Aluminum-doped zinc oxide （ZnO：AI） films were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering in incorporating hydrogen in sputtering gas at room temper- ature. The influences of hydrogen content in sputtering gas...Aluminum-doped zinc oxide （ZnO：AI） films were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering in incorporating hydrogen in sputtering gas at room temper- ature. The influences of hydrogen content in sputtering gas on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO：A1 films were systematically investigated. It is found that hydrogen incorporated into ZnO lattice forms shallow donors in ZnO：A1 films and plays an important role in the properties of ZnO：A1 films. The electrical conductivity and infrared （IR） reflectance are improved due to the increase of electron carrier concentration, and the average trans- mittance decreases, which is ascribed to the strong scat- tering from the hydrogen incorporated and oxygen vacancies in ZnO：A1 films. In this study, the resistivity of 5.5 × 10-4 Ω.cm is obtained, the average transmittance of the wavelength in the range of 400-900 nm is almost 86 %, and the IR reflectance reaches 75 % at 2,500 nm, which is higher than that of reported TCO films. The band gap determined by optical absorption is a result of com- petition between Burstein-Moss effect and many-body perturbation effect. However, the hydrogen content in sputtering gas is above 10 %, and the optical band gap shift is independent of hydrogen content in sputtering gas.展开更多
In this article, the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films was systematically investigated. The structural, optical, and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmiss...In this article, the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films was systematically investigated. The structural, optical, and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscope （TEM）, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, respectively. CdS nanocubes with size of less than 500 nm and nanocrystal-lites with diameter of less than 5 nm forming in reaction solution are observed. According to the TEM results and the SEM morphological evolution of CdS films, a crystal-lite-by-crystallite growth mechanism is proposed to eluci-date the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films based on the present growth mechanism.展开更多
In this paper, sodium citrate was adopted as a complexing agent and ammonia merely served as pH adjustor to investigate the growth mechanism of CdS film The growth rate, structural properties, surface morphology micro...In this paper, sodium citrate was adopted as a complexing agent and ammonia merely served as pH adjustor to investigate the growth mechanism of CdS film The growth rate, structural properties, surface morphology microstructure, and optical properties of CdS films were studied by profilometer, X-ray diffractometer（XRD）scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission elec tron microscopy（TEM）, and spectrophotometer, respec tively. The SEM images show that CdS films prepared with higher ammonia concentration have lower nucleation density on substrate. SEM and EDS results show that the formation of Cd（OH）2is not required in the growth of CdS film. As the ammonia concentration increases, the sites tha previously adsorbed S2-are taken by OH-which leads to lower S2-density on substrate. CdS film forms through direct reaction of Cd2？with the S2-which are adsorbed on the substrate. Lower S2-density on the substrate results in the decrease of particle density on the substrate. The as deposited CdS films have relatively high-average trans mittance（＊80 %） in the wavelength range from 500 to1,000 nm which makes them suitable to be used in sola cell.展开更多
Liver diseases are gradually becoming a serious threat to human health worldwide.Although a number of medications have been introduced for the prophylaxis,diagnosis,and treatment of liver diseases,several limitations ...Liver diseases are gradually becoming a serious threat to human health worldwide.Although a number of medications have been introduced for the prophylaxis,diagnosis,and treatment of liver diseases,several limitations and challenges remain.Traditional Chinese medicine is frequently used to treat liver diseases and well known to protect hepatocytes and inhibit inflammation,oxidative stress,and fibrosis.However,given the complex composition of traditional Chinese medicine,clarifying the mechanisms behind its curative and protective effects is difficult.In this review,research progress on traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver diseases in 2020 is summarized on the basis of the literature available in the PubMed database.Herbal extracts derived from traditional Chinese medicine,including flavonoids,polysaccharides,saponins,and alkaloids,and Chinese medicinal formulas,such as the classic decoctions Chaihu Shugan powder,Linggui Zhugan decoction,and Huanglian Jiedu decoction,have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in liver disease treatment.We summarized the findings of several studies on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese herbs used for liver disease treatment in 2020,focusing mainly on their ability to confer antiviral effects to treat hepatitis,regulate antioxidant levels and apoptosis to treat liver injury,inhibit inflammation and improve dysfunctions in amino acids and energy metabolism to treat alcoholic liver disease,reduce hepatic lipid deposition to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,promote activated hepatic stellate cells to treat liver fibrosis,inhibit the proliferation or promote the apoptosis of liver cancer cells to treat hepatocellular carcinoma,and improve bile acid metabolism to treat cholestasis.展开更多
