Objective MicroRNA-1(miR-1)aggravates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion(I/R)injury,whereas insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)maintains cardiomyocyte homeostasis.In this study,the aim is to investigate whether miR-1 ca...Objective MicroRNA-1(miR-1)aggravates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion(I/R)injury,whereas insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)maintains cardiomyocyte homeostasis.In this study,the aim is to investigate whether miR-1 can exacerbate I/R injury through the regulation of IGF-1.Methods The infarct area,lactate dehydrogenase,miR-1 level,and apoptosis level were examined in the Langendorff isolated rat I/R model.The hypoxia–reoxygenation model of rat cardiacmyocytes and H9c2 cells were developed to determine the levels of miR-1,IGF-1 mRNA,and IGF-1 protein.Furthermore,the dual-luciferase assay was used to verify the relationship between miR-1 and IGF-1.Results Overexpression of miR-1 increased the level of apoptosis and decreased the IGF-1 expression.However,inhibition of miR-1 expression decreased the level of apoptosis,alleviated the degree of injury,and increased the IGF-1 expression.Overexpression of IGF-1 also reduced the degree of cellular damage and level of apoptosis caused by the overexpression of miR-1.When IGF-1 was knocked down,myocardial cells displayed more severe damage and a higher apoptosis level,even with decreased levels of miR-1.Conclusion miR-1 promotes apoptosis and aggravates I/R injury by downregulating IGF-1.展开更多
Objective:Partial or segmental inferior vena cava(IVC)resection is indicated for tumor control in patients with renal tumors invading the IVC.This study aimed to introduce a virtual vascular endoscope to assist surgeo...Objective:Partial or segmental inferior vena cava(IVC)resection is indicated for tumor control in patients with renal tumors invading the IVC.This study aimed to introduce a virtual vascular endoscope to assist surgeons in locating IVC invasion,formulate a surgical plan for robot-assisted IVC thrombectomy(RA-IVCT),and evaluate its potential value.Methods:The reconstruction involves building the construction of deep learning models to predict IVC invasion,which were evaluated via intraoperative findings and pathological analysis.Thirty-six patients with renal tumors and IVC thrombi who underwent RA-IVCT between June 2016 and March 2022 were included in the study.A virtual vascular endoscopy was performed based on preoperative CT findings to identify IVC invasion.Based on the extent of IVC wall invasion and the collateral situation,surgeons could decide whether to perform partial or segmental IVC resection during RA-IVCT.Results:Twenty patients were retrospectively analysed for training in virtual vascular endoscopy(the training cohort),and 16 patients were prospectively analysed to evaluate the accuracy of this technique(the validation cohort).Sixteen patients with IVC invasion underwent cavectomy,whereas six patients underwent partial IVC resection.In the validation cohort,pathological analysis confirmed the exact location of IVC invasion in eight of the nine patients,as indicated by virtual vascular endoscopy.Patients who underwent partial IVC wall resection had less lower extremity edema than those who underwent cavectomy.Conclusion:Our initial experience showed that the virtual vascular endoscopy could assist surgeons in identifying IVC invasion and creating a surgical plan for RA-IVCT.展开更多
Background:Northern residents predominantly rely on coal-fired heating during winter,leading to severe air pollution.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)adsorbed on atmospheric particulate matter pose significant he...Background:Northern residents predominantly rely on coal-fired heating during winter,leading to severe air pollution.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)adsorbed on atmospheric particulate matter pose significant health risks.Among PAHs,dibenz[a,h]anthracene(DahA),though present at lower environmental concentrations compared to other PAHs,exhibits a carcinogenic potency that is 10 or more times greater than benzo[a]pyrene(BaP),underscoring its potential harm.Despite reports on DahA's multiple toxic effects,its impact on metabolic networks remains poorly understood.Methods:Based on the respiratory volume of adult rats and the concentration of PM2.5-bound DahA in heavily polluted cities of northern China,adult Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with DahA(0.07μg/kg and 0.2μg/kg)twice weekly for four weeks via intratracheal instillation.Metabolomic profiling of serum was performed using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(RRLC/Q-TOF-MS)to elucidate metabolic disruptions caused by DahA exposure.Results:DahA exposure induced significant oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in rats,accompanied by notable alterations in the serum metabolome.A total of 11 metabolites were found to be decreased,and 2 metabolites were increased,with disruptions observed in folate biosynthesis,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and nitrogen metabolism pathways.Additionally,metabolic dysregulation may interfere with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and compromise nucleotide homeostasis.Conclusion:These findings enhance our understanding of the toxicological effects of DahA exposure and its role in lung damage.The results suggest that metabolic disturbances caused by DahA may contribute to the exacerbation of respiratory diseases associated with particulate matter-bound PAH pollution during the heating season in cold regions.展开更多
The Cooling Storage Ring(CSR)external-target experiment(CEE)will be the first large-scale nuclear physics experiment at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).A beam monitor has been developed to monitor th...The Cooling Storage Ring(CSR)external-target experiment(CEE)will be the first large-scale nuclear physics experiment at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).A beam monitor has been developed to monitor the beam status and to improve the reconstruction resolution of the primary vertex.Custom-designed pixel charge sensors,named TopmetalCEEv1,are employed in the detector to locate the position of each particle.Readout electronics for the beam monitor were designed,including front-end electronics utilizing the Topmetal-CEEv1 sensors,as well as a readout and control unit that communicates with the DAQ,trigger,and clock systems.A series of tests were performed to validate the functionality and performance of the system,including basic electronic verifications and responses toαparticles and heavy-ion beams.The results show that all designed functions of the readout electronics system work well,and this system could be used for beam monitoring in the CEE experiment.展开更多
Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic infectious disease,which is caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)and reemerged as a global health risk with a significant proportion of multi-drug resistant and extensivel...Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic infectious disease,which is caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)and reemerged as a global health risk with a significant proportion of multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant TB cases.It is very urgent to find some novel high-confidence drug targets in Mtb for discovering the effective anti-TB agents.Thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)has been identified to be a highly viable target for anti-TB drugs for its important role in protecting the pathogen from thiol-specific oxidizing stress,regulating intracellular dithiol/disulfide homeostasis and DNA replication and repair.In the present work,a near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent probe DDAT was developed for the detection of TrxR activity and used to high-throughput screen the TrxR inhibitors from natural products.Two screened TrxR inhibitors from Sappan Lignum and microbial metabolites that were further used to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis.All the results indicate that DDAT is a practical fluorescent molecular tool for the discovery of potential anti-TB drugs.展开更多
This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer...This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts(WCBs).Based on the aircraft data,we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1-2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content(LWC) exceeding0.5 g kg^(-1) during the vertical aircraft observation.Although the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes,the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics schemes.The conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations,both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water layer.However,the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds,in terms of LWC and IWC,was not apparent in HUJI fast bin scheme.To reduce such uncertainty,future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.展开更多
Turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)is a devastating potyvirus pathogen that infects a wide variety of both cultivated and wild Brassicaceae plants.We urgently need more information and understanding of TuMV pathogenesis and the...Turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)is a devastating potyvirus pathogen that infects a wide variety of both cultivated and wild Brassicaceae plants.We urgently need more information and understanding of TuMV pathogenesis and the host responses involved in disease development in cruciferous crops.TuMV displays great versatility in viral pathogenesis,especially in its replication and intercellular movement.Moreover,in the coevolutionary arms races between TuMV and its hosts,the virus has evolved to co-opt host factors to facilitate its infection and counter host defense responses.This review mainly focuses on recent advances in understanding the viral factors that contribute to the TuMV infection cycle and the host resistance mechanism in Brassica.Finally,we propose some future research directions on TuMV pathogenesis and control strategies to design durable TuMV-resistant Brassica crops.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473453,81673800)the Projects of International Science and Technology Cooperation in Henan(182102410084).
文摘Objective MicroRNA-1(miR-1)aggravates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion(I/R)injury,whereas insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)maintains cardiomyocyte homeostasis.In this study,the aim is to investigate whether miR-1 can exacerbate I/R injury through the regulation of IGF-1.Methods The infarct area,lactate dehydrogenase,miR-1 level,and apoptosis level were examined in the Langendorff isolated rat I/R model.The hypoxia–reoxygenation model of rat cardiacmyocytes and H9c2 cells were developed to determine the levels of miR-1,IGF-1 mRNA,and IGF-1 protein.Furthermore,the dual-luciferase assay was used to verify the relationship between miR-1 and IGF-1.Results Overexpression of miR-1 increased the level of apoptosis and decreased the IGF-1 expression.However,inhibition of miR-1 expression decreased the level of apoptosis,alleviated the degree of injury,and increased the IGF-1 expression.Overexpression of IGF-1 also reduced the degree of cellular damage and level of apoptosis caused by the overexpression of miR-1.When IGF-1 was knocked down,myocardial cells displayed more severe damage and a higher apoptosis level,even with decreased levels of miR-1.Conclusion miR-1 promotes apoptosis and aggravates I/R injury by downregulating IGF-1.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82273412 to Huang Q).
文摘Objective:Partial or segmental inferior vena cava(IVC)resection is indicated for tumor control in patients with renal tumors invading the IVC.This study aimed to introduce a virtual vascular endoscope to assist surgeons in locating IVC invasion,formulate a surgical plan for robot-assisted IVC thrombectomy(RA-IVCT),and evaluate its potential value.Methods:The reconstruction involves building the construction of deep learning models to predict IVC invasion,which were evaluated via intraoperative findings and pathological analysis.Thirty-six patients with renal tumors and IVC thrombi who underwent RA-IVCT between June 2016 and March 2022 were included in the study.A virtual vascular endoscopy was performed based on preoperative CT findings to identify IVC invasion.Based on the extent of IVC wall invasion and the collateral situation,surgeons could decide whether to perform partial or segmental IVC resection during RA-IVCT.Results:Twenty patients were retrospectively analysed for training in virtual vascular endoscopy(the training cohort),and 16 patients were prospectively analysed to evaluate the accuracy of this technique(the validation cohort).Sixteen patients with IVC invasion underwent cavectomy,whereas six patients underwent partial IVC resection.In the validation cohort,pathological analysis confirmed the exact location of IVC invasion in eight of the nine patients,as indicated by virtual vascular endoscopy.Patients who underwent partial IVC wall resection had less lower extremity edema than those who underwent cavectomy.Conclusion:Our initial experience showed that the virtual vascular endoscopy could assist surgeons in identifying IVC invasion and creating a surgical plan for RA-IVCT.
