectively created anti-fracture hydrogel systems using spongy-like metal-organic(magnesium-phosphate)coordinated chitosan-modified injectable hydrogels(CPMg)loaded with a bioinspired neobavaisoflavone(NBF)component.The CPMg-NBF hydrogels showed outstanding anti-fracture capabilities during compression testing and retained exceptional mechanical stability even after 28 d of immersion in phosphatebuffered saline.They also demonstrated prolonged and stable release profiles of Mg^(2+)and NBF.Importantly,CPMg-NBF hydrogels revealed robust biphasic mineralization and were non-toxic to MC3T3-E1 cells.To better understand the underlying mechanism of Mg^(2+)and NBF component,as well as their synergistic effect on osteogenesis,we investigated the expression of key osteogenic proteins in the p38 MAPK and NOTCH pathways.Our results showed that CPMg-NBF hydrogels greatly increased the expression of osteogenic proteins(Runx2,OCN,OPN,BMPS and ALP).In vivo experiments showed that the implantation of CPMg-NBF hydrogels resulted in a significant increase in new bone growth within critical-sized calvarial defects.Based on these findings,we expect that the CPMg-NBF supramolecular hydrogel has tremendous promise for use as a therapeutic biomaterial for treating critical-sized calvarial defects.展开更多
The dissolved hydrogen, rather than gaseous hydrogen, plays a crucial role in the hydrogenation process. A thorough understanding of hydrogen dissolution is essential for optimizing the hydrogenation process. In this ...The dissolved hydrogen, rather than gaseous hydrogen, plays a crucial role in the hydrogenation process. A thorough understanding of hydrogen dissolution is essential for optimizing the hydrogenation process. In this paper, the dynamic pressure step method was modified to reduce the temperature difference between the hydrogen and solution, from which the hydrogen solubility and volumetric liquid-side mass transfer coefficient (k_(L)a) of the vacuum residue were obtained. It was discovered that temperature was the most critical factor in hydrogen dissolution, simultaneously enhancing both the hydrogen solubility and k_(L)a. Pressure played a significant role in promoting hydrogen solubility, but had a relatively small impact on kLa. Stirring speed, although it enhanced k_(L)a, did not affect hydrogen solubility. By normalizing the dissolution parameter, the results showed that the gas-liquid mass transfer rate decreased continuously during hydrogen dissolution and that the SD-tD curves after normalization were almost the same in all experimental conditions.展开更多
Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic with high mortality,and the treatment options for the severe patients remain limited.Previous studies reported the altered gut mi-crobiota in severe CO...Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic with high mortality,and the treatment options for the severe patients remain limited.Previous studies reported the altered gut mi-crobiota in severe COVID-19.But there are no comprehensive data on the role of microbial metabolites in COVID-19 patients.Methods:We identified 153 serum microbial metabolites and assessed the changes in 72 COVID-19 pa-tients upon admission and one-month after their discharge,comparing these changes to those in 133 healthy control individuals from the outpatient department during the same period.Results:Our study revealed that microbial metabolites varied across different stages and severity of COVID-19 patients.These altered microbial metabolites included tryptophan,bile acids,fatty acids,amino acids,vitamins and those containing benzene.A total of 13 distinct microbial metabolites were identi-fied in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls.Notably,correlations were found among these disrupted metabolites and organ injury and inflammatory responses related to COVID-19.Furthermore,these metabolites did not restore to the normal levels one month after discharge.Importantly,two mi-crobial metabolites were the core microbial metabolites related to the severity of COVID-19 patients.Conclusions:The microbial metabolites were altered in the acute and recovery stage,correlating with dis-ease severity of COVID-19.These results indicated the important role of gut microbiota in the progression of COVID-19,and facilitated the potential therapeutic microbial target for severe COVID-19 patients.展开更多
Jihei buffer zone of the Second Songhua River in lower reaches of Songyuan City of the Songhua River was taken as the research object,and the current water quality,point source and non-point source pollution,and regio...Jihei buffer zone of the Second Songhua River in lower reaches of Songyuan City of the Songhua River was taken as the research object,and the current water quality,point source and non-point source pollution,and regional social and economic conditions of the buffer zone and its upstream water functional area were investigated.According to pollution sources and pollutant carrying capacity of water functional areas,analysis on main pollution factors in buffer zone was completed.展开更多