The metal-organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD） technique is a promising process for high-tem- perature superconductor YBa2Cu307_6（YBCO） preparation. In this technique, it is a challenge to obtain barium precu...The metal-organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD） technique is a promising process for high-tem- perature superconductor YBa2Cu307_6（YBCO） preparation. In this technique, it is a challenge to obtain barium precursors with high volatility. In addition, the purity, evaporation characteristics, and thermostability of adopted precursors in whole process will decide the quality and reproducible results of YBCO film. In the present report, bis（2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- 3,5-heptanedionato）barium（II） （Ba（TMHD）2） was synthe- sized, and its structure was identified by PTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI-MS spectroscopy. Subsequently, the thermal properties and the kinetics of decomposition were systemati- cally investigated by nonisothermal thermogravimetric anal- ysis methods. Based on the average apparent activation energy evaluated by the Ozawa, Kissinger, and Friedman methods, the volatilization process was discussed, and all results show that Ba（TMHD）2 is unstable and highly sensitive to the change of temperature during the whole evaporation process. There- fore, it is very important to choose suitable volatilization technology and conditions for avoiding Ba（TMHD）2 break- down （or thermal aging） during MOCVD process. Subse- quently, the possible conversion function is estimated through the Coats-Redfern method to characterize the evaporation patterns and follows a phase boundary reaction mechanism by the contracting surface equation with average activation energy of 118.7 kJ.mo1-1.展开更多
Liver diseases and their co-morbidities represent a major public health problem.Owing to its progressive pathogenesis and lack of effective treatment,liver disease has become one of the most important causes of death ...Liver diseases and their co-morbidities represent a major public health problem.Owing to its progressive pathogenesis and lack of effective treatment,liver disease has become one of the most important causes of death worldwide.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has potential advantages in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases,including high safety,remarkable curative effects,and low toxicity and side effects.In 2021,TCM extracts and their derivatives,TCM compounds,and ethnic medicines showed good efficacy in the treatment of liver diseases.The main mechanisms and representative drugs of TCM can be summarized by the use of amygdalin,dicoumarol,quercetin,and ancient ephedrine decoction to treat hepatitis by inhibiting viral replication,as well as the use of Gentianae Radix,lupeol,Zornia diphylla(L.)Pers.,and Chinese patent medicine Liuwei Wuling tablet to alleviate acute liver injury by improving oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the body.In the treatment of alcoholic liver disease and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease,the mechanism of TCM is the inhibition of oxidative stress,improving metabolism,regulating intestinal microflora,and enhancing intestinal barrier function.The representative TCM for alcoholic liver disease includes astragaloside,puerarin,patchouli alcohol,and Mori Fructus polysaccharide,while those for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease include saikosaponin,dehydroabietic acid,hesperetin,berberine,and Panax Notoginseng saponins.Additionally,germacrone,forsythin,geniposide,and protocatechuic acid can inhibit the activation or migration of stellate cells and improve liver fibrosis.Toosendanin,paeoniflorin,chrysin,and the classical prescription Huanglian decoction can significantly inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cells and promote their apoptosis for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.The activation of the farnesol X receptor pathway can improve bile metabolism in the liver,thus,significantly alleviating cholestatic liver disease.Its representative drugs include the TCM extracts pterostilbene and arbutin.In this review,we summarize the advances made in research on TCM used in the treatment of liver diseases in 2021,providing a reference for further development of TCM for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases.展开更多
Dopamine(DA)is easy to be oxidized and polymerizes to form polydopamine(pDA)in alkaline conditions,while the synthesis is usually time-consuming(48 h).Herein,the polymerization of DA is completed with 4 h under the ca...Dopamine(DA)is easy to be oxidized and polymerizes to form polydopamine(pDA)in alkaline conditions,while the synthesis is usually time-consuming(48 h).Herein,the polymerization of DA is completed with 4 h under the catalysis of acid phosphatase(ACP).The high efficiency makes the detection of DA feasibility based on the self-polymerization of DA.In this assay,pDA is grown in situ on the surface of covalent organic frameworks(COFs),and then the fluorescence of COFs is quenched significantly.The linear range of DA is achieved from 0.5-50μmol/L with a detection limit of 0.16μmol/L.The detection of DA is not interfered with uric acid,ascorbic acid,and some phenolic compounds,because these substances cannot polymerize in the presence of ACP.Moreover,benefiting from the good sensitivity and selectivity,DA has been successfully determined by this strategy in human urine samples with satisfactory recoveries.展开更多
