BACKGROUND Tacrolimus(FK506)is a key calcineurin inhibitor used to prevent organ transplant rejection and is effective in improving graft survival.However,it is linked to hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,contribut...BACKGROUND Tacrolimus(FK506)is a key calcineurin inhibitor used to prevent organ transplant rejection and is effective in improving graft survival.However,it is linked to hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,contributing to new-onset diabetes after transplantation and negatively affecting islet function.AIM To study the effects of tacrolimus on the insulin signaling pathway of hepatocytes.METHODS HL7702 cells were treated with different concentrations of tacrolimus(0.1 mg/L,1 mg/L,5 mg/L)for 24 hours.The proteins involved in insulin signaling were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS Compared with the control group,phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate(IRS)1 at Ser 307 and Ser 323 were increased significantly when the tacrolimus concentration reached 1 and 5 mg/L.Phosphorylation of IRS1 at Ser 1101 was also increased,although not significantly.However,phosphorylation of Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 at Thr 389 was decreased significantly.The levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3αSer 21 and Ser 9 were increased.Surprisingly,phosphorylation of glycogen synthase at Ser 641 was increased.There was no significant change in the activity of glycogen phosphorylase.CONCLUSION Tacrolimus has no direct effect on hepatic glucose metabolism,but inhibits IRS1-mediated insulin signaling.This may be one of the underlying mechanisms by which tacrolimus induces insulin resistance.展开更多
Interference significantly impacts the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),highlighting the need for advanced interference localization technology to bolster anti-interference and defense capa...Interference significantly impacts the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),highlighting the need for advanced interference localization technology to bolster anti-interference and defense capabilities.The Uniform Circular Array(UCA)enables concurrent estimation of the Direction of Arrival(DOA)in both azimuth and elevation.Given the paramount importance of stability and real-time performance in interference localization,this work proposes an innovative approach to reduce the complexity and increase the robustness of the DOA estimation.The proposed method reduces computational complexity by selecting a reduced number of array elements to reconstruct a non-uniform sparse array from a UCA.To ensure DOA estimation accuracy,minimizing the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB)is the objective,and the Spatial Correlation Coefficient(SCC)is incorporated as a constraint to mitigate side-lobe.The optimization model is a quadratic fractional model,which is solved by Semi-Definite Relaxation(SDR).When the array has perturbations,the mathematical expressions for CRB and SCC are re-derived to enhance the robustness of the reconstructed array.Simulation and hardware experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in estimating interference DOA,showing high robustness and reductions in hardware and computational costs associated with DOA estimation.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of interpolation error calculation of existing NURBS curves, an approximate method for the distance between a point and a NURBS interpolation curve is proposed while satisfying th...Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of interpolation error calculation of existing NURBS curves, an approximate method for the distance between a point and a NURBS interpolation curve is proposed while satisfying the accuracy of the solution. Firstly, the minimum parameter interval of the node vector corresponding to the data point under test in the original data point sequence is determined, and the parameter interval is subdivided according to the corresponding step size, and the corresponding parameter value is obtained. Secondly, the distance from the measured point to the NURBS curve is calculated, and the nearest distance is found out. The node interval is subdivided again on one side of the nearest distance. Finally, the distance between the data point to be measured and each subdivision point is calculated again, and the minimum distance is taken as the interpolation error between the point and the NURBS curve. The simulation results of actual tool position data show that this method can more accurately obtain the error of spatial NURBS interpolation curve.展开更多
Lattice distortion of materials has a profound impact on their electronic and magnetic properties,which can generate local magnetic states in intrinsically non-magnetic systems.Here we report on the realization of a o...Lattice distortion of materials has a profound impact on their electronic and magnetic properties,which can generate local magnetic states in intrinsically non-magnetic systems.Here we report on the realization of a one-dimensional(1D)magnetic stripe in monolayer H-NbSe_(2)sustained by strain along the terraces of the graphene/SiC substrates.The strength of this tensile strain is widely tunable by the height-to-width ratio of the terraces.Increasing the tensile strength leads to the shifts and splitting of the Nb 4d bands crossing the Fermi energy,generating spin polarization in a 1D magnetic stripe along the terrace.Simultaneously,the charge-densitywave signature of strained H-NbSe_(2)is significantly suppressed.Such a magnetic stripe can be locally quenched by an individual Se-atom defect via the defect-induced Jahn-Teller distortion and charge density redistribution.These findings provide a different route to achieving and manipulating 1D magnetism in otherwise non-magnetic systems,offering a new way for spintronic devices.展开更多
