Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)have shown remarkable prospects in solving the forward and inverse problems involving partial differential equations(PDEs).The method embeds PDEs into the neural network by calcu...Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)have shown remarkable prospects in solving the forward and inverse problems involving partial differential equations(PDEs).The method embeds PDEs into the neural network by calculating the PDE loss at a set of collocation points,providing advantages such as meshfree and more convenient adaptive sampling.However,when solving PDEs using nonuniform collocation points,PINNs still face challenge regarding inefficient convergence of PDE residuals or even failure.In this work,we first analyze the ill-conditioning of the PDE loss in PINNs under nonuniform collocation points.To address the issue,we define volume weighting residual and propose volume weighting physics-informed neural networks(VW-PINNs).Through weighting the PDE residuals by the volume that the collocation points occupy within the computational domain,we embed explicitly the distribution characteristics of collocation points in the loss evaluation.The fast and sufficient convergence of the PDE residuals for the problems involving nonuniform collocation points is guaranteed.Considering the meshfree characteristics of VW-PINNs,we also develop a volume approximation algorithm based on kernel density estimation to calculate the volume of the collocation points.We validate the universality of VW-PINNs by solving the forward problems involving flow over a circular cylinder and flow over the NACA0012 airfoil under different inflow conditions,where conventional PINNs fail.By solving the Burgers’equation,we verify that VW-PINNs can enhance the efficiency of existing the adaptive sampling method in solving the forward problem by three times,and can reduce the relative L 2 error of conventional PINNs in solving the inverse problem by more than one order of magnitude.展开更多
Backgrounds and Objective Angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for gastrointestinal angiodysplasia(GIAD).We hypothesized that the lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 axis plays a ...Backgrounds and Objective Angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for gastrointestinal angiodysplasia(GIAD).We hypothesized that the lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 axis plays a critical role in small bowel angiodysplasia(SBAD)-associated angiogenesis,which can be blocked by rifaximin.The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and pro-angiogenic effects of the lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 in SBAD and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of rifaximin on SBAD by targeting this axis.Methods The expression and pro-angiogenic effects of lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 were analysed in SBAD tissues and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).The anti-angiogenic effect of rifaximin and its impact on the lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 axis were evaluated in HUVECs.Results Increased expression of lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2 and decreased expression of miR-153-3p were detected in SBAD tissues.LncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1αwere upstream regulators of Ang-2,and this axis was involved in angiogenesis in HUVECs.Rifaximin exerted antiangiogenic effects on HUVECs by blocking this axis.Conclusions The lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 axis is critically involved in SBAD-associated angiogenesis.Rifaximin is a potential therapeutic option for SBAD via blockade of this axis.展开更多
Fluid-structure-particle interactions in three spatial dimensions happen in many environmental and engineering flows.This paper presents the parallel algorithms for the hybrid diffuse and sharp interface immersed boun...Fluid-structure-particle interactions in three spatial dimensions happen in many environmental and engineering flows.This paper presents the parallel algorithms for the hybrid diffuse and sharp interface immersed boundary(IB)method developed in our previous work.For the moving structure modeled using the sharp interface IB method,a recursive box method is developed for efficiently classifying the background grid nodes.For the particles modeled using the diffuse interface IB method,a‘master-slave’approach is adopted.For the particle-particle interaction(PPI)and particle-structure interaction(PSI),a fast algorithm for classifying the active and inactive Lagrangian points,which discretize the particle surface,is developed for the‘dry’contact approach.The results show that the proposed recursive box method can reduce the classifying time from 52seconds to 0.3 seconds.Acceptable parallel efficiency is obtained for cases with different particle concentrations.Furthermore,the lubrication model is utilized when a particle approaches a wall,enabling an accurate simulation of the rebounding phenomena in the benchmark particle-wall collision problem.At last,the capability of the proposed computational framework is demonstrated by simulating particle-laden turbulent channel flows with rough walls.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of achieving total enteroscopy by consecutive bidirectional double-balloon enteroscopy(DBE)procedures.Methods:The demographic data,indication,initial insertion route...Objective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of achieving total enteroscopy by consecutive bidirectional double-balloon enteroscopy(DBE)procedures.Methods:The demographic data,indication,initial insertion route,examination time for each insertion and the entire procedure,total enteroscopy rate,diagnostic yield and adverse events of patients who attempted to achieve total enteroscopy by consecutive bidirectional DBE procedures from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.展开更多
