Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads ...Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads to a significant overall yield loss.In recent years of development,the exploitation of naturally occurring fungitoxic compounds such as Sandalwood Essential Oil(SEO)has been useful in tackling various fungal species.This study demonstrates the potential of SEO as part of a storage protection strategy against C.gloeosporioides-induced postharvest anthracnose.SEO displayed a relatively higher mycelial growth inhibition rate when compared to various other essential oils.Furthermore,the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC),Minimum Fungicidal Concentration(MFC),and EC_(50)(Half maximal effective concentration)of SEO were determined to be 2000,2500,and 610.38μL/L,respectively.Moreover,the chitosan glutamate-SEO emulsion controlled the anthracnose spread for several days by multiple folds at½MIC,MIC,and 2 MIC concentrations.These results strongly support the potential for largescale production and application of SEO emulsions by agrochemical firms and post-harvest storage facilities handling Keitt mangoes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Managing refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss(RSSHL)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)presents significant therapeutic challenges,highlighting the importance of identifying effective treatment s...BACKGROUND Managing refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss(RSSHL)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)presents significant therapeutic challenges,highlighting the importance of identifying effective treatment strategies.AIM To analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of intratympanic injection plus retroauricular injection for RSSHL complicated with DM.METHODS This study included 84 patients with RSSHL complicated with DM from April 2021 to April 2024,all receiving routine treatment.Participants were categorized into the control group(40 cases),receiving an intratympanic injection of methylprednisolone sodium succinate(MPSS),and the research group(44 cases),treated with retroauricular MPSS injection the next day in addition to the treatment administered in the control group.The efficacy,adverse reactions(tympanic membrane perforation,middle ear infections,burning sensation,vertigo,and tinnitus),blood glucose(BG)[fasting BG(FBG),2-hour postprandial BG(2hPBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz),serum biochemical indexes[interleukin(IL)-6,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)],and quality of life assessed by the short-form 36 item health survey(SF-36)were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS The research group demonstrated a markedly higher total effectiveness rate(81.82%vs 60.00%,P=0.027)and a comparable incidence of total adverse reactions than the control group.Further,the research group exhibited notably reduced FBG,2hPBG,HbA1c,IL-6,CRP,and PCT post-treatment(P<0.01),which were lower compared with the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05),as well as reduced hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz,P<0.05).Furthermore,the post-treatment SF-36 scores of the research group in terms of energy,social functioning,role functioning,physical functioning,mental health,and overall health were all significantly improved than the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The above results indicate that intratympanic plus retroauricular injections of MPSS are effective in treating RSSHL complicated with DM without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions,which has a health promotion value.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)is associated with high production and excessive accumulation of pathological 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal(4-HNE),a reactive aldehyde,formed by SCI-induced metabolic dysregulation of membrane lipid...Spinal cord injury(SCI)is associated with high production and excessive accumulation of pathological 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal(4-HNE),a reactive aldehyde,formed by SCI-induced metabolic dysregulation of membrane lipids.Reactive aldehyde load causes redox alteration,neuroinflammation,neurodegeneration,pain-like behaviors,and locomotion deficits.Pharmacological scavenging of reactive aldehydes results in limited improved motor and sensory functions.In this study,we targeted the activity of mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)to detoxify 4-HNE for accelerated functional recovery and improved pain-like behavior in a male mouse model of contusion SCI.N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide(Alda-1),a selective activator of ALDH2,was used as a therapeutic tool to suppress the 4-HNE load.SCI was induced by an impactor at the T9–10 vertebral level.Injured animals were initially treated with Alda-1 at 2 hours after injury,followed by once-daily treatment with Alda-1 for 30 consecutive days.Locomotor function was evaluated by the Basso Mouse Scale,and pain-like behaviors were assessed by mechanical allodynia and thermal algesia.ALDH2 activity was measured by enzymatic assay.4-HNE protein adducts and enzyme/protein expression levels were determined by western blot analysis and histology/immunohistochemistry.SCI resulted in a sustained and prolonged overload of 4-HNE,which parallels with the decreased activity of ALDH2 and low functional recovery.Alda-1 treatment of SCI decreased 4-HNE load and enhanced the activity of ALDH2 in both the acute and the chronic phases of SCI.Furthermore,the treatment with Alda-1 reduced neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and neuronal loss and increased adenosine 5′-triphosphate levels stimulated the neurorepair process and improved locomotor and sensory functions.Conclusively,the results provide evidence that enhancing the ALDH2 activity by Alda-1 treatment of SCI mice suppresses the 4-HNE load that attenuates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration,promotes the neurorepair process,and improves functional outcomes.Consequently,we suggest that Alda-1 may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of human SCI.Animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(IACUC)of MUSC(IACUC-2019-00864)on December 21,2019.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of hepatitis E virus （HEV） and assess the potential risk factors for sporadic hepatitis E.