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the small joints of the whole body and degrades the patients’quality of life.Zhengqing Fengtongning(ZF)is a traditional Chinese medicine...Objective Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the small joints of the whole body and degrades the patients’quality of life.Zhengqing Fengtongning(ZF)is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation used to treat RA.ZF may cause liver injury.In this study,we aimed to develop a prediction model for abnormal liver function caused by ZF.Methods This retrospective study collected data from multiple centers from January 2018 to April 2023.Abnormal liver function was set as the target variable according to the alanine transaminase(ALT)level.Features were screened through univariate analysis and sequential forward selection for modeling.Ten machine learning and deep learning models were compared to find the model that most effectively predicted liver function from the available data.Results This study included 1,913 eligible patients.The LightGBM model exhibited the best performance(accuracy=0.96)out of the 10 learning models.The predictive metrics of the LightGBM model were as follows:precision=0.99,recall rate=0.97,F1_score=0.98,area under the curve(AUC)=0.98,sensitivity=0.97 and specificity=0.85 for predicting ALT<40 U/L;precision=0.60,recall rate=0.83,F1_score=0.70,AUC=0.98,sensitivity=0.83 and specificity=0.97 for predicting 40≤ALT<80 U/L;and precision=0.83,recall rate=0.63,F1_score=0.71,AUC=0.97,sensitivity=0.63 and specificity=1.00 for predicting ALT≥80 U/L.ZF-induced abnormal liver function was found to be associated with high total cholesterol and triglyceride levels,the combination of TNF-αinhibitors,JAK inhibitors,methotrexate+nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,leflunomide,smoking,older age,and females in middle-age(45-65 years old).Conclusion This study developed a model for predicting ZF-induced abnormal liver function,which may help improve the safety of integrated administration of ZF and Western medicine.展开更多
Metabolic syndrome(MetS),characterized by central obesity,insulin resistance,dyslipidemia,and hypertension,has been increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to the development and progression of colorectal...Metabolic syndrome(MetS),characterized by central obesity,insulin resistance,dyslipidemia,and hypertension,has been increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to the development and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC).This review comprehensively summarizes current evidence linking MetS to CRC risk and outcomes from mechanistic,epidemiological,and clinical perspectives.Mechanistic studies suggest that hyperinsulinemia,activation of the insulin-like growth factor axis,chronic systemic inflammation,and adipokine dysregulation create a tumor-promoting environment.Epidemiological data from large-scale cohort studies and meta-analyses consistently demonstrate a positive association between MetS and CRC incidence,with abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia identified as key components.Mendelian randomization studies further support a causal relationship between visceral adiposity and CRC risk.Clinically,MetS is associated with increased risk of recurrence and reduced overall and disease-free survival in CRC patients.Emerging evidence also indicates that persistent metabolic abnormalities may contribute to early-onset CRC.Interventions targeting metabolic health-including lifestyle modification and bariatric surgery-have shown potential in reducing CRC risk and improving outcomes.Despite these advances,heterogeneity in MetS definitions and a paucity of prospective interventional studies limit the generalizability of current findings.Further research is warranted to establish standardized diagnostic criteria,elucidate sex-and agespecific mechanisms,and integrate metabolic profiling into risk stratification frameworks for CRC prevention and management.展开更多
Cu(I)based CO adsorbents are prone to oxidation and deactivation owing to the sensitivity of Cu^(+) ions to oxygen and moisture in the humid air.In this study,in order to improve its antioxidant performance,hydrophobi...Cu(I)based CO adsorbents are prone to oxidation and deactivation owing to the sensitivity of Cu^(+) ions to oxygen and moisture in the humid air.In this study,in order to improve its antioxidant performance,hydrophobic Cu(I)based adsorbents were fabricated using polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)for the hydrophobic modification,effectively avoiding the contact of CuCl active species with moisture,thereby inhibiting the oxidation of the Cu(I)based adsorbents.The successful introduction of PTFE into the activated carbon(AC)carrier significantly improves the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent.The optimal adsorbent CuCl(6)@AC-PTFE(0.10%)with the CuCl loading of 6 mmol·g^(-1)and the PTFE mass concentration of 0.10%exhibits an excellent CO adsorption capacity of 3.61 mmol·g^(-1)(303 K,500 kPa)as well as high CO/CO_(2)and CO/N_(2)adsorption selectivities of 29 and 203(303 K,100 kPa).Particularly,compared with the unmodified adsorbents,the antioxidant performance of modified adsorbent CuCl(6)@AC-PTFE(0.10%)is significantly improved,holding 86%of CO adsorption performance of fresh one after 24 h of exposure to humid air with a relative humidity of 70%,making the fabricated composite a promising adsorbent for CO separation.展开更多