Background:In this investigation,we sought to evaluate the benefits of Xiaochaihu decoction(XCHD)on polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-induced viral pneumonia in mice and elucidate its mechanisms of action.Method:A viral...Background:In this investigation,we sought to evaluate the benefits of Xiaochaihu decoction(XCHD)on polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-induced viral pneumonia in mice and elucidate its mechanisms of action.Method:A viral pneumonia model was established in mice using polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid,with mice being intragastrically administered different doses of XCHD.The benefits of XCHD therapy for mice with viral pneumonia were assessed by determining the weight ratio of lung tissue,wet-to-dry,overall protein concentrations,and total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and hematoxylin and eosin staining of lung tissues.By determining the interleukin-1βlevels,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,nitric oxide,interleukin-10,and interleukin-4,and the mRNA and protein expression of nitric oxide synthase 2,arginase-1,and macrophage mannose receptor 1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,we assessed consequences of XCHD on macrophage polarization with mice suffering from viral pneumonia.Results:XCHD was found to significantly reduce lung tissue wet-to-dry and the total protein content and total number of cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,while ameliorating pathological modifications to the lung tissues of rodents suffering from viral pneumonia,thereby indicating that this medicinal preparation has a healing impact on model mice with viral pneumonia.In addition,XCHD was found to reduce the magnitudes of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,and nitric oxide and the mRNA and protein manifestation of nitric oxide synthase 2,and promote an increase in the levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-4 and the mRNA and protein expression of arginase-1 and macrophage mannose receptor 1,thereby indicating that XCHD can favorably mediate polarization of macrophages in mice with viral pneumonia.Conclusion:XCHD has notable therapeutic effects on viral pneumonia in mice,the fundamental workings of action of which may be connected to regulation of macrophage polarization.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)mice model and its effects on the endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)signaling pathway.Methods:NASH mice...Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)mice model and its effects on the endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)signaling pathway.Methods:NASH mice model was established by methionine-choline deficient(MCD)diet induction and intragastric administration of Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction.The therapeutic effects of the decoction on NASH mice model were evaluated by measuring the body weight,hepatic index,and blood lipids and analyzing liver function-related biochemical markers,liver hematoxylin and eosin staining,and liver oil red O staining after the administration of the decoction in the mice model.Next,the levels of glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78),inositol-requiring enzyme 1(IRE1),and X-box binding protein 1(XBP1)in the liver tissue of the mice were measured using Western blotting to investigate the mechanism underlying the treatment of NASH mice model by Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction.Results:Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction improved the body weight and hepatic index;reduced the levels of total cholesterol,transglutaminase,alanine transaminase,and aspartate aminotransferase;and improved pathological changes caused by hepatocyte necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration,ballooning,and fat accumulation in the liver tissue of NASH mice model.The Western blot results showed that Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction reduced the levels of GRP78,IRE1,and XBP1 proteins in the liver tissues of NASH mice model.Conclusion:Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction has therapeutic effects on NASH mice model.The mechanism of its action may be related to the regulation of level of GRP78,IRE1,and XBP1 proteins in liver tissue and improvement of ERS.展开更多