In this study,the axial swelling strain of red-bed mudstone under different vertical stresses are measured by swell-under-load method,and the microstructure of mudstone after hygroscopic swelling is studied by mercury...In this study,the axial swelling strain of red-bed mudstone under different vertical stresses are measured by swell-under-load method,and the microstructure of mudstone after hygroscopic swelling is studied by mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP).The weakening coefficient and Weibull distribution function are introduced into the coupling model of mudstone moisture diffusion-swelling deformation-fracture based on finite-discrete element method(FDEM).The weakening effect of moisture on mudstone's mechanical parameters,as well as the heterogeneity of swelling deformation and stress distribution,is considered.The microcrack behavior and energy evolution of mudstone during hygroscopic swelling deformation under different vertical stresses are studied.The results show that the axial swelling strain of mudstone decreases with increase of the vertical stress.At low vertical stresses,moisture absorption in mudstone leads to formation of cracks caused by hydration-induced expansion.Under high vertical stresses,a muddy sealing zone forms on the mudstone surface,preventing further water infiltration.The simulation results of mudstone swelling deformation also demonstrate that it involves both swelling of the mudstone matrix and swelling caused by crack expansion.Notably,crack expansion plays a dominant role in mudstone swelling.With increasing vertical stress,the cracks in mudstone change from tensile cracks to shear cracks,resulting in a significant reduction in the total number of cracks.While the evolution of mudstone kinetic energy shows similarities under different vertical stresses,the evolution of strain energy varies significantly due to the presence of different types of cracks in the mudstone.The findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the hygroscopic swelling deformation mechanism of red-bed mudstone at various depths.展开更多
Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,...Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,posing a major obstacle.Herein,we prepared the kinetically favorable Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O electrode in situ growth on carbon felt(Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF)through constraining the rate of OH^(−)generation in the hydrothermal method.Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF exhibited a high-density hierarchical nanosheet structure with three-dimensional open pores,benefitting the ion transport/electron transfer.And tuning the moderate amount of redox-inert Zn-doping can enhance surface electroactive sites,actual activity of redox-active Ni species,and lower adsorption energy,promoting the adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic of the Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF.Benefitting from the kinetic-thermodynamic facilitation mechanism,Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF achieved ultrahigh desalination capacity(128.9 mgNaCl g^(-1)),ultra-low energy consumption(0.164 kW h kgNaCl^(-1)),high salt removal rate(1.21 mgNaCl g^(-1) min^(-1)),and good cyclability.The thermodynamic facilitation and Na^(+)intercalation mechanism of Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF are identified by the density functional theory calculations and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring,respectively.This research provides new insights into controlling electrochemically favorable morphology and demonstrates that Zn-doping,which is redox-inert,is essential for enhancing the electrochemical performance of CDI electrodes.展开更多
Gas adsorption remains an attractive area of research.The hierarchical structure can reduce diffusion limitations and facilitate molecular transport,while acid sites can be used as adsorption sites.These make zeolites...Gas adsorption remains an attractive area of research.The hierarchical structure can reduce diffusion limitations and facilitate molecular transport,while acid sites can be used as adsorption sites.These make zeolites widely used in the field of gas adsorption.How to obtain zeolite adsorbents with better adsorption properties by modulating the hierarchical structure and acid sites is a pressing issue nowadays.This review highlights the strategies to modulate the hierarchical structure as well as the acid sites;and then explains how these strategies are achieved.The mechanism of zeolite adsorption on gases is then described in terms of these two properties.Lastly,the adsorption properties of zeolites for certain gases under specific conditions are summarised.An outlook of zeolite hierarchical structures and acid site modulation strategies is given.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22301139)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK 20230375).