Background:The investigation of ovarian development,dysfunction,and aging is essential for female reproductive health.Despite extensive research on the cellular functions of Brefeldin A(BFA)as an intracellular transpo...Background:The investigation of ovarian development,dysfunction,and aging is essential for female reproductive health.Despite extensive research on the cellular functions of Brefeldin A(BFA)as an intracellular transport inhibitor,its specific effects and mechanisms on ovarian development/aging remain inadequately understood.Methods:Mice and porcine oocytes/granulosa cells(GCs)were treated with BFA.Morphological and omics analyses(including Western blot,real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),transcriptomics,and metabolomics)were conducted.Results:In 3-week-old female mice,BFA treatment significantly suppressed oocyte maturation,induced apoptosis,and increased estradiol and LH levels.This treatment upregulated apoptosis-related genes while downregulating proliferation-associated genes.Additionally,BFA elevated senescence markers(p21 and p26)and decreased the activity of the longevity gene SIRT6.In porcine oocytes,BFA reduced the maturation rate and lowered m RNA levels of key maturation-related genes,LHX8 and GDF9.In porcine GCs,BFA increased apoptosis and upregulated genes such as Caspase-3,BAX,and P21,while downregulating genes associated with proliferation and longevity.Similar effects were observed in 12-month-old female mice,indicating consistency across age groups.Metabolomic analysis in these mice revealed that BFA primarily impacted pathways related to steroid biosynthesis,ovarian steroidogenesis,and estrogen signaling.Transcriptomic analysis in 12-month-old female mice further demonstrated that BFA disrupted ovarian function through multiple mechanisms,including modulation of the Gn RH signaling pathway,activation of the FOXO pathway,and interference with meiosis-related gene expression.Conclusion:Our findings are pivotal for advancing the understanding of ovarian aging,dysfunctions,and diseases,and ultimately facilitate addressing BFA's potential adverse effects on reproductive health/aging.展开更多
This paper explores the reform of ideological and political education in the course“Graphic Creative Design”.Addressing issues such as insufficient integration of ideological and political education into traditional...This paper explores the reform of ideological and political education in the course“Graphic Creative Design”.Addressing issues such as insufficient integration of ideological and political education into traditional courses and rigid teaching models,this paper identifies the advantages of ideological and political education based on the characteristics of the course and proposes reform pathways and methods.By incorporating ideological and political education elements such as Chinese traditional culture,values,red culture,and professional ethics into course instruction;innovating teaching methods to establish a blended learning model;using“case studies+projects”to drive ideological and political education integration;leveraging“competition-driven learning”to strengthen professional ethics cultivation;and leveraging technological and conceptual innovations to expand the dimensions of ideological and political education.In teaching practice,modularized instruction is adopted to deeply integrate ideological and political education elements with the curriculum.Cases from outstanding designers are introduced,and real projects and competition topics are used to drive project-based training.Additionally,AIGC technology is utilized to enrich the carriers of ideological and political education,achieving the synergistic development of“professional skill enhancement”and“value concept shaping”.展开更多
Considering the impact of electromagnetic induction on neurons,this paper presents a three-dimensional(3D)memristor Hindmarsh–Rose(HR)neuron model.This model exhibits diverse hidden chaotic dynamics due to the absenc...Considering the impact of electromagnetic induction on neurons,this paper presents a three-dimensional(3D)memristor Hindmarsh–Rose(HR)neuron model.This model exhibits diverse hidden chaotic dynamics due to the absence of equilibrium points,including bifurcation phenomena,coexisting attractors,transient chaos,state transitions,and offsetboosting control.Since equilibrium points are absent in this model,all observed dynamics are classified as hidden behaviors.The complex dynamics of this neuron model are illustrated through bifurcation diagrams,Lyapunov diagrams,time series plots,and phase portraits.Furthermore,an equivalent circuit for the memristor HR neuron is constructed,and the accuracy of numerical simulations is confirmed via circuit simulation results.