The immunomodulatory efficacy of current psoriasis biological therapies is hindered by their limited ability to scavenge multiple cytokines,inefficient delivery to specific inflamed skin regions,and potential side eff...The immunomodulatory efficacy of current psoriasis biological therapies is hindered by their limited ability to scavenge multiple cytokines,inefficient delivery to specific inflamed skin regions,and potential side effects.Upon analyzing samples from both patients and mice,we identify a significant increase in type Ⅳ collagen within the extracellular matrix(ECM)of psoriatic skin.Thus,we report the microneedle(MN)delivery of type Ⅳ collagen targeting peptide-modified dual-cell membrane biomimetic nanodecoys(CRHM@lip)with multiple cytokines scavenging ability for treating psoriasis.The CRHM@lip can scavenge both tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin(IL)-17.Upon MN delivery,the nanodecoys target ECM and exhibit skin retention for over 120 h.The treatment by CRHM@lip-integrated MNs reduces skin thickness in mice by 57.9%and shows decreased levels of TNF-α,IL-17,IL-23,and interferon(IFN)-γ in skin sections compared to the psoriasis group.Additionally,the CRHM@lip treatment reduces the CD4^(+)T cells,M1 macrophages,and dendritic cells in the spleen,and suppresses various inflammatory mediators in serum,significantly demonstrating immunological microenvironmental suppression.Compared to systemic administration routes,MN delivery improves treatment outcomes.No noticeable adverse effects on hepatic and renal functions are observed in mice after treatment.This approach enhances the effectiveness of biological therapies and has the potential for translation.展开更多
Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin configurations of magnetizations, which usually originate from the chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions and have been observed in the laboratory [1,2]. They have stimulated...Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin configurations of magnetizations, which usually originate from the chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions and have been observed in the laboratory [1,2]. They have stimulated the research interest associated with both spintronics and information storage [3, 4] and have also provided a broad stage for gauge field theory.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21101151 and 51272250)
文摘Aluminum-doped zinc oxide （ZnO：AI） films were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering in incorporating hydrogen in sputtering gas at room temper- ature. The influences of hydrogen content in sputtering gas on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO：A1 films were systematically investigated. It is found that hydrogen incorporated into ZnO lattice forms shallow donors in ZnO：A1 films and plays an important role in the properties of ZnO：A1 films. The electrical conductivity and infrared （IR） reflectance are improved due to the increase of electron carrier concentration, and the average trans- mittance decreases, which is ascribed to the strong scat- tering from the hydrogen incorporated and oxygen vacancies in ZnO：A1 films. In this study, the resistivity of 5.5 × 10-4 Ω.cm is obtained, the average transmittance of the wavelength in the range of 400-900 nm is almost 86 %, and the IR reflectance reaches 75 % at 2,500 nm, which is higher than that of reported TCO films. The band gap determined by optical absorption is a result of com- petition between Burstein-Moss effect and many-body perturbation effect. However, the hydrogen content in sputtering gas is above 10 %, and the optical band gap shift is independent of hydrogen content in sputtering gas.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21101151)the Innovative Talent Program of Institute of Electrical Engineering(No.O940171C41)
文摘In this article, the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films was systematically investigated. The structural, optical, and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscope （TEM）, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, respectively. CdS nanocubes with size of less than 500 nm and nanocrystal-lites with diameter of less than 5 nm forming in reaction solution are observed. According to the TEM results and the SEM morphological evolution of CdS films, a crystal-lite-by-crystallite growth mechanism is proposed to eluci-date the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films based on the present growth mechanism.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21101151)the Innovative Talent Program of Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. O940171C41)
文摘In this paper, sodium citrate was adopted as a complexing agent and ammonia merely served as pH adjustor to investigate the growth mechanism of CdS film The growth rate, structural properties, surface morphology microstructure, and optical properties of CdS films were studied by profilometer, X-ray diffractometer（XRD）scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission elec tron microscopy（TEM）, and spectrophotometer, respec tively. The SEM images show that CdS films prepared with higher ammonia concentration have lower nucleation density on substrate. SEM and EDS results show that the formation of Cd（OH）2is not required in the growth of CdS film. As the ammonia concentration increases, the sites tha previously adsorbed S2-are taken by OH-which leads to lower S2-density on substrate. CdS film forms through direct reaction of Cd2？with the S2-which are adsorbed on the substrate. Lower S2-density on the substrate results in the decrease of particle density on the substrate. The as deposited CdS films have relatively high-average trans mittance（＊80 %） in the wavelength range from 500 to1,000 nm which makes them suitable to be used in sola cell.