Cassava is a highly resilient tropical crop that produces large,starchy storage roots and high biomass.However,how did cassava’s remarkable environmental adaptability and key economic traits evolve from its wild spec...Cassava is a highly resilient tropical crop that produces large,starchy storage roots and high biomass.However,how did cassava’s remarkable environmental adaptability and key economic traits evolve from its wild species remain unclear.In this study,we obtained near complete telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies and their haplotype forms for the cultivar AM560,the wild ancestors FLA4047 and W14,constructed a graphic pan-genome of 30 representatives with a size of 1.15 Gb,and built a clarified evolutionary tree of 486 accessions.A comparison of structural variations and single-nucleotide variations between the ancestors and cultivated cassavas reveals predominant expansions and contractions of numbers of genes and gene families,which are mainly driven by transposons.Significant selective sweeping occurred in 122 footprints of genomes and affects 1,519 domesticated genes.We identify selective mutations in MeCSK and MeFNR2 that could promote photoreactions associated with MeNADP-ME in C4 photosynthesis in modern cassava.Coevolution of retard floral primordia and initiation of storage roots may arise from MeCOL5 variants with altered bindings to MeFT1,MeFT2,and MeTFL2.Mutations in MeMATE1 and MeGTR occur in sweet cassava,and MeAHL19 has evolved to regulate the biosynthesis,transport,and endogenous remobilization of cyanogenic glucosides in cassava.These extensive genomic and gene resources provided here,along with the findings on the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for beneficial traits in modern cultivars,lay a strong foundation for future breeding improvements of cassava.展开更多
This study examines the impact of vertical interlock on corporate tax avoidance in business groups using data on Chinese listed companies from 2003 to 2019.We find that vertical interlock has a negative impact on corp...This study examines the impact of vertical interlock on corporate tax avoidance in business groups using data on Chinese listed companies from 2003 to 2019.We find that vertical interlock has a negative impact on corporate tax avoidance.Our result is robust to alternative measures,difference-indifferences analysis,the Heckman two-stage sample selection method,an instrumental variable approach,change analysis and controlling for potential omitted variables.The impact of vertical interlock on corporate tax avoidance is more pronounced in firms with more related-party transactions and greater divergence between ownership and control rights.Overall,the findings suggest that vertical interlock exerts a significant influence on corporate tax behavior,providing insights into the ownership structure of business groups.展开更多
Pyran-and furanocoumarins are key representatives of tetrahydropyrans and tetrahydrofurans,respectively,exhibiting diverse physiological and medical bioactivities.However,the biosynthetic mechanisms for their core str...Pyran-and furanocoumarins are key representatives of tetrahydropyrans and tetrahydrofurans,respectively,exhibiting diverse physiological and medical bioactivities.However,the biosynthetic mechanisms for their core structures remain poorly understood.Here we combined multiomics analyses of biosynthetic enzymes in Peucedanum praeruptorum and in vitro functional verification and identified two types of key enzymes critical for pyran and furan ring biosynthesis in plants.These included three distinct P.praeruptorum prenyltransferases(PpPT1e3)responsible for the prenylation of the simple coumarin skeleton 7 into linear or angular precursors,and two novel CYP450 cyclases(PpDC and PpOC)crucial for the cyclization of the linear/angular precursors into either tetrahydropyran or tetrahydrofuran scaffolds.Biochemical analyses of cyclases indicated that acid/base-assisted epoxide ring opening contributed to the enzyme-catalyzed tetrahydropyran and tetrahydrofuran ring refactoring.The possible acid/base-assisted catalytic mechanisms of the identified cyclases were theoretically investigated and assessed using site-specific mutagenesis.We identified two possible acidic amino acids Glu303 in PpDC and Asp301 in PpOC as vital in the catalytic process.This study provides new enzymatic tools in the epoxide formation/epoxide-opening mediated cascade reaction and exemplifies how plants become chemically diverse in terms of enzyme function and catalytic process.展开更多