基金supported partly by the Research Foundation of Health and family planning commission in Heilongjiang(2016-272)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LH2021H010).
文摘Background:Northern residents predominantly rely on coal-fired heating during winter,leading to severe air pollution.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)adsorbed on atmospheric particulate matter pose significant health risks.Among PAHs,dibenz[a,h]anthracene(DahA),though present at lower environmental concentrations compared to other PAHs,exhibits a carcinogenic potency that is 10 or more times greater than benzo[a]pyrene(BaP),underscoring its potential harm.Despite reports on DahA's multiple toxic effects,its impact on metabolic networks remains poorly understood.Methods:Based on the respiratory volume of adult rats and the concentration of PM2.5-bound DahA in heavily polluted cities of northern China,adult Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with DahA(0.07μg/kg and 0.2μg/kg)twice weekly for four weeks via intratracheal instillation.Metabolomic profiling of serum was performed using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(RRLC/Q-TOF-MS)to elucidate metabolic disruptions caused by DahA exposure.Results:DahA exposure induced significant oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in rats,accompanied by notable alterations in the serum metabolome.A total of 11 metabolites were found to be decreased,and 2 metabolites were increased,with disruptions observed in folate biosynthesis,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and nitrogen metabolism pathways.Additionally,metabolic dysregulation may interfere with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and compromise nucleotide homeostasis.Conclusion:These findings enhance our understanding of the toxicological effects of DahA exposure and its role in lung damage.The results suggest that metabolic disturbances caused by DahA may contribute to the exacerbation of respiratory diseases associated with particulate matter-bound PAH pollution during the heating season in cold regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11927901,12105110,U2032209,12275105)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2020YFE0202002,2022YFA1602103)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.CCNU22QN005)。
文摘The Cooling Storage Ring(CSR)external-target experiment(CEE)will be the first large-scale nuclear physics experiment at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).A beam monitor has been developed to monitor the beam status and to improve the reconstruction resolution of the primary vertex.Custom-designed pixel charge sensors,named TopmetalCEEv1,are employed in the detector to locate the position of each particle.Readout electronics for the beam monitor were designed,including front-end electronics utilizing the Topmetal-CEEv1 sensors,as well as a readout and control unit that communicates with the DAQ,trigger,and clock systems.A series of tests were performed to validate the functionality and performance of the system,including basic electronic verifications and responses toαparticles and heavy-ion beams.The results show that all designed functions of the readout electronics system work well,and this system could be used for beam monitoring in the CEE experiment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81930112 and 82225048)Open Research Fund of the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan Normal University for support(No.2021YB07)Research on National Reference Material and Product Development of Natural Products(No.SG030801,Beijing Polytechnic)。
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic infectious disease,which is caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)and reemerged as a global health risk with a significant proportion of multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant TB cases.It is very urgent to find some novel high-confidence drug targets in Mtb for discovering the effective anti-TB agents.Thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)has been identified to be a highly viable target for anti-TB drugs for its important role in protecting the pathogen from thiol-specific oxidizing stress,regulating intracellular dithiol/disulfide homeostasis and DNA replication and repair.In the present work,a near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent probe DDAT was developed for the detection of TrxR activity and used to high-throughput screen the TrxR inhibitors from natural products.Two screened TrxR inhibitors from Sappan Lignum and microbial metabolites that were further used to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis.All the results indicate that DDAT is a practical fluorescent molecular tool for the discovery of potential anti-TB drugs.
基金jointly supported by the China National Science Foundation under Grant Nos.41875172 and 42075192。
文摘This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts(WCBs).Based on the aircraft data,we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1-2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content(LWC) exceeding0.5 g kg^(-1) during the vertical aircraft observation.Although the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes,the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics schemes.The conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations,both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water layer.However,the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds,in terms of LWC and IWC,was not apparent in HUJI fast bin scheme.To reduce such uncertainty,future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.
基金supported by a grant from Chinese Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (Grant No.CARS-24-C-04)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.LZ24C140001)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.32370144,32070165)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘Turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)is a devastating potyvirus pathogen that infects a wide variety of both cultivated and wild Brassicaceae plants.We urgently need more information and understanding of TuMV pathogenesis and the host responses involved in disease development in cruciferous crops.TuMV displays great versatility in viral pathogenesis,especially in its replication and intercellular movement.Moreover,in the coevolutionary arms races between TuMV and its hosts,the virus has evolved to co-opt host factors to facilitate its infection and counter host defense responses.This review mainly focuses on recent advances in understanding the viral factors that contribute to the TuMV infection cycle and the host resistance mechanism in Brassica.Finally,we propose some future research directions on TuMV pathogenesis and control strategies to design durable TuMV-resistant Brassica crops.