文摘Sustainable energy technologies,particularly fuel cells,are gaining attraction for their potential to reduce carbon emissions and provide efficient power.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been central to this development.However,one persistent issue with lowtemperature PEMFCs is the dehydration of Nafion ionomer at elevated temperatures,which severely limits proton conductivity.Wang et al.tackle this by introducing a covalent organic framework(COF)interwoven with Nafion,addressing the challenge of maintaining proton conductivity and oxygen transport in medium temperatures(100–120℃).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42172308)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(Grant No.2022331)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(Grant No.2022BAA036).
文摘To overcome the limitations of microscale experimental techniques and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations,a coarse-grained molecular dynamics(CGMD)method was used to simulate the wetting processes of clay aggregates.Based on the evolution of swelling stress,final dry density,water distribution,and clay arrangements under different target water contents and dry densities,a relationship between the swelling behaviors and microstructures was established.The simulated results showed that when the clay-water well depth was 300 kcal/mol,the basal spacing from CGMD was consistent with the X-ray diffraction(XRD)data.The effect of initial dry density on swelling stress was more pronounced than that of water content.The anisotropic swelling characteristics of the aggregates are related to the proportion of horizontally oriented clay mineral layers.The swelling stress was found to depend on the distribution of tactoids at the microscopic level.At lower initial dry density,the distribution of tactoids was mainly controlled by water distribution.With increase in the bound water content,the basal spacing expanded,and the swelling stresses increased.Free water dominated at higher water contents,and the particles were easily rotated,leading to a decrease in the number of large tactoids.At higher dry densities,the distances between the clay mineral layers decreased,and the movement was limited.When bound water enters the interlayers,there is a significant increase in interparticle repulsive forces,resulting in a greater number of small-sized tactoids.Eventually,a well-defined logarithmic relationship was observed between the swelling stress and the total number of tactoids.These findings contribute to a better understanding of coupled macro-micro swelling behaviors of montmorillonite-based materials,filling a study gap in clay-water interactions on a micro scale.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82173769)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFE0106900)+1 种基金Applied Basic Research Multiinvestment Foundation of Tianjin(No.21JCYBJC01540)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(No.2023ZD019)。
文摘Small interfering RNAs(siRNA)provide a novel and highly specific therapy due to their ability to effectively silence target genes,to date six siRNA therapeutics are approved for clinical use.Even so,some critical challenges remain to overcome in the therapeutic application of siRNAs,with delivery issues at the forefront.Among them,endo/lysosomal barrier is one of the important but often-neglected limitations hindering the delivery of siRNA therapeutics.In this review,we summarize the promising strategies that facilitate siRNAs overcoming endo/lysosomal barriers based on the cellular uptake and intracellular transport pathways,including promoting escape once endocytosis into the endo/lysosomes and bypassing lysosomes via endosome-Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum(ER)pathway or nonendocytosis pathway,and discuss the principal considerations and the future directions of promoting endo/lysosomal escape in the development of therapeutic siRNAs.
基金supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Plan(No.2021YFE0106900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82173769)+1 种基金the Basic Research Cooperation Project of Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei from the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.20JCZXJC00070)the Applied Basic Research Multi-investment Foundation of Tianjin(No.21JCYBJC01540)。
文摘Small interfering RNA(siRNA),a promising revolutionary therapy,faces delivery obstacles due to its poor targeting,strong charge negativity and macromolecular nature.Clinical-approved siRNAs can now only be delivered to the liver mediated by the chemically conjugated N-acetylgalactosamine(GalNAc)ligand,the conjugate can be effectively uptaken into cells through interaction with asialoglycoprotein receptor(ASGPR)highly expressed on liver hepatocytes.To further explore an efficient non-hepatic targeted delivery strategy,in this study,we designed a delivery system that chemically conjugated p53 siRNA to renal tubular cell-targeting peptides for targeting the kidney,which was suitable for industrial transformation.Results showed that peptide-siRNA conjugate could specifically enter renal tubular epithelial cells and silence target genes.In cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury(AKI)mice,peptide-siRNA conjugate blocked the p53-mediated apoptotic pathway and alleviated renal damage.The innovative proposed system to conjugate kidney-targeting peptides with siRNA achieved the efficient kidney-targeted delivery of si RNA and provided a prospective choice for treating AKI.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(52170087,22276137).