The high-end equipment intelligent manufacturing(HEIM) industry is of strategic importance to national and economic security. Engineering management(EM) for HEIM is a complex, innovative process that integrates natura...The high-end equipment intelligent manufacturing(HEIM) industry is of strategic importance to national and economic security. Engineering management(EM) for HEIM is a complex, innovative process that integrates natural science, technology, management science, social science, and the human spirit. Newgeneration information technology(IT), including the internet, cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, have made a remarkable influence on HEIM and its engineering management activities, such as product system construction, product life cycle management, manufacturing resources organization, manufacturing model innovation, and reconstruction of the enterprise ecosystem.Engineering management for HEIM is a key topic at the frontier of international academic research. This study systematically reviews the current research on issues pertaining to engineering management for HEIM under the new-generation IT environment. These issues include cross-lifecycle management, network collaboration management, task integration management of innovative development, operation optimization of smart factories,quality and reliability management, information management, and intelligent decision making. The challenges presented by these issues and potential research opportunities are also summarized and discussed.展开更多
The NP-hard scheduling problems of semiconductor manufacturing systems(SMSs) are further complicated by stochastic uncertainties. Reactive scheduling is a common dynamic scheduling approach where the scheduling scheme...The NP-hard scheduling problems of semiconductor manufacturing systems(SMSs) are further complicated by stochastic uncertainties. Reactive scheduling is a common dynamic scheduling approach where the scheduling scheme is refreshed in response to real-time uncertainties. The scheduling scheme is overly sensitive to the emergence of uncertainties because the optimization of performance(such as minimum make-span) and the system robustness cannot be achieved simultaneously by conventional reactive scheduling methods. To improve the robustness of the scheduling scheme, we propose a novel slack-based robust scheduling rule(SR) based on the analysis of robustness measurement for SMS with uncertain processing time. The decision in the SR is made in real time given the robustness. The proposed SR is verified under different scenarios, and the results are compared with the existing heuristic rules. Simulation results show that the proposed SR can effectively improve the robustness of the scheduling scheme with a slight performance loss.展开更多
The investigation of Morinda officinalis led to the isolation of twelve compounds(1-12),including three new iridoid glycosides morindallns A-C(1-3)and nine known compounds(4-12).Their structural identifications were c...The investigation of Morinda officinalis led to the isolation of twelve compounds(1-12),including three new iridoid glycosides morindallns A-C(1-3)and nine known compounds(4-12).Their structural identifications were conducted using HRMS,1D and 2D NMR,and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra as well as quantum chemical computations.Compound 6 displayed the most significantly agonistic activity against farnesoid X receptor(FXR)with an EC_(50) value of 7.18 μM,and its agonistic effect was verified through the investigation of FXR downstream target genes including small heterodimer partner 1(SHP1),bile salt export pump(BSEP),and organic solute transporter subunit alpha and beta(OSTα and OSTβ).The potential interaction of compound 6 with FXR was analyzed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics stimulation,revealing that amino acid residues Leu287;Thr288,and Ser332 played a crucial role in the activation of compound 6 towards FXR.These findings suggested that compound 6 could be regarded as a potential candidate for the development of FXR agonists.展开更多
The scheduling of parallel machines and the optimization of multi-line systems are two hotspots in the field of complex manufacturing systems.When the two problems are considered simultaneously,the resulting problem i...The scheduling of parallel machines and the optimization of multi-line systems are two hotspots in the field of complex manufacturing systems.When the two problems are considered simultaneously,the resulting problem is much more complex than either of them.Obtaining sufficient training data for conventional data-based optimization approaches is difficult because of the high diversity of system structures.Consequently,optimization of multi-line systems with alternative machines requires a simple mechanism and must be minimally dependent on historical data.To define a general multi-line system with alternative machines,this study introduces the capability vector and matrix and the distribution vector and matrix.A naive optimization method is proposed in accordance with classic feedback control theory,and its key approaches are introduced.When a reasonable target value is provided,the proposed method can realize closed-loop optimization to the selected objective performance.Case studies are performed on a real 5/6-inch semiconductor wafer manufacturing facility and a simulated multi-line system constructed on the basis of the MiniFAB model.Results show that the proposed method can effectively and efficiently optimize various objective performance.The method demonstrates a potential for utilization in multi-objective optimization.展开更多