At 0.12 mmol/L γ-glutamyl p-nitroaniline(GGPNA),an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of γ-glutamyltransferase(GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate met...At 0.12 mmol/L γ-glutamyl p-nitroaniline(GGPNA),an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of γ-glutamyltransferase(GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT.For the improved integrated method,an integrated rate equation,which used the predictor variable of reaction time and considered inhibitions by both GGPNA and products,was nonlinearly fit to GGT reaction processes.For the integration strategy,classical initial rates were estimated when GGPNA consumption percentages were below 50%;otherwise,maximal reaction rates of GGT were estimated by the improved integrated method and converted into initial rates according to the differential rate equation at 0.11 mmol/L GGPNA.The inte-gration strategy was validated using optimized GGT kinetic parameters and 10-s intervals to record reaction curves within 8.0 min.By the integration strategy,there was a linear response from 0.9 to 32.0 U/L GGT,coefficients of variation were below 3.5%for GGT from 8.0 to 32.0 U/L(n=5) ,and GGT activities in clinical sera responded linearly to their classical initial rates at 2.00 mmol/L GGPNA with an expected slope.Therefore,the integration strategy was successful in measuring GGT at 0.12 mmol/L GGPNA.展开更多
The immersed boundary method has been widely used for simulating flows over complex geometries.However,its accuracy in predicting the statistics of near-wall turbulence has not been fully tested.In this work,we evalua...The immersed boundary method has been widely used for simulating flows over complex geometries.However,its accuracy in predicting the statistics of near-wall turbulence has not been fully tested.In this work,we evaluate the capability of the curvilinear immersed boundary(CURVIB)method in predicting near-wall velocity and pressure fluctuations in turbulent channel flows.Simulation results show that quantities including the time-averaged streamwise velocity,the rms(root-mean-square)of velocity fluctuations,the rms of vorticity fluctuations,the shear stresses,and the correlation coefficients of u'and v"computed from the CURVIB simulations are in good agreement with those from the body-fitted simulations.More importantly,it is found that the time-averaged pressure,the rms and wavenumber-frequency spectra of pressure fluctuations computed using the CURVIB method agree well with the body-fitted results.展开更多
To study the effect ofrhein on embryo development of rats and fetuscs,the SD rats were divided into rhein(87.5,175 and 350 mg/kg)group and negative control group treated with 0.5%CMC(carboxyl methyl cellulose).The rat...To study the effect ofrhein on embryo development of rats and fetuscs,the SD rats were divided into rhein(87.5,175 and 350 mg/kg)group and negative control group treated with 0.5%CMC(carboxyl methyl cellulose).The rats were administrated with rhein daily for 10 days from 6th to 15th day after pregnancy.The pregnancy rats were dissected at 20th day after pregnancy.The total weight of the fetuses,the number of corpus luteum,plant gland,absorbed fetus,live fetus,dead futus,monsters,body weight,body height and tail length were recorded.Compared with the control group,rhein group occurred with the administration of toxicity-related clinical symptoms.The changes in weight increase related with the amount ofrhein(P〈0.05)and the increased number of absorbed fetuses in each rhein group(P〈0.05)were presented.Obvious differences occurred in the rhein groups in terms of the incidence of visceral abnormalities,each organ abnormalities and fossa malformations,etc.(P〈0.05).Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the low-dose group by fetal rat bone examination(P〉0.05),while the remaining dose groups manifested various bone deformities such as sternum sections missing,incomplete ossification of the skull and thoracic vertebrae separation or deformation,which was obviously different from the control group(P〈0.01).Rhein had a significant effect on the reproductive function of pregnant rats.It can even result in the bones'and internal organs'dysplasia of fetal rats.Rhein has a significant teratogenic effect in rats.展开更多
To the Editor:Cancer,as one of the foremost health challenges in the world today,has garnered significant attention from the medical and scientific communities.As an emerging technology,3D microfluidic chips have show...To the Editor:Cancer,as one of the foremost health challenges in the world today,has garnered significant attention from the medical and scientific communities.As an emerging technology,3D microfluidic chips have shown great potentials in the treatment of various diseases.Therefore,we aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature on 3D microfluidic chips in cancer showcasing their current status,hotspots,and development trends.展开更多
