Location-aware applications have been used widely with the assistance of the latest positioning features in Smart Phone such as GPS,AGPS,etc.However,all the existing applications gather users' geographical data an...Location-aware applications have been used widely with the assistance of the latest positioning features in Smart Phone such as GPS,AGPS,etc.However,all the existing applications gather users' geographical data and transfer them into the pertinent information to give meaning and value.For this kind of solutions,the user's privacy and security issues might be raised because the geographical location has to be exposed to the service provider.A novel and practical solution is proposed in this article to provide the relative location of two mobile users based on their WiFi scanned results without any additional sensors.There is no privacy concern in this solution because end users will not collect and send any sensitive information to the server.This solution adopts a Client/Server(C/S) architecture,where the mobile user as a client reports the ambient WiFi APs and the server calculates the distances based on the WiFi AP's topological relationships.A series of technologies are explored to improve the accuracy of the estimated distance and the corresponding algorithms are proposed.We also prove the feasibility with the prototype of "Circle Your Friends" System(CYFS) on Android phone which lets the mobile user know the distance between him and his social network friends.展开更多
Strike-slip faults,proven to be closely linked to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,are wide-spread in the Tarim Basin Craton.Deformation patterns in the eastern part of the Central Uplift Belt of the Tarim Basin...Strike-slip faults,proven to be closely linked to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,are wide-spread in the Tarim Basin Craton.Deformation patterns in the eastern part of the Central Uplift Belt of the Tarim Basin are analyzed in detail to understand the deformation model and genetic mechanism of strike-slip faults,how their patterns impact reservoir formation and influence oil and gas potential.Regional tectonic events are taken into consideration to identify the primary factors that controlled the development of strike-slip faults in the region.The Tazhong Uplift in the eastern part of Central Uplift Belt is believed to be a complex anticlinal uplift formed by compression-and-torsion acting on the Cambrian-Middle Ordovician platform during the middle-late Caledonian period.Multi-stage development of this north-trending fault-fold belt and the NE-trending strike-slip faults make it structurally complex.The NE-trending Paleozoic strike-slip faults were formed jointly by the differential thrusting of the Tazhong Uplift along Fault No.Ⅰand the NE-trending shear sliding of the basal fault blocks during the middle-late Caledonian-early Hercynian.Based on the distribution of effective source rocks,the tectonic setting during the period critical to hydrocarbon accumulation,and the distribution of conductive faults,the northern slope of the Tazhong Upliftd-especially its west-central part where the NE-trending faults are developed is not only located close to the northern hydrocarbon source rock area but also possesses conditions suitable for the development of carbonate reservoirs.In addition,the NE-trending faults provide passage for initial development of the reservoir and the subsequent migration of oil and gas from the Aman area to the uplifted zone,making the Tazhong Uplift an extremely favorable area for oil and gas accumulation with substantial potential for exploration.展开更多
Purpose–With the yearly increase of mileage and passenger volume in China’s high-speed railway,the problems of traditional paper railway tickets have become increasingly prominent,including complexity of business ha...Purpose–With the yearly increase of mileage and passenger volume in China’s high-speed railway,the problems of traditional paper railway tickets have become increasingly prominent,including complexity of business handling process,low efficiency of ticket inspection and high cost of usage and management.This paper aims to make extensive references to successful experiences of electronic ticket applications both domestically and internationally.The research on key technologies and system implementation of railway electronic ticket with Chinese characteristics has been carried out.Design/methodology/approach–Research in key technologies is conducted including synchronization technique in distributed heterogeneous database system,the grid-oriented passenger service record(PSR)data storage model,efficient access to massive PSR data under high concurrency condition,the linkage between face recognition service platforms and various terminals in large scenarios,and two-factor authentication of the e-ticket identification code based on the key and the user identity information.Focusing on the key technologies and architecture the of existing ticketing system,multiple service resources are expanded and developed such as electronic ticket clusters,PSR clusters,face recognition clusters and electronic ticket identification code clusters.Findings–The proportion of paper ticket printed has dropped to 20%,saving more than 2 billion tickets annually since the launch of the application of E-ticketing nationwide.The average time for passengers to pass through the automatic ticket gates has decreased from 3 seconds to 1.3 seconds,significantly improving the efficiency of passenger transport organization.Meanwhile,problems of paper ticket counterfeiting,reselling and loss have been generally eliminated.Originality/value–E-ticketing has laid a technical foundation for the further development of railway passenger transport services in the direction of digitalization and intelligence.展开更多