基金This study was supported by the Science and Technology Projects in Key Fields of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Tianjin Municipal Health Commission(No.2020006)the Tianjin Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Municipal Health Commission(No.2017073).
文摘Liver diseases are gradually becoming a serious threat to human health worldwide.Although a number of medications have been introduced for the prophylaxis,diagnosis,and treatment of liver diseases,several limitations and challenges remain.Traditional Chinese medicine is frequently used to treat liver diseases and well known to protect hepatocytes and inhibit inflammation,oxidative stress,and fibrosis.However,given the complex composition of traditional Chinese medicine,clarifying the mechanisms behind its curative and protective effects is difficult.In this review,research progress on traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver diseases in 2020 is summarized on the basis of the literature available in the PubMed database.Herbal extracts derived from traditional Chinese medicine,including flavonoids,polysaccharides,saponins,and alkaloids,and Chinese medicinal formulas,such as the classic decoctions Chaihu Shugan powder,Linggui Zhugan decoction,and Huanglian Jiedu decoction,have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in liver disease treatment.We summarized the findings of several studies on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese herbs used for liver disease treatment in 2020,focusing mainly on their ability to confer antiviral effects to treat hepatitis,regulate antioxidant levels and apoptosis to treat liver injury,inhibit inflammation and improve dysfunctions in amino acids and energy metabolism to treat alcoholic liver disease,reduce hepatic lipid deposition to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,promote activated hepatic stellate cells to treat liver fibrosis,inhibit the proliferation or promote the apoptosis of liver cancer cells to treat hepatocellular carcinoma,and improve bile acid metabolism to treat cholestasis.
基金financially supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2011CBA00105)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51002149 and 21101151)
文摘The metal-organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD） technique is a promising process for high-tem- perature superconductor YBa2Cu307_6（YBCO） preparation. In this technique, it is a challenge to obtain barium precursors with high volatility. In addition, the purity, evaporation characteristics, and thermostability of adopted precursors in whole process will decide the quality and reproducible results of YBCO film. In the present report, bis（2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- 3,5-heptanedionato）barium（II） （Ba（TMHD）2） was synthe- sized, and its structure was identified by PTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI-MS spectroscopy. Subsequently, the thermal properties and the kinetics of decomposition were systemati- cally investigated by nonisothermal thermogravimetric anal- ysis methods. Based on the average apparent activation energy evaluated by the Ozawa, Kissinger, and Friedman methods, the volatilization process was discussed, and all results show that Ba（TMHD）2 is unstable and highly sensitive to the change of temperature during the whole evaporation process. There- fore, it is very important to choose suitable volatilization technology and conditions for avoiding Ba（TMHD）2 break- down （or thermal aging） during MOCVD process. Subse- quently, the possible conversion function is estimated through the Coats-Redfern method to characterize the evaporation patterns and follows a phase boundary reaction mechanism by the contracting surface equation with average activation energy of 118.7 kJ.mo1-1.