The accurate computation of different turbulent statistics poses different requirements on numerical methods.In this paper,we investigate the capabilities of two representa-tive numerical schemes in predicting mean ve...The accurate computation of different turbulent statistics poses different requirements on numerical methods.In this paper,we investigate the capabilities of two representa-tive numerical schemes in predicting mean velocities,Reynolds stress and budget of turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)in low Mach number flows.With concerns on numeri-cal order of accuracy,dissipation and dispersion properties,a high-order upwind scheme with relatively good dispersion and dissipation and a second-order non-dissi-pative central scheme with perfect dissipation but poor dispersion are adopted for this comparative study.By carrying out a series of numerical simulations including Taylor-Green vortex,turbulent channel flow at Reτ=180 and turbulent flow over periodic hill at Reb=10595,it can be obtained that although the high-order upwind scheme lacks perfection of dissipation in high wave number range,it still demonstrates superior predictive capability compared with the second-order non-dissipative central scheme,especially with relatively coarse grids.Finally,by taking the high-order upwind scheme as a suitable selection for turbulence simulation,the turbulent flow over a 30P30N multi-element airfoil is investigated as an application study.After briefly comparing the simulated profiles and spectrum with reference experimental results as validation,the budget of TKE is analyzed to locate the dominant flow structures and regions.It is found that the production and dissipation terms behave in a“monopole”pattern in the locations with strong shears and wakes.Whereas the advection and diffusion terms show an“inward”pattern and an“outward”pattern,which indicate the spatial transport of TKE between the center of the shear layer and nearby locations.展开更多
We analyzed the frequency distribution characteristics of wind speeds occurring at different offshore sites within a range of 0-200 km based on the sea surface wind data captured via buoys and oil platforms located al...We analyzed the frequency distribution characteristics of wind speeds occurring at different offshore sites within a range of 0-200 km based on the sea surface wind data captured via buoys and oil platforms located along the east coast of Guangdong Province. The results of the analysis showed that average wind speed measured for each station reached a maximum in winter while minima occurred in summer, corresponding to obvious seasonal variation, and average wind speed increased with offshore distance. The prevailing wind direction at the nearshore site is the east-erly wind, and the frequency of winds within 6-10 m s^-1 is considerable with that of winds at 〉 10 m s^-1. With the in-crease of the offshore distance, the winds were less affected by the land, and the prevailing wind direction gradually became northerly winds, predominately those at 〉 10 m s^-1. For areas of shorter offshore distance （〈 100 km）, sur-face wind speeds fundamentally conformed to a two-parameter Weibull distribution, but there was a significant dif-ference between wind speed probability distributions and the Weibull distribution in areas more than 100 km off-shore. The mean wind speeds and wind speed standard deviations increased with the offshore distance, indicating that with the increase of the wind speed, the pulsation of the winds increased obviously, resulting in an increase in the ra-tio of the mean wind speed to the standard deviation of wind speed. When the ratio was large, the skewness became negative. When a relatively great degree of dispersion was noted between the observed skewness and the skewness corresponding to the theoretical Weibull curve, the wind speed probability distribution could not be adequately de-scribed by a Weibull distribution. This study provides a basis for the verification of the adaptability of Weibull distri-bution in different sea areas.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92152301)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4300200)the Shaanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2023-ZDLGY-27).
文摘Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)have shown remarkable prospects in solving the forward and inverse problems involving partial differential equations(PDEs).The method embeds PDEs into the neural network by calculating the PDE loss at a set of collocation points,providing advantages such as meshfree and more convenient adaptive sampling.However,when solving PDEs using nonuniform collocation points,PINNs still face challenge regarding inefficient convergence of PDE residuals or even failure.In this work,we first analyze the ill-conditioning of the PDE loss in PINNs under nonuniform collocation points.To address the issue,we define volume weighting residual and propose volume weighting physics-informed neural networks(VW-PINNs).Through weighting the PDE residuals by the volume that the collocation points occupy within the computational domain,we embed explicitly the distribution characteristics of collocation points in the loss evaluation.The fast and sufficient convergence of the PDE residuals for the problems involving nonuniform collocation points is guaranteed.Considering the meshfree characteristics of VW-PINNs,we also develop a volume approximation algorithm based on kernel density estimation to calculate the volume of the collocation points.We validate the universality of VW-PINNs by solving the forward problems involving flow over a circular cylinder and flow over the NACA0012 airfoil under different inflow conditions,where conventional PINNs fail.By solving the Burgers’equation,we verify that VW-PINNs can enhance the efficiency of existing the adaptive sampling method in solving the forward problem by three times,and can reduce the relative L 2 error of conventional PINNs in solving the inverse problem by more than one order of magnitude.
基金supported by the Hubei Province Natural ScienceFoundation(No.2022CFC010).