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is a complication of venous thrombosis.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective rescue measure for rapid hemodynamic recovery,can be used in patients for whom t...BACKGROUND Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is a complication of venous thrombosis.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective rescue measure for rapid hemodynamic recovery,can be used in patients for whom thrombolysis therapy has failed.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes an extreme rescue process for a patient with a preset inferior vena cava(IVC)filter in a relatively economically underdeveloped area with an insufficient supply of consumables.In an emergency,veno-arterial ECMO was successfully initiated by intubation through the IVC filter to the right atrial opening without displacement of the filter during the entire process.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that in resource-limited settings,femoral vein cannulation for veno-arterial ECMO is a feasible and safe option for patients with preimplanted IVC filters.展开更多
Sertoli and granulosa cells,the initial differentiated somatic cells in bipotential gonads,play crucial roles in directing male and female gonad development,respectively.The transcription factor Foxo1 is involved in d...Sertoli and granulosa cells,the initial differentiated somatic cells in bipotential gonads,play crucial roles in directing male and female gonad development,respectively.The transcription factor Foxo1 is involved in diverse cellular processes,and its expression in gonadal somatic cells is sex-dependent.While Foxo1 is abundantly expressed in ovarian granulosa cells,it is notably absent in testicular Sertoli cells.Nevertheless,its function in gonadal somatic cell differentiation remains elusive.In this study,we find that ectopic expression of Foxo1 in Sertoli cells leads to defects in testes development.Further study uncovers that the ectopic expression of Foxo1 induces the abundant expression of Foxl2 in Sertoli cells,along with the upregulation of other female-specific genes.In contrast,the expression of male-specific genes is reduced.Mechanistic studies indicate that Foxo1 directly binds to the promoter region of Foxl2,inducing its expression.Our findings highlight that Foxo1 serves as a key regulator for the lineage maintenance of ovarian granulosa cells.This study contributes valuable insights into understanding the regulatory mechanisms governing the lineage maintenance of gonadal somatic cells.展开更多
Transition metal(oxy)hydroxides are potential oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts;however,simultaneously modulating multiple factors to enhance their performance is a grand challenge.Here,we report an incor...Transition metal(oxy)hydroxides are potential oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts;however,simultaneously modulating multiple factors to enhance their performance is a grand challenge.Here,we report an incorporating heteroatom strategy via one-step hydrothermal approach to adjust more than one factor of Mn-doped NiFe(oxy)hydroxide(Mn-NiFeOOH/LDH)heterojunction.Mn doping regulates heterojunction morphology(reducing nanoparticles and becoming thinner and denser nanosheets),Ni/Fe ratio and valence states(Ni^(2+),Ni^(3+),and Ni^(3+Δ))of Ni ions.The former could effectively increase surface active sites,and the latter two reduce the content of Fe in the Mnx-NiFeOOH/LDH heterojunction,en-abling more Ni^(2+)convert to Ni^(3+/3+Δ)that have higher intrinsic OER activity.As a result,the first-rank Mn-NiFeOOH/LDH with ultra-low overpotential of 185 mV@20 mA cm^(-2) and 296 mV@500 mA cm^(-2),and the improved OER performance are outdo to those of commercial RuO_(2) catalyst for OER.Moreover,the Mn-NiFeOOH/LDH affords the earliest initial potential(1.392 V vs.RHE),corresponds to a recorded low overpotential(162 mV).Based on the density functional theory(DFT),Mn dopants can alter intermedi-ate adsorption energy and effectively decrease∗OOH’s energy barrier.This research exhibits a feasible strategy to design low cost electrocatalysts and provide new possibilities for future industrialization.展开更多
Marginal Fisher analysis(MFA)stands out as a prominent dimensionality reduction algorithm,striving to minimize within-class scatter while maximizing the separability between marginal data points.However,MFA and its va...Marginal Fisher analysis(MFA)stands out as a prominent dimensionality reduction algorithm,striving to minimize within-class scatter while maximizing the separability between marginal data points.However,MFA and its variants require substantial computational resources when dealing with large-scale data.To address this,we propose quantum algorithms for MFA(called QMFA).QMFA is composed of two core processes:the first is the efficient construction of the weight matrices for the intrinsic and penalty graphs,and the second is solving the generalized eigenvalue problem(GEP)using the block-encoding technique.Compared to classical MFA,the proposed QMFA achieves a polynomial acceleration in the number of samples and exponential acceleration in the dimensionality.Additionally,we investigate quantum algorithms for different variants of MFA.Specifically,for enhanced MFA and multiple MFA,we address the construction of the related weight matrix,which differs from that in standard MFA.For kernel MFA,we solve the GEP associated with the corresponding kernel matrix.The proposed quantum algorithms achieve a speedup equivalent to that of QMFA.展开更多