文摘The mainstream silver recovery has problems such as resource waste,weak silver selectivity,and complicated operation.Here,self-propelled magnetic enhanced capture hydrogel(magnetic NbFeB/MXene/GO,MNMGH)was prepared by self-crosslinking encapsulation method.MNMGH achieved high selectivity(K_(d)=23.31 mL/g)in the acidic range,and exhibited ultrahigh silver recovery capacity(1604.8 mg/g),which greatly improved by 66%with the assistance of in-situ magnetic field.The recovered silver crystals could be directly physically exfoliated,without acid/base additions.The selective sieving effect of adsorption,MNMGH preferentially adsorbed Ag(I),and then selectively reduced to Ag(0),realizing dual-selective recovery.The in-situ magnetic field enhanced selective adsorption by enhancing mass transfer,reactivity of oxygen-containing functional groups.Furthermore,density function theory simulations demonstrated that the in-situ magnetic field could lower the silver reduction reaction energy barrier to enhance the selective reduction.Three-drive synergy system(reduction drive,adsorption drive and magnetic drive)achieved ultrahigh silver recovery performance.This study pioneered an in-situ magnetic field assisted enhancement strategy for dual-selective(adsorption/reduction)recovery of precious metal silver,which provided new idea for low-carbon recovery of noble metal from industrial waste liquids.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Grant No.24A0248)the National Key Research and Development Program“National Quality Infrastructure System”Special Project(Grant No.2024YFF0617900)the Hefei Minglong Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.(Grant Nos.2024ZKHX293,2024ZKHX294,and 2024ZKHX295).
文摘Due to their biological interpretability,memristors are widely used to simulate synapses between artificial neural networks.As a type of neural network whose dynamic behavior can be explained,the coupling of resonant tunneling diode-based cellular neural networks(RTD-CNNs)with memristors has rarely been reported in the literature.Therefore,this paper designs a coupled RTD-CNN model with memristors(RTD-MCNN),investigating and analyzing the dynamic behavior of the RTD-MCNN.Based on this model,a simple encryption scheme for the protection of digital images in police forensic applications is proposed.The results show that the RTD-MCNN can have two positive Lyapunov exponents,and its output is influenced by the initial values,exhibiting multistability.Furthermore,a set of amplitudes in its output sequence is affected by the internal parameters of the memristor,leading to nonlinear variations.Undoubtedly,the rich dynamic behaviors described above make the RTD-MCNN highly suitable for the design of chaos-based encryption schemes in the field of privacy protection.Encryption tests and security analyses validate the effectiveness of this scheme.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82173769)Tianjin Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(24JCJQJC00050)+2 种基金Applied Basic Research Multi-Investment Foundation of Tianjin(21JCYBJC01540)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82300336)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(2019KJ178).
文摘Mitochondria provides adenosine triphosphate for multiple vital movements to ensure tumor cell proliferation.Compared to the broadly used method of inducing DNA replication arrest to kill cancer,inducing mitochondria damage to cause energy shortage is quite promising as it can inhibit tumor cell bioactivities,increase intracellular accumulation of toxic drugs,eventually sensitize chemotherapy and even reverse drug resistance.Breaking the balance of glutathione(GSH)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)contents have been proven efficient in destroying mitochondria respectively.Herein,apigenin,a GSH efflux reagent,and 2-deoxy-5-fluorouridine 5-monophosphate sodium salt(FdUMP)that could induce toxic ROS were co-delivered by constructed lipid nanoparticles,noted as Lip@AF.An immune-checkpoint inhibition reagent CD276 antibody was modified onto the surface of Lip@AF with high reaction specificity(noted asαCD276-Lip@AF)to enhance the recognition of immune cells to tumor.Results showed that the redox balancewas destroyed,leading to severe injury to mitochondria and cell membrane.Furthermore,synergistic DNA/RNA replication inhibition caused by inhibiting the function of thymidylate synthase were observed.Eventually,significantly enhanced cytotoxicity was achieved by combining multiple mechanisms including ferroptosis,apoptosis and pyroptosis.In vivo,strengthen tumor growth inhibitionwas achieved byαCD276-Lip@AF with high biosafety,providing new sights in enhancing chemotherapy sensitiveness and achieving high-performance chemo-immunotherapy.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82202664,82172432,U22A20371)Shenzhen Sustainable Development Project(No.KCXFZ20201221173411031)+4 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220818102815033,National Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2021A1515220053,2022A1515010034,2021B1515120061)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019A1515110983,2022A1515012663)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(202102021160)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21624221)the Research Fund Program of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability Research(2023B1212010009).