文摘Backgrounds and Objective Angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for gastrointestinal angiodysplasia(GIAD).We hypothesized that the lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 axis plays a critical role in small bowel angiodysplasia(SBAD)-associated angiogenesis,which can be blocked by rifaximin.The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and pro-angiogenic effects of the lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 in SBAD and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of rifaximin on SBAD by targeting this axis.Methods The expression and pro-angiogenic effects of lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 were analysed in SBAD tissues and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).The anti-angiogenic effect of rifaximin and its impact on the lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 axis were evaluated in HUVECs.Results Increased expression of lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2 and decreased expression of miR-153-3p were detected in SBAD tissues.LncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1αwere upstream regulators of Ang-2,and this axis was involved in angiogenesis in HUVECs.Rifaximin exerted antiangiogenic effects on HUVECs by blocking this axis.Conclusions The lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2/miR-153-3p/HIF-1α/Ang-2 axis is critically involved in SBAD-associated angiogenesis.Rifaximin is a potential therapeutic option for SBAD via blockade of this axis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12202456 and12172360)the Basic Science Center Program for“Multiscale Problems in Nonlinear Mechanics”of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11988102)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M693241)。
文摘Fluid-structure-particle interactions in three spatial dimensions happen in many environmental and engineering flows.This paper presents the parallel algorithms for the hybrid diffuse and sharp interface immersed boundary(IB)method developed in our previous work.For the moving structure modeled using the sharp interface IB method,a recursive box method is developed for efficiently classifying the background grid nodes.For the particles modeled using the diffuse interface IB method,a‘master-slave’approach is adopted.For the particle-particle interaction(PPI)and particle-structure interaction(PSI),a fast algorithm for classifying the active and inactive Lagrangian points,which discretize the particle surface,is developed for the‘dry’contact approach.The results show that the proposed recursive box method can reduce the classifying time from 52seconds to 0.3 seconds.Acceptable parallel efficiency is obtained for cases with different particle concentrations.Furthermore,the lubrication model is utilized when a particle approaches a wall,enabling an accurate simulation of the rebounding phenomena in the benchmark particle-wall collision problem.At last,the capability of the proposed computational framework is demonstrated by simulating particle-laden turbulent channel flows with rough walls.
文摘Objective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of achieving total enteroscopy by consecutive bidirectional double-balloon enteroscopy(DBE)procedures.Methods:The demographic data,indication,initial insertion route,examination time for each insertion and the entire procedure,total enteroscopy rate,diagnostic yield and adverse events of patients who attempted to achieve total enteroscopy by consecutive bidirectional DBE procedures from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30200266)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China(No.NCET-09-928)
文摘At 0.12 mmol/L γ-glutamyl p-nitroaniline(GGPNA),an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of γ-glutamyltransferase(GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT.For the improved integrated method,an integrated rate equation,which used the predictor variable of reaction time and considered inhibitions by both GGPNA and products,was nonlinearly fit to GGT reaction processes.For the integration strategy,classical initial rates were estimated when GGPNA consumption percentages were below 50%;otherwise,maximal reaction rates of GGT were estimated by the improved integrated method and converted into initial rates according to the differential rate equation at 0.11 mmol/L GGPNA.The inte-gration strategy was validated using optimized GGT kinetic parameters and 10-s intervals to record reaction curves within 8.0 min.By the integration strategy,there was a linear response from 0.9 to 32.0 U/L GGT,coefficients of variation were below 3.5%for GGT from 8.0 to 32.0 U/L(n=5) ,and GGT activities in clinical sera responded linearly to their classical initial rates at 2.00 mmol/L GGPNA with an expected slope.Therefore,the integration strategy was successful in measuring GGT at 0.12 mmol/L GGPNA.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Basic Science Center Program for“Multiscale Problems in Nonlinear Mechanics”(No.11988102)the Strategic Priority Research Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(No.XDB22040104).
文摘The immersed boundary method has been widely used for simulating flows over complex geometries.However,its accuracy in predicting the statistics of near-wall turbulence has not been fully tested.In this work,we evaluate the capability of the curvilinear immersed boundary(CURVIB)method in predicting near-wall velocity and pressure fluctuations in turbulent channel flows.Simulation results show that quantities including the time-averaged streamwise velocity,the rms(root-mean-square)of velocity fluctuations,the rms of vorticity fluctuations,the shear stresses,and the correlation coefficients of u'and v"computed from the CURVIB simulations are in good agreement with those from the body-fitted simulations.More importantly,it is found that the time-averaged pressure,the rms and wavenumber-frequency spectra of pressure fluctuations computed using the CURVIB method agree well with the body-fitted results.
