中国工业存在较为严重的资源错配问题已经成为学界共识,但资源错配在行业间还是行业内更为严重依旧悬而未决,行业间和行业内错配对总量生产率损失的影响如何也亟需深入了解。文章以Hsieh and Klenow(2009)模型框架为主体,引入Aoki(2008...中国工业存在较为严重的资源错配问题已经成为学界共识,但资源错配在行业间还是行业内更为严重依旧悬而未决,行业间和行业内错配对总量生产率损失的影响如何也亟需深入了解。文章以Hsieh and Klenow(2009)模型框架为主体,引入Aoki(2008)的研究逻辑,建立一个同时分解行业间和行业内资源错配的分析框架,采用1999—2013年中国工业企业数据库为样本,实证分析了行业间和行业内资源错配对行业TFP以及总量生产率的损失。研究发现:(1)资源错配指数和产出、生产率增长潜力在不同的行业部门间差异较大。在资源错配指数和TFP改善潜力上:重工业>轻工业;高技术型行业>低技术型行业>中等技术型行业;技术密集型行业>劳动密集型行业>资本密集型行业;下游行业>上游行业;垄断性行业>竞争性行业。(2)要素错配降低了工业整体产出或TFP,即使不增加投入,通过有效消除行业间以及行业内企业间的资源配置扭曲,可使得工业产出提高21.5%。(3)资源错配使得工业TFP(对数值)损失了3.79,行业间的效率损失要高于行业内企业间的效率损失,行业间效率损失占总效率损失的53.08%,行业内企业间的效率损失占46.92%。研究明确了行业间与行业内的资源错配对工业总产出损失的影响大小,为中国工业界资源错配的论断提供了微观依据,也为中国工业企业供给侧结构性改革提供了经验证据和理论指导。展开更多
In recent years,China’s sports industry has witnessed rapid development gradually forming an emerging strength in its Supply-side Structural Reform and thus increasingly being highlighted in the development of the na...In recent years,China’s sports industry has witnessed rapid development gradually forming an emerging strength in its Supply-side Structural Reform and thus increasingly being highlighted in the development of the nationa economy.Being integrated,society-based,green and sustainable,the sports industry is gaining popularity among the Chinese people.This paper studies the overall development of Chinese sports industry during the 12th FiveYear Plan period(2011-2015)and unveils the key achievements it made,such as the expansion of scale,the diversification of products and services,the improvement of industry policies,the apparent upgrading and optimization of the industry’s structure and its further integration with the Internet However,there are still some problems in the development of China’s sports industry&Chinese sports industry accounts for a fairly low proportion in the gross domestic product(GDP)and cannot yet compare with those of developed countries.Besides,given that its the sports services make up only a small share and that a supply-demand imbalance still exists in the sports products and services,its industrial structure requires further upgrading and optimization.In addition,failure to fully stimulate an innovation initiative restricts this industry’s further development.Targeting the bottleneck facing Chinese sports industry and corresponding path selection,this paper mainly analyzes its institutional mechanism reform,structural upgrading and layout product quality improvement and talent supply optimization.Based on the analysis,it is concluded that the development of Chinese sports industry is of great importance to China’s economic transformation,upgrading and healthy development and it echoes the call of Supply-side Structural Reform.展开更多
文摘中国工业存在较为严重的资源错配问题已经成为学界共识,但资源错配在行业间还是行业内更为严重依旧悬而未决,行业间和行业内错配对总量生产率损失的影响如何也亟需深入了解。文章以Hsieh and Klenow(2009)模型框架为主体,引入Aoki(2008)的研究逻辑,建立一个同时分解行业间和行业内资源错配的分析框架,采用1999—2013年中国工业企业数据库为样本,实证分析了行业间和行业内资源错配对行业TFP以及总量生产率的损失。研究发现:(1)资源错配指数和产出、生产率增长潜力在不同的行业部门间差异较大。在资源错配指数和TFP改善潜力上:重工业>轻工业;高技术型行业>低技术型行业>中等技术型行业;技术密集型行业>劳动密集型行业>资本密集型行业;下游行业>上游行业;垄断性行业>竞争性行业。(2)要素错配降低了工业整体产出或TFP,即使不增加投入,通过有效消除行业间以及行业内企业间的资源配置扭曲,可使得工业产出提高21.5%。(3)资源错配使得工业TFP(对数值)损失了3.79,行业间的效率损失要高于行业内企业间的效率损失,行业间效率损失占总效率损失的53.08%,行业内企业间的效率损失占46.92%。研究明确了行业间与行业内的资源错配对工业总产出损失的影响大小,为中国工业界资源错配的论断提供了微观依据,也为中国工业企业供给侧结构性改革提供了经验证据和理论指导。
文摘In recent years,China’s sports industry has witnessed rapid development gradually forming an emerging strength in its Supply-side Structural Reform and thus increasingly being highlighted in the development of the nationa economy.Being integrated,society-based,green and sustainable,the sports industry is gaining popularity among the Chinese people.This paper studies the overall development of Chinese sports industry during the 12th FiveYear Plan period(2011-2015)and unveils the key achievements it made,such as the expansion of scale,the diversification of products and services,the improvement of industry policies,the apparent upgrading and optimization of the industry’s structure and its further integration with the Internet However,there are still some problems in the development of China’s sports industry&Chinese sports industry accounts for a fairly low proportion in the gross domestic product(GDP)and cannot yet compare with those of developed countries.Besides,given that its the sports services make up only a small share and that a supply-demand imbalance still exists in the sports products and services,its industrial structure requires further upgrading and optimization.In addition,failure to fully stimulate an innovation initiative restricts this industry’s further development.Targeting the bottleneck facing Chinese sports industry and corresponding path selection,this paper mainly analyzes its institutional mechanism reform,structural upgrading and layout product quality improvement and talent supply optimization.Based on the analysis,it is concluded that the development of Chinese sports industry is of great importance to China’s economic transformation,upgrading and healthy development and it echoes the call of Supply-side Structural Reform.