文摘In clinical settings,regenerating critical-sized calvarial bone defects presents substantial problems owing to the intricacy of surgical methods,restricted bone growth medications,and a scarcity of commercial bone grafts.To treat this life-threatening issue,improved biofunctional grafts capable of properly healing critical-sized bone defects are required.In this study,we effectively created anti-fracture hydrogel systems using spongy-like metal-organic(magnesium-phosphate)coordinated chitosan-modified injectable hydrogels(CPMg)loaded with a bioinspired neobavaisoflavone(NBF)component.The CPMg-NBF hydrogels showed outstanding anti-fracture capabilities during compression testing and retained exceptional mechanical stability even after 28 d of immersion in phosphatebuffered saline.They also demonstrated prolonged and stable release profiles of Mg^(2+)and NBF.Importantly,CPMg-NBF hydrogels revealed robust biphasic mineralization and were non-toxic to MC3T3-E1 cells.To better understand the underlying mechanism of Mg^(2+)and NBF component,as well as their synergistic effect on osteogenesis,we investigated the expression of key osteogenic proteins in the p38 MAPK and NOTCH pathways.Our results showed that CPMg-NBF hydrogels greatly increased the expression of osteogenic proteins(Runx2,OCN,OPN,BMPS and ALP).In vivo experiments showed that the implantation of CPMg-NBF hydrogels resulted in a significant increase in new bone growth within critical-sized calvarial defects.Based on these findings,we expect that the CPMg-NBF supramolecular hydrogel has tremendous promise for use as a therapeutic biomaterial for treating critical-sized calvarial defects.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB4101300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.22278430 and 21878329)Project of R&D Department of CNPC(2020B-2011 and 21-CB-05-05).
文摘The dissolved hydrogen, rather than gaseous hydrogen, plays a crucial role in the hydrogenation process. A thorough understanding of hydrogen dissolution is essential for optimizing the hydrogenation process. In this paper, the dynamic pressure step method was modified to reduce the temperature difference between the hydrogen and solution, from which the hydrogen solubility and volumetric liquid-side mass transfer coefficient (k_(L)a) of the vacuum residue were obtained. It was discovered that temperature was the most critical factor in hydrogen dissolution, simultaneously enhancing both the hydrogen solubility and k_(L)a. Pressure played a significant role in promoting hydrogen solubility, but had a relatively small impact on kLa. Stirring speed, although it enhanced k_(L)a, did not affect hydrogen solubility. By normalizing the dissolution parameter, the results showed that the gas-liquid mass transfer rate decreased continuously during hydrogen dissolution and that the SD-tD curves after normalization were almost the same in all experimental conditions.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1301001)the Natural Science Founda-tion of China(82170668)+1 种基金the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion(GZ1546)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-045).
文摘Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic with high mortality,and the treatment options for the severe patients remain limited.Previous studies reported the altered gut mi-crobiota in severe COVID-19.But there are no comprehensive data on the role of microbial metabolites in COVID-19 patients.Methods:We identified 153 serum microbial metabolites and assessed the changes in 72 COVID-19 pa-tients upon admission and one-month after their discharge,comparing these changes to those in 133 healthy control individuals from the outpatient department during the same period.Results:Our study revealed that microbial metabolites varied across different stages and severity of COVID-19 patients.These altered microbial metabolites included tryptophan,bile acids,fatty acids,amino acids,vitamins and those containing benzene.A total of 13 distinct microbial metabolites were identi-fied in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls.Notably,correlations were found among these disrupted metabolites and organ injury and inflammatory responses related to COVID-19.Furthermore,these metabolites did not restore to the normal levels one month after discharge.Importantly,two mi-crobial metabolites were the core microbial metabolites related to the severity of COVID-19 patients.Conclusions:The microbial metabolites were altered in the acute and recovery stage,correlating with dis-ease severity of COVID-19.These results indicated the important role of gut microbiota in the progression of COVID-19,and facilitated the potential therapeutic microbial target for severe COVID-19 patients.