To measure viscosity of magnetic fluids(MFs)in adjustable magnetic field,this paper presented a novel method using a double tube and a torque measuring motor.The inner tube was fixed and the outer tube was driven by a...To measure viscosity of magnetic fluids(MFs)in adjustable magnetic field,this paper presented a novel method using a double tube and a torque measuring motor.The inner tube was fixed and the outer tube was driven by a motor.Mathematical analysis indicated that the viscosity of MFs in the gap between the two tubes could be determined by the rotational speed.A magnetic circuit constructed by some permanent magnets and yokes provided the magnetic field for the MFs in the gap.Changing the number of the magnets could adjust the magnetic density easily.Taking the temperature’s influence on the viscosity into account,an extrapolation method was adopted to measure and control the MFs’temperature precisely.This method was calibrated by the standard liquid with the known viscosity,which showed that the mean error was less than 0.82%.This method was used to measure the viscosity of MFs composed of MnZnFeO_(4)nanoparticles,oleic acid surfactants and lubricant carrier liquid in variable magnetic field at the different temperatures.展开更多
基金funded by the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund[grant number ZDKJ2021012]the National Key R&D Programof China[grant number 2023YFD2300801]received by Fei Qiaothe Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORF-2025-751),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saud Arabia.
文摘Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads to a significant overall yield loss.In recent years of development,the exploitation of naturally occurring fungitoxic compounds such as Sandalwood Essential Oil(SEO)has been useful in tackling various fungal species.This study demonstrates the potential of SEO as part of a storage protection strategy against C.gloeosporioides-induced postharvest anthracnose.SEO displayed a relatively higher mycelial growth inhibition rate when compared to various other essential oils.Furthermore,the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC),Minimum Fungicidal Concentration(MFC),and EC_(50)(Half maximal effective concentration)of SEO were determined to be 2000,2500,and 610.38μL/L,respectively.Moreover,the chitosan glutamate-SEO emulsion controlled the anthracnose spread for several days by multiple folds at½MIC,MIC,and 2 MIC concentrations.These results strongly support the potential for largescale production and application of SEO emulsions by agrochemical firms and post-harvest storage facilities handling Keitt mangoes.
基金Supported by 2023 Science and Technology Innovation Program(Key Laboratory of Sleep Respiratory Disorders)in Huai'an,No.HAP202304。
文摘BACKGROUND Managing refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss(RSSHL)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)presents significant therapeutic challenges,highlighting the importance of identifying effective treatment strategies.AIM To analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of intratympanic injection plus retroauricular injection for RSSHL complicated with DM.METHODS This study included 84 patients with RSSHL complicated with DM from April 2021 to April 2024,all receiving routine treatment.Participants were categorized into the control group(40 cases),receiving an intratympanic injection of methylprednisolone sodium succinate(MPSS),and the research group(44 cases),treated with retroauricular MPSS injection the next day in addition to the treatment administered in the control group.The efficacy,adverse reactions(tympanic membrane perforation,middle ear infections,burning sensation,vertigo,and tinnitus),blood glucose(BG)[fasting BG(FBG),2-hour postprandial BG(2hPBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz),serum biochemical indexes[interleukin(IL)-6,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)],and quality of life assessed by the short-form 36 item health survey(SF-36)were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS The research group demonstrated a markedly higher total effectiveness rate(81.82%vs 60.00%,P=0.027)and a comparable incidence of total adverse reactions than the control group.Further,the research group exhibited notably reduced FBG,2hPBG,HbA1c,IL-6,CRP,and PCT post-treatment(P<0.01),which were lower compared with the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05),as well as reduced hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz,P<0.05).Furthermore,the post-treatment SF-36 scores of the research group in terms of energy,social functioning,role functioning,physical functioning,mental health,and overall health were all significantly improved than the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The above results indicate that intratympanic plus retroauricular injections of MPSS are effective in treating RSSHL complicated with DM without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions,which has a health promotion value.