Background : Traditional DNA microinjection methods used in mammals are difficult to apply to avian species due to their unique reproductive characteristics. Genetic manipulation in chickens, particularly involving im...Background : Traditional DNA microinjection methods used in mammals are difficult to apply to avian species due to their unique reproductive characteristics. Genetic manipulation in chickens, particularly involving immature follicles within living ovaries, has not been extensively explored. This study seeks to establish an efficient method for generating transgenic chickens through ovarian injection, potentially bypassing the challenges associated with primordial germ cell (PGC) manipulation and fertilized egg microinjection. Methods : Hens were anesthetized and underwent a surgical procedure to access the ovary for DNA injection into immature follicles. The study used liposomes to deliver GFP- expressing plasmids at various dosages. After injection, hens recovered, and their eggs were fertilized through artificial insemination. Results : Transgenic chickens were successfully generated in one generation without needing G0 founders. The injection of 20 μg plasmid yielded the highest transgenic efficiency at 12.1%. GFP- positive embryos were confirmed through microscopy, and successful transgene expression was validated at the tissue level using immunostaining. TERT and GFP elements introduced in the G1 generation resulted in 4.1% positive transgene rates, as confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting. Conclusion : This ovarian injection method offers a promising alternative for avian genetic manipulation, bypassing complex PGC procedures and enabling direct generation of G1 transgenic chickens. This technique simplifies the transgenic process for chickens and has the potential to be adapted for other avian species, especially those without established PGCs culture systems.展开更多
Battery health evaluation and management are vital for the long-term reliability and optimal performance of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)offers valuable insight...Battery health evaluation and management are vital for the long-term reliability and optimal performance of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)offers valuable insights into battery degradation analysis and modeling.However,previous studies have not adequately addressed the impedance uncertainties,particularly during battery operating conditions,which can substantially impact the robustness and accuracy of state of health(SOH)estimation.Motivated by this,this paper proposes a comprehensive feature optimization scheme that integrates impedance validity assessment with correlation analysis.By utilizing metrics such as impedance residuals and correlation coefficients,the proposed method effectively filters out invalid and insignificant impedance data,thereby enhancing the reliability of the input features.Subsequently,the extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)modeling framework is constructed for estimating the battery degradation trajectories.The XGBoost model incorporates a diverse range of hyperparameters,optimized by a genetic algorithm to improve its adaptability and generalization performance.Experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of the proposed feature optimization scheme,demonstrating the superior estimation performance of the proposed method in comparison with four baseline techniques.展开更多
This study investigates the spatial distribution and regulatory mechanisms of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) in Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea, addressing critical gaps in carbon cycling research within semi-enclosed ...This study investigates the spatial distribution and regulatory mechanisms of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) in Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea, addressing critical gaps in carbon cycling research within semi-enclosed bays. Through isotopic analysis(δ^(13)C_(DIC), δD and δ^(18)O) and hydrochemical measurements [salinity and dissolved oxygen(DO)] of surface and bottom seawater samples from 52 stations, we demonstrate that δ^(13)C_(DIC) values(surface:-3.6‰ to-2.1‰;bottom:-3.6‰ to-1.8‰) exhibit distinct vertical and spatial patterns, with higher values in surface waters and outer bay regions compared to bottom and inner bay areas. Conservative mixing between seawater(average contribution:56%) and freshwater dominates DIC dynamics, while tidal hydrodynamics amplify the imprint of riverine inputs during low tides. Nutrient gradients driven by saline-freshwater mixing enhance primary productivity in outer bay regions,resulting in 13C-enriched DIC and elevated dissolved organic carbon(DOC) concentrations. Conversely, bottom waters show 13C-depleted signatures(-2.75‰ mean δ^(13)C_(DIC)), reflecting organic matter degradation under oxygen-depleted conditions. Aquaculture activities exacerbate localized eutrophication, with monsoon-enhanced runoff amplifying anthropogenic impacts. This work underscores the sensitivity of coastal carbon cycling to both natural hydrodynamics and anthropogenic perturbations in semi-enclosed bays.展开更多