Common y chain cytokines are important for immune memory formation.Among them,the role of IL-2 remains to be fully explored.It has been suggested that this cytokine is critically needed in the late phase of primary CD...Common y chain cytokines are important for immune memory formation.Among them,the role of IL-2 remains to be fully explored.It has been suggested that this cytokine is critically needed in the late phase of primary CD4 T cell activation.Lack of IL-2 at this stage sets for a diminished recall response in subsequent challenges.However,as IL-2 peak production is over at this point,the source and the exact mechanism that promotes its production remain elusive.We report here that resting,previously antigen-stimulated CD4 T cells maintain a minimalist response to dendritic cells after their peak activation in vitro.This subtle activation event may be induced by DCs without overt presence of antigen and appears to be stronger if IL-2 comes from the same dendritic cells.This encounter reactivates a miniature IL-2 production and leads a gene expression profile change in these previously activated CD4 T cells.The CD4 T cells so experienced show enhanced reactivation intensity upon secondary challenges later on.Although mostly relying on in vitro evidence,our work may implicate a subtle programing for CD4 T cell survival after primary activation in vivo.展开更多
Dear Editor,Macrophages play a key role in maintaining homeostasis and in mounti ng compete nt immune responses.Upon stimulation,one of the key effector functions of activated macrophages is production of inflammatory...Dear Editor,Macrophages play a key role in maintaining homeostasis and in mounti ng compete nt immune responses.Upon stimulation,one of the key effector functions of activated macrophages is production of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6(IL-6)and interleukin 12(IL-12).IL-6 and IL-12 are important for transition from innate to adaptive immunity,and thus essential for host defense against multiple pathogens(Kishimoto,2005;Trinchieri,2003).展开更多
The compressed ready-only-memory （ROM） file system （CramFS） has been widely used in Linux-based devices. However, it is a read-only filesystem which can not meet the requirement of today＇s smart mobile devices be...The compressed ready-only-memory （ROM） file system （CramFS） has been widely used in Linux-based devices. However, it is a read-only filesystem which can not meet the requirement of today＇s smart mobile devices because most of them require updating the software on the air （OTA）. This paper presents a design and implementation of write-enabled CramFS which only introduces minor architecture changes and very limited space filesystems also proves the feasibility of this solution. cost. The performance benchmark with other popular write-enabled展开更多
基金supported by HONG KONG RGC and HONG KONG PolyU under the Grant G-U752/PolyU5103/09Ethe National Natural Science Foundation of Chinaunder Grant No.61003040,No.61202354
文摘Location-aware applications have been used widely with the assistance of the latest positioning features in Smart Phone such as GPS,AGPS,etc.However,all the existing applications gather users' geographical data and transfer them into the pertinent information to give meaning and value.For this kind of solutions,the user's privacy and security issues might be raised because the geographical location has to be exposed to the service provider.A novel and practical solution is proposed in this article to provide the relative location of two mobile users based on their WiFi scanned results without any additional sensors.There is no privacy concern in this solution because end users will not collect and send any sensitive information to the server.This solution adopts a Client/Server(C/S) architecture,where the mobile user as a client reports the ambient WiFi APs and the server calculates the distances based on the WiFi AP's topological relationships.A series of technologies are explored to improve the accuracy of the estimated distance and the corresponding algorithms are proposed.We also prove the feasibility with the prototype of "Circle Your Friends" System(CYFS) on Android phone which lets the mobile user know the distance between him and his social network friends.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China projects 41972128 and 41872161a Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences grant(XDA14010402).
文摘Strike-slip faults,proven to be closely linked to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,are wide-spread in the Tarim Basin Craton.Deformation patterns in the eastern part of the Central Uplift Belt of the Tarim Basin are analyzed in detail to understand the deformation model and genetic mechanism of strike-slip faults,how their patterns impact reservoir formation and influence oil and gas potential.Regional tectonic events are taken into consideration to identify the primary factors that controlled the development of strike-slip faults in the region.The Tazhong Uplift in the eastern part of Central Uplift Belt is believed to be a complex anticlinal uplift formed by compression-and-torsion acting on the Cambrian-Middle Ordovician platform during the middle-late Caledonian period.Multi-stage development of this north-trending fault-fold belt and the NE-trending strike-slip faults make it structurally complex.The NE-trending Paleozoic strike-slip faults were formed jointly by the differential thrusting of the Tazhong Uplift along Fault No.Ⅰand the NE-trending shear sliding of the basal fault blocks during the middle-late Caledonian-early Hercynian.Based on the distribution of effective source rocks,the tectonic setting during the period critical to hydrocarbon accumulation,and the distribution of conductive faults,the northern slope of the Tazhong Upliftd-especially its west-central part where the NE-trending faults are developed is not only located close to the northern hydrocarbon source rock area but also possesses conditions suitable for the development of carbonate reservoirs.In addition,the NE-trending faults provide passage for initial development of the reservoir and the subsequent migration of oil and gas from the Aman area to the uplifted zone,making the Tazhong Uplift an extremely favorable area for oil and gas accumulation with substantial potential for exploration.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFF0304101).