基金supported by a grant from the State of South Carolina Spinal Cord Injury Research Fund Boardgrant No.SCIRF#2017(to MK)+2 种基金the NIH grant No.R21 NS114433(to JW and MK)supported by grants from the U.S.Department of Veterans Affairs,grant Nos.RX002090(IS)and BX003401(to AKS)The NIH Grants C06 RR018823 and No C06 RR015455 from the Extramural Research Facilities Program of the National Center for Research Resources also supported the animal work。
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)is associated with high production and excessive accumulation of pathological 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal(4-HNE),a reactive aldehyde,formed by SCI-induced metabolic dysregulation of membrane lipids.Reactive aldehyde load causes redox alteration,neuroinflammation,neurodegeneration,pain-like behaviors,and locomotion deficits.Pharmacological scavenging of reactive aldehydes results in limited improved motor and sensory functions.In this study,we targeted the activity of mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)to detoxify 4-HNE for accelerated functional recovery and improved pain-like behavior in a male mouse model of contusion SCI.N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide(Alda-1),a selective activator of ALDH2,was used as a therapeutic tool to suppress the 4-HNE load.SCI was induced by an impactor at the T9–10 vertebral level.Injured animals were initially treated with Alda-1 at 2 hours after injury,followed by once-daily treatment with Alda-1 for 30 consecutive days.Locomotor function was evaluated by the Basso Mouse Scale,and pain-like behaviors were assessed by mechanical allodynia and thermal algesia.ALDH2 activity was measured by enzymatic assay.4-HNE protein adducts and enzyme/protein expression levels were determined by western blot analysis and histology/immunohistochemistry.SCI resulted in a sustained and prolonged overload of 4-HNE,which parallels with the decreased activity of ALDH2 and low functional recovery.Alda-1 treatment of SCI decreased 4-HNE load and enhanced the activity of ALDH2 in both the acute and the chronic phases of SCI.Furthermore,the treatment with Alda-1 reduced neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and neuronal loss and increased adenosine 5′-triphosphate levels stimulated the neurorepair process and improved locomotor and sensory functions.Conclusively,the results provide evidence that enhancing the ALDH2 activity by Alda-1 treatment of SCI mice suppresses the 4-HNE load that attenuates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration,promotes the neurorepair process,and improves functional outcomes.Consequently,we suggest that Alda-1 may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of human SCI.Animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(IACUC)of MUSC(IACUC-2019-00864)on December 21,2019.
基金Supported by The 863 National High Technology Research and Development Program of China,No.2006A02Z453the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30570063
文摘AIM： To investigate the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of hepatitis E virus （HEV） and assess the potential risk factors for sporadic hepatitis E.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1000501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-CG joint foundation(3181101517)the startup funds for the double first-class disciplines of crop science in Hainan University(RZ2100003362).