基金the First Clinical Medical School Project of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2021Y10)the Bio-Pharmaceutical Major Science and Technology Special Project of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province(No.2019ZF005)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Youth Science Foundation Project(No.82104802)the Department of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province,General Project of TCM Joint Special Project(No.202101AZ070001-064)the Jiaxing Science and Technology Bureau,Applied Basic Research(No.2022AY10003)the Cangzhou Science and Technology Bureau project(No.213106042)the Department of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province,General Project of TCM Joint Special Project(No.202001AZ070001-058).
文摘Liver diseases and their co-morbidities represent a major public health problem.Owing to its progressive pathogenesis and lack of effective treatment,liver disease has become one of the most important causes of death worldwide.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has potential advantages in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases,including high safety,remarkable curative effects,and low toxicity and side effects.In 2021,TCM extracts and their derivatives,TCM compounds,and ethnic medicines showed good efficacy in the treatment of liver diseases.The main mechanisms and representative drugs of TCM can be summarized by the use of amygdalin,dicoumarol,quercetin,and ancient ephedrine decoction to treat hepatitis by inhibiting viral replication,as well as the use of Gentianae Radix,lupeol,Zornia diphylla(L.)Pers.,and Chinese patent medicine Liuwei Wuling tablet to alleviate acute liver injury by improving oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the body.In the treatment of alcoholic liver disease and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease,the mechanism of TCM is the inhibition of oxidative stress,improving metabolism,regulating intestinal microflora,and enhancing intestinal barrier function.The representative TCM for alcoholic liver disease includes astragaloside,puerarin,patchouli alcohol,and Mori Fructus polysaccharide,while those for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease include saikosaponin,dehydroabietic acid,hesperetin,berberine,and Panax Notoginseng saponins.Additionally,germacrone,forsythin,geniposide,and protocatechuic acid can inhibit the activation or migration of stellate cells and improve liver fibrosis.Toosendanin,paeoniflorin,chrysin,and the classical prescription Huanglian decoction can significantly inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cells and promote their apoptosis for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.The activation of the farnesol X receptor pathway can improve bile metabolism in the liver,thus,significantly alleviating cholestatic liver disease.Its representative drugs include the TCM extracts pterostilbene and arbutin.In this review,we summarize the advances made in research on TCM used in the treatment of liver diseases in 2021,providing a reference for further development of TCM for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2019QB010)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21705095,21775088)the Scientific Research Foundation of Qufu Normal University(No.BS D20130117).
文摘Dopamine(DA)is easy to be oxidized and polymerizes to form polydopamine(pDA)in alkaline conditions,while the synthesis is usually time-consuming(48 h).Herein,the polymerization of DA is completed with 4 h under the catalysis of acid phosphatase(ACP).The high efficiency makes the detection of DA feasibility based on the self-polymerization of DA.In this assay,pDA is grown in situ on the surface of covalent organic frameworks(COFs),and then the fluorescence of COFs is quenched significantly.The linear range of DA is achieved from 0.5-50μmol/L with a detection limit of 0.16μmol/L.The detection of DA is not interfered with uric acid,ascorbic acid,and some phenolic compounds,because these substances cannot polymerize in the presence of ACP.Moreover,benefiting from the good sensitivity and selectivity,DA has been successfully determined by this strategy in human urine samples with satisfactory recoveries.
基金supported by Jiaxing Science and Technology Bureau,applied basic research(no.2023AD11044)Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University joint project(no.2022FSYYZZ23).