文摘Purpose–With the yearly increase of mileage and passenger volume in China’s high-speed railway,the problems of traditional paper railway tickets have become increasingly prominent,including complexity of business handling process,low efficiency of ticket inspection and high cost of usage and management.This paper aims to make extensive references to successful experiences of electronic ticket applications both domestically and internationally.The research on key technologies and system implementation of railway electronic ticket with Chinese characteristics has been carried out.Design/methodology/approach–Research in key technologies is conducted including synchronization technique in distributed heterogeneous database system,the grid-oriented passenger service record(PSR)data storage model,efficient access to massive PSR data under high concurrency condition,the linkage between face recognition service platforms and various terminals in large scenarios,and two-factor authentication of the e-ticket identification code based on the key and the user identity information.Focusing on the key technologies and architecture the of existing ticketing system,multiple service resources are expanded and developed such as electronic ticket clusters,PSR clusters,face recognition clusters and electronic ticket identification code clusters.Findings–The proportion of paper ticket printed has dropped to 20%,saving more than 2 billion tickets annually since the launch of the application of E-ticketing nationwide.The average time for passengers to pass through the automatic ticket gates has decreased from 3 seconds to 1.3 seconds,significantly improving the efficiency of passenger transport organization.Meanwhile,problems of paper ticket counterfeiting,reselling and loss have been generally eliminated.Originality/value–E-ticketing has laid a technical foundation for the further development of railway passenger transport services in the direction of digitalization and intelligence.
基金We thank Drs.Li Wu,Hai Qi,and Chen Dong for providing mice and reagents and Dr.Fei Shu for help in Listeria monocytogens infection and adoptive transfer experiments.Y.S.is supported by the joint Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 81621002,31630023,31370878 and 20171312479.X.H.is supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of China National Key Research Projects 2015CB943201,National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 31821003,31725010,81661130161,91642115 and 81571580.
文摘Common y chain cytokines are important for immune memory formation.Among them,the role of IL-2 remains to be fully explored.It has been suggested that this cytokine is critically needed in the late phase of primary CD4 T cell activation.Lack of IL-2 at this stage sets for a diminished recall response in subsequent challenges.However,as IL-2 peak production is over at this point,the source and the exact mechanism that promotes its production remain elusive.We report here that resting,previously antigen-stimulated CD4 T cells maintain a minimalist response to dendritic cells after their peak activation in vitro.This subtle activation event may be induced by DCs without overt presence of antigen and appears to be stronger if IL-2 comes from the same dendritic cells.This encounter reactivates a miniature IL-2 production and leads a gene expression profile change in these previously activated CD4 T cells.The CD4 T cells so experienced show enhanced reactivation intensity upon secondary challenges later on.Although mostly relying on in vitro evidence,our work may implicate a subtle programing for CD4 T cell survival after primary activation in vivo.
基金This research was supported by Ministry of Scie nee and Tech no logy of China National Key Research Projects 2015CB943200(X.Hu)National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 31725010(X.Hu),81422019(X.Hu),81571580(X.Hu),91642115(X.Hu), 81661130161(X.Hu)+2 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China grant ZR2017MC021(Y.Shang)funds from Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences(X.Hu) funds from Shandong"Double Top"Program 564013(Y.Shang).
文摘Dear Editor,Macrophages play a key role in maintaining homeostasis and in mounti ng compete nt immune responses.Upon stimulation,one of the key effector functions of activated macrophages is production of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6(IL-6)and interleukin 12(IL-12).IL-6 and IL-12 are important for transition from innate to adaptive immunity,and thus essential for host defense against multiple pathogens(Kishimoto,2005;Trinchieri,2003).
文摘The compressed ready-only-memory （ROM） file system （CramFS） has been widely used in Linux-based devices. However, it is a read-only filesystem which can not meet the requirement of today＇s smart mobile devices because most of them require updating the software on the air （OTA）. This paper presents a design and implementation of write-enabled CramFS which only introduces minor architecture changes and very limited space filesystems also proves the feasibility of this solution. cost. The performance benchmark with other popular write-enabled