文摘Cassava is a highly resilient tropical crop that produces large,starchy storage roots and high biomass.However,how did cassava’s remarkable environmental adaptability and key economic traits evolve from its wild species remain unclear.In this study,we obtained near complete telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies and their haplotype forms for the cultivar AM560,the wild ancestors FLA4047 and W14,constructed a graphic pan-genome of 30 representatives with a size of 1.15 Gb,and built a clarified evolutionary tree of 486 accessions.A comparison of structural variations and single-nucleotide variations between the ancestors and cultivated cassavas reveals predominant expansions and contractions of numbers of genes and gene families,which are mainly driven by transposons.Significant selective sweeping occurred in 122 footprints of genomes and affects 1,519 domesticated genes.We identify selective mutations in MeCSK and MeFNR2 that could promote photoreactions associated with MeNADP-ME in C4 photosynthesis in modern cassava.Coevolution of retard floral primordia and initiation of storage roots may arise from MeCOL5 variants with altered bindings to MeFT1,MeFT2,and MeTFL2.Mutations in MeMATE1 and MeGTR occur in sweet cassava,and MeAHL19 has evolved to regulate the biosynthesis,transport,and endogenous remobilization of cyanogenic glucosides in cassava.These extensive genomic and gene resources provided here,along with the findings on the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for beneficial traits in modern cultivars,lay a strong foundation for future breeding improvements of cassava.
基金financial support from the Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences of the Chinese Ministry of Education(24YJA630100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72002014,72473012)+3 种基金BFSU Double First-Class Major Signature Research Foundation(2024SYLZD008)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023TD003)the BFSU G20 Research Center Foundation(G202401005)financial support from the Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department(JYTMS20230656).
文摘This study examines the impact of vertical interlock on corporate tax avoidance in business groups using data on Chinese listed companies from 2003 to 2019.We find that vertical interlock has a negative impact on corporate tax avoidance.Our result is robust to alternative measures,difference-indifferences analysis,the Heckman two-stage sample selection method,an instrumental variable approach,change analysis and controlling for potential omitted variables.The impact of vertical interlock on corporate tax avoidance is more pronounced in firms with more related-party transactions and greater divergence between ownership and control rights.Overall,the findings suggest that vertical interlock exerts a significant influence on corporate tax behavior,providing insights into the ownership structure of business groups.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0902000)the key project at central government level:the ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources(2060302,China)+3 种基金the open foundation of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine state key laboratory of R&D of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (SUCM-QM202202,China)the fund of Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Anhui Dabie Mountain (TCMADM-2023-18,China)National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070364)Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2019RC309)
文摘Pyran-and furanocoumarins are key representatives of tetrahydropyrans and tetrahydrofurans,respectively,exhibiting diverse physiological and medical bioactivities.However,the biosynthetic mechanisms for their core structures remain poorly understood.Here we combined multiomics analyses of biosynthetic enzymes in Peucedanum praeruptorum and in vitro functional verification and identified two types of key enzymes critical for pyran and furan ring biosynthesis in plants.These included three distinct P.praeruptorum prenyltransferases(PpPT1e3)responsible for the prenylation of the simple coumarin skeleton 7 into linear or angular precursors,and two novel CYP450 cyclases(PpDC and PpOC)crucial for the cyclization of the linear/angular precursors into either tetrahydropyran or tetrahydrofuran scaffolds.Biochemical analyses of cyclases indicated that acid/base-assisted epoxide ring opening contributed to the enzyme-catalyzed tetrahydropyran and tetrahydrofuran ring refactoring.The possible acid/base-assisted catalytic mechanisms of the identified cyclases were theoretically investigated and assessed using site-specific mutagenesis.We identified two possible acidic amino acids Glu303 in PpDC and Asp301 in PpOC as vital in the catalytic process.This study provides new enzymatic tools in the epoxide formation/epoxide-opening mediated cascade reaction and exemplifies how plants become chemically diverse in terms of enzyme function and catalytic process.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71690230,71690231,71690232,71690233,71690234,and 71690235)supported by Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71521001)
文摘The high-end equipment intelligent manufacturing(HEIM) industry is of strategic importance to national and economic security. Engineering management(EM) for HEIM is a complex, innovative process that integrates natural science, technology, management science, social science, and the human spirit. Newgeneration information technology(IT), including the internet, cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, have made a remarkable influence on HEIM and its engineering management activities, such as product system construction, product life cycle management, manufacturing resources organization, manufacturing model innovation, and reconstruction of the enterprise ecosystem.Engineering management for HEIM is a key topic at the frontier of international academic research. This study systematically reviews the current research on issues pertaining to engineering management for HEIM under the new-generation IT environment. These issues include cross-lifecycle management, network collaboration management, task integration management of innovative development, operation optimization of smart factories,quality and reliability management, information management, and intelligent decision making. The challenges presented by these issues and potential research opportunities are also summarized and discussed.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant NO:71690234)
文摘The NP-hard scheduling problems of semiconductor manufacturing systems(SMSs) are further complicated by stochastic uncertainties. Reactive scheduling is a common dynamic scheduling approach where the scheduling scheme is refreshed in response to real-time uncertainties. The scheduling scheme is overly sensitive to the emergence of uncertainties because the optimization of performance(such as minimum make-span) and the system robustness cannot be achieved simultaneously by conventional reactive scheduling methods. To improve the robustness of the scheduling scheme, we propose a novel slack-based robust scheduling rule(SR) based on the analysis of robustness measurement for SMS with uncertain processing time. The decision in the SR is made in real time given the robustness. The proposed SR is verified under different scenarios, and the results are compared with the existing heuristic rules. Simulation results show that the proposed SR can effectively improve the robustness of the scheduling scheme with a slight performance loss.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81703679)the Liaoning Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2019JH2/10300022)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2020-MS-256)the Dalian Young Star of Science and Tech nology(Nos.2019RQ123 and 2019RQ116).