文摘Background:In this investigation,we sought to evaluate the benefits of Xiaochaihu decoction(XCHD)on polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-induced viral pneumonia in mice and elucidate its mechanisms of action.Method:A viral pneumonia model was established in mice using polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid,with mice being intragastrically administered different doses of XCHD.The benefits of XCHD therapy for mice with viral pneumonia were assessed by determining the weight ratio of lung tissue,wet-to-dry,overall protein concentrations,and total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and hematoxylin and eosin staining of lung tissues.By determining the interleukin-1βlevels,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,nitric oxide,interleukin-10,and interleukin-4,and the mRNA and protein expression of nitric oxide synthase 2,arginase-1,and macrophage mannose receptor 1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,we assessed consequences of XCHD on macrophage polarization with mice suffering from viral pneumonia.Results:XCHD was found to significantly reduce lung tissue wet-to-dry and the total protein content and total number of cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,while ameliorating pathological modifications to the lung tissues of rodents suffering from viral pneumonia,thereby indicating that this medicinal preparation has a healing impact on model mice with viral pneumonia.In addition,XCHD was found to reduce the magnitudes of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,and nitric oxide and the mRNA and protein manifestation of nitric oxide synthase 2,and promote an increase in the levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-4 and the mRNA and protein expression of arginase-1 and macrophage mannose receptor 1,thereby indicating that XCHD can favorably mediate polarization of macrophages in mice with viral pneumonia.Conclusion:XCHD has notable therapeutic effects on viral pneumonia in mice,the fundamental workings of action of which may be connected to regulation of macrophage polarization.
文摘Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)mice model and its effects on the endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)signaling pathway.Methods:NASH mice model was established by methionine-choline deficient(MCD)diet induction and intragastric administration of Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction.The therapeutic effects of the decoction on NASH mice model were evaluated by measuring the body weight,hepatic index,and blood lipids and analyzing liver function-related biochemical markers,liver hematoxylin and eosin staining,and liver oil red O staining after the administration of the decoction in the mice model.Next,the levels of glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78),inositol-requiring enzyme 1(IRE1),and X-box binding protein 1(XBP1)in the liver tissue of the mice were measured using Western blotting to investigate the mechanism underlying the treatment of NASH mice model by Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction.Results:Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction improved the body weight and hepatic index;reduced the levels of total cholesterol,transglutaminase,alanine transaminase,and aspartate aminotransferase;and improved pathological changes caused by hepatocyte necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration,ballooning,and fat accumulation in the liver tissue of NASH mice model.The Western blot results showed that Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction reduced the levels of GRP78,IRE1,and XBP1 proteins in the liver tissues of NASH mice model.Conclusion:Jiangan Xiaozhi decoction has therapeutic effects on NASH mice model.The mechanism of its action may be related to the regulation of level of GRP78,IRE1,and XBP1 proteins in liver tissue and improvement of ERS.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52373138)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HUST:2023JYCXJJ052 and 2020kfyXJJS060)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.CYJ20220530160603007).
文摘The immunomodulatory efficacy of current psoriasis biological therapies is hindered by their limited ability to scavenge multiple cytokines,inefficient delivery to specific inflamed skin regions,and potential side effects.Upon analyzing samples from both patients and mice,we identify a significant increase in type Ⅳ collagen within the extracellular matrix(ECM)of psoriatic skin.Thus,we report the microneedle(MN)delivery of type Ⅳ collagen targeting peptide-modified dual-cell membrane biomimetic nanodecoys(CRHM@lip)with multiple cytokines scavenging ability for treating psoriasis.The CRHM@lip can scavenge both tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin(IL)-17.Upon MN delivery,the nanodecoys target ECM and exhibit skin retention for over 120 h.The treatment by CRHM@lip-integrated MNs reduces skin thickness in mice by 57.9%and shows decreased levels of TNF-α,IL-17,IL-23,and interferon(IFN)-γ in skin sections compared to the psoriasis group.Additionally,the CRHM@lip treatment reduces the CD4^(+)T cells,M1 macrophages,and dendritic cells in the spleen,and suppresses various inflammatory mediators in serum,significantly demonstrating immunological microenvironmental suppression.Compared to systemic administration routes,MN delivery improves treatment outcomes.No noticeable adverse effects on hepatic and renal functions are observed in mice after treatment.This approach enhances the effectiveness of biological therapies and has the potential for translation.
文摘Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin configurations of magnetizations, which usually originate from the chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions and have been observed in the laboratory [1,2]. They have stimulated the research interest associated with both spintronics and information storage [3, 4] and have also provided a broad stage for gauge field theory.