文摘Jihei buffer zone of the Second Songhua River in lower reaches of Songyuan City of the Songhua River was taken as the research object,and the current water quality,point source and non-point source pollution,and regional social and economic conditions of the buffer zone and its upstream water functional area were investigated.According to pollution sources and pollutant carrying capacity of water functional areas,analysis on main pollution factors in buffer zone was completed.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42172308)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2022331).
文摘In this study,the axial swelling strain of red-bed mudstone under different vertical stresses are measured by swell-under-load method,and the microstructure of mudstone after hygroscopic swelling is studied by mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP).The weakening coefficient and Weibull distribution function are introduced into the coupling model of mudstone moisture diffusion-swelling deformation-fracture based on finite-discrete element method(FDEM).The weakening effect of moisture on mudstone's mechanical parameters,as well as the heterogeneity of swelling deformation and stress distribution,is considered.The microcrack behavior and energy evolution of mudstone during hygroscopic swelling deformation under different vertical stresses are studied.The results show that the axial swelling strain of mudstone decreases with increase of the vertical stress.At low vertical stresses,moisture absorption in mudstone leads to formation of cracks caused by hydration-induced expansion.Under high vertical stresses,a muddy sealing zone forms on the mudstone surface,preventing further water infiltration.The simulation results of mudstone swelling deformation also demonstrate that it involves both swelling of the mudstone matrix and swelling caused by crack expansion.Notably,crack expansion plays a dominant role in mudstone swelling.With increasing vertical stress,the cracks in mudstone change from tensile cracks to shear cracks,resulting in a significant reduction in the total number of cracks.While the evolution of mudstone kinetic energy shows similarities under different vertical stresses,the evolution of strain energy varies significantly due to the presence of different types of cracks in the mudstone.The findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the hygroscopic swelling deformation mechanism of red-bed mudstone at various depths.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(22276137,52170087)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XJEDU2023Z009).
文摘Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,posing a major obstacle.Herein,we prepared the kinetically favorable Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O electrode in situ growth on carbon felt(Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF)through constraining the rate of OH^(−)generation in the hydrothermal method.Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF exhibited a high-density hierarchical nanosheet structure with three-dimensional open pores,benefitting the ion transport/electron transfer.And tuning the moderate amount of redox-inert Zn-doping can enhance surface electroactive sites,actual activity of redox-active Ni species,and lower adsorption energy,promoting the adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic of the Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF.Benefitting from the kinetic-thermodynamic facilitation mechanism,Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF achieved ultrahigh desalination capacity(128.9 mgNaCl g^(-1)),ultra-low energy consumption(0.164 kW h kgNaCl^(-1)),high salt removal rate(1.21 mgNaCl g^(-1) min^(-1)),and good cyclability.The thermodynamic facilitation and Na^(+)intercalation mechanism of Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF are identified by the density functional theory calculations and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring,respectively.This research provides new insights into controlling electrochemically favorable morphology and demonstrates that Zn-doping,which is redox-inert,is essential for enhancing the electrochemical performance of CDI electrodes.
基金supported by“Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”-Baoshan Transformation Development Science and Technology Special Project (No.21SQBS01100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22276137 and52170087)。
文摘Gas adsorption remains an attractive area of research.The hierarchical structure can reduce diffusion limitations and facilitate molecular transport,while acid sites can be used as adsorption sites.These make zeolites widely used in the field of gas adsorption.How to obtain zeolite adsorbents with better adsorption properties by modulating the hierarchical structure and acid sites is a pressing issue nowadays.This review highlights the strategies to modulate the hierarchical structure as well as the acid sites;and then explains how these strategies are achieved.The mechanism of zeolite adsorption on gases is then described in terms of these two properties.Lastly,the adsorption properties of zeolites for certain gases under specific conditions are summarised.An outlook of zeolite hierarchical structures and acid site modulation strategies is given.