文摘The investigation of Morinda officinalis led to the isolation of twelve compounds(1-12),including three new iridoid glycosides morindallns A-C(1-3)and nine known compounds(4-12).Their structural identifications were conducted using HRMS,1D and 2D NMR,and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra as well as quantum chemical computations.Compound 6 displayed the most significantly agonistic activity against farnesoid X receptor(FXR)with an EC_(50) value of 7.18 μM,and its agonistic effect was verified through the investigation of FXR downstream target genes including small heterodimer partner 1(SHP1),bile salt export pump(BSEP),and organic solute transporter subunit alpha and beta(OSTα and OSTβ).The potential interaction of compound 6 with FXR was analyzed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics stimulation,revealing that amino acid residues Leu287;Thr288,and Ser332 played a crucial role in the activation of compound 6 towards FXR.These findings suggested that compound 6 could be regarded as a potential candidate for the development of FXR agonists.
基金This research was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71690230/71690234)the International S&T Cooperation Program of China(Grant No.2017YFE0101400).
文摘The scheduling of parallel machines and the optimization of multi-line systems are two hotspots in the field of complex manufacturing systems.When the two problems are considered simultaneously,the resulting problem is much more complex than either of them.Obtaining sufficient training data for conventional data-based optimization approaches is difficult because of the high diversity of system structures.Consequently,optimization of multi-line systems with alternative machines requires a simple mechanism and must be minimally dependent on historical data.To define a general multi-line system with alternative machines,this study introduces the capability vector and matrix and the distribution vector and matrix.A naive optimization method is proposed in accordance with classic feedback control theory,and its key approaches are introduced.When a reasonable target value is provided,the proposed method can realize closed-loop optimization to the selected objective performance.Case studies are performed on a real 5/6-inch semiconductor wafer manufacturing facility and a simulated multi-line system constructed on the basis of the MiniFAB model.Results show that the proposed method can effectively and efficiently optimize various objective performance.The method demonstrates a potential for utilization in multi-objective optimization.
基金supported by the research grants from Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument(15DZ2252000).
文摘To measure viscosity of magnetic fluids(MFs)in adjustable magnetic field,this paper presented a novel method using a double tube and a torque measuring motor.The inner tube was fixed and the outer tube was driven by a motor.Mathematical analysis indicated that the viscosity of MFs in the gap between the two tubes could be determined by the rotational speed.A magnetic circuit constructed by some permanent magnets and yokes provided the magnetic field for the MFs in the gap.Changing the number of the magnets could adjust the magnetic density easily.Taking the temperature’s influence on the viscosity into account,an extrapolation method was adopted to measure and control the MFs’temperature precisely.This method was calibrated by the standard liquid with the known viscosity,which showed that the mean error was less than 0.82%.This method was used to measure the viscosity of MFs composed of MnZnFeO_(4)nanoparticles,oleic acid surfactants and lubricant carrier liquid in variable magnetic field at the different temperatures.