文摘To study the effect ofrhein on embryo development of rats and fetuscs,the SD rats were divided into rhein(87.5,175 and 350 mg/kg)group and negative control group treated with 0.5%CMC(carboxyl methyl cellulose).The rats were administrated with rhein daily for 10 days from 6th to 15th day after pregnancy.The pregnancy rats were dissected at 20th day after pregnancy.The total weight of the fetuses,the number of corpus luteum,plant gland,absorbed fetus,live fetus,dead futus,monsters,body weight,body height and tail length were recorded.Compared with the control group,rhein group occurred with the administration of toxicity-related clinical symptoms.The changes in weight increase related with the amount ofrhein(P〈0.05)and the increased number of absorbed fetuses in each rhein group(P〈0.05)were presented.Obvious differences occurred in the rhein groups in terms of the incidence of visceral abnormalities,each organ abnormalities and fossa malformations,etc.(P〈0.05).Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the low-dose group by fetal rat bone examination(P〉0.05),while the remaining dose groups manifested various bone deformities such as sternum sections missing,incomplete ossification of the skull and thoracic vertebrae separation or deformation,which was obviously different from the control group(P〈0.01).Rhein had a significant effect on the reproductive function of pregnant rats.It can even result in the bones'and internal organs'dysplasia of fetal rats.Rhein has a significant teratogenic effect in rats.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(No.2020BCA066)
文摘To the Editor:Cancer,as one of the foremost health challenges in the world today,has garnered significant attention from the medical and scientific communities.As an emerging technology,3D microfluidic chips have shown great potentials in the treatment of various diseases.Therefore,we aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature on 3D microfluidic chips in cancer showcasing their current status,hotspots,and development trends.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12102360,92152301)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2023-JC-QN-0017).
文摘The accurate computation of different turbulent statistics poses different requirements on numerical methods.In this paper,we investigate the capabilities of two representa-tive numerical schemes in predicting mean velocities,Reynolds stress and budget of turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)in low Mach number flows.With concerns on numeri-cal order of accuracy,dissipation and dispersion properties,a high-order upwind scheme with relatively good dispersion and dissipation and a second-order non-dissi-pative central scheme with perfect dissipation but poor dispersion are adopted for this comparative study.By carrying out a series of numerical simulations including Taylor-Green vortex,turbulent channel flow at Reτ=180 and turbulent flow over periodic hill at Reb=10595,it can be obtained that although the high-order upwind scheme lacks perfection of dissipation in high wave number range,it still demonstrates superior predictive capability compared with the second-order non-dissipative central scheme,especially with relatively coarse grids.Finally,by taking the high-order upwind scheme as a suitable selection for turbulence simulation,the turbulent flow over a 30P30N multi-element airfoil is investigated as an application study.After briefly comparing the simulated profiles and spectrum with reference experimental results as validation,the budget of TKE is analyzed to locate the dominant flow structures and regions.It is found that the production and dissipation terms behave in a“monopole”pattern in the locations with strong shears and wakes.Whereas the advection and diffusion terms show an“inward”pattern and an“outward”pattern,which indicate the spatial transport of TKE between the center of the shear layer and nearby locations.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China(2013B020200013 and2016A020223015)Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Planning Project of China(201604020069 and 201607020043)
文摘We analyzed the frequency distribution characteristics of wind speeds occurring at different offshore sites within a range of 0-200 km based on the sea surface wind data captured via buoys and oil platforms located along the east coast of Guangdong Province. The results of the analysis showed that average wind speed measured for each station reached a maximum in winter while minima occurred in summer, corresponding to obvious seasonal variation, and average wind speed increased with offshore distance. The prevailing wind direction at the nearshore site is the east-erly wind, and the frequency of winds within 6-10 m s^-1 is considerable with that of winds at 〉 10 m s^-1. With the in-crease of the offshore distance, the winds were less affected by the land, and the prevailing wind direction gradually became northerly winds, predominately those at 〉 10 m s^-1. For areas of shorter offshore distance （〈 100 km）, sur-face wind speeds fundamentally conformed to a two-parameter Weibull distribution, but there was a significant dif-ference between wind speed probability distributions and the Weibull distribution in areas more than 100 km off-shore. The mean wind speeds and wind speed standard deviations increased with the offshore distance, indicating that with the increase of the wind speed, the pulsation of the winds increased obviously, resulting in an increase in the ra-tio of the mean wind speed to the standard deviation of wind speed. When the ratio was large, the skewness became negative. When a relatively great degree of dispersion was noted between the observed skewness and the skewness corresponding to the theoretical Weibull curve, the wind speed probability distribution could not be adequately de-scribed by a Weibull distribution. This study provides a basis for the verification of the adaptability of Weibull distri-bution in different sea areas.