The quantum alternating operator ansatz algorithm(QAOA+)is widely used for constrained combinatorial optimization problems(CCOPs)due to its ability to construct feasible solution spaces.In this paper,we propose a prog...The quantum alternating operator ansatz algorithm(QAOA+)is widely used for constrained combinatorial optimization problems(CCOPs)due to its ability to construct feasible solution spaces.In this paper,we propose a progressive quantum algorithm(PQA)to reduce qubit requirements for QAOA+in solving the maximum independent set(MIS)problem.PQA iteratively constructs a subgraph likely to include the MIS solution of the original graph and solves the problem on it to approximate the global solution.Specifically,PQA starts with a small-scale subgraph and progressively expands its graph size utilizing heuristic expansion strategies.After each expansion,PQA solves the MIS problem on the newly generated subgraph using QAOA+.In each run,PQA repeats the expansion and solving process until a predefined stopping condition is reached.Simulation results show that PQA achieves an approximation ratio of 0.95 using only 5.57%(2.17%)of the qubits and 17.59%(6.43%)of the runtime compared with directly solving the original problem with QAOA+on Erd?s-Rényi(3-regular)graphs,highlighting the efficiency and scalability of PQA.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Tacrolimus(FK506)is a key calcineurin inhibitor used to prevent organ transplant rejection and is effective in improving graft survival.However,it is linked to hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,contributing to new-onset diabetes after transplantation and negatively affecting islet function.AIM To study the effects of tacrolimus on the insulin signaling pathway of hepatocytes.METHODS HL7702 cells were treated with different concentrations of tacrolimus(0.1 mg/L,1 mg/L,5 mg/L)for 24 hours.The proteins involved in insulin signaling were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS Compared with the control group,phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate(IRS)1 at Ser 307 and Ser 323 were increased significantly when the tacrolimus concentration reached 1 and 5 mg/L.Phosphorylation of IRS1 at Ser 1101 was also increased,although not significantly.However,phosphorylation of Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 at Thr 389 was decreased significantly.The levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3αSer 21 and Ser 9 were increased.Surprisingly,phosphorylation of glycogen synthase at Ser 641 was increased.There was no significant change in the activity of glycogen phosphorylase.CONCLUSION Tacrolimus has no direct effect on hepatic glucose metabolism,but inhibits IRS1-mediated insulin signaling.This may be one of the underlying mechanisms by which tacrolimus induces insulin resistance.
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3907001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2233217,62371029)the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC),China(Nos.EP/M026981/1,EP/T021063/1 and EP/T024917/)。
文摘Interference significantly impacts the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),highlighting the need for advanced interference localization technology to bolster anti-interference and defense capabilities.The Uniform Circular Array(UCA)enables concurrent estimation of the Direction of Arrival(DOA)in both azimuth and elevation.Given the paramount importance of stability and real-time performance in interference localization,this work proposes an innovative approach to reduce the complexity and increase the robustness of the DOA estimation.The proposed method reduces computational complexity by selecting a reduced number of array elements to reconstruct a non-uniform sparse array from a UCA.To ensure DOA estimation accuracy,minimizing the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB)is the objective,and the Spatial Correlation Coefficient(SCC)is incorporated as a constraint to mitigate side-lobe.The optimization model is a quadratic fractional model,which is solved by Semi-Definite Relaxation(SDR).When the array has perturbations,the mathematical expressions for CRB and SCC are re-derived to enhance the robustness of the reconstructed array.Simulation and hardware experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in estimating interference DOA,showing high robustness and reductions in hardware and computational costs associated with DOA estimation.
文摘Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of interpolation error calculation of existing NURBS curves, an approximate method for the distance between a point and a NURBS interpolation curve is proposed while satisfying the accuracy of the solution. Firstly, the minimum parameter interval of the node vector corresponding to the data point under test in the original data point sequence is determined, and the parameter interval is subdivided according to the corresponding step size, and the corresponding parameter value is obtained. Secondly, the distance from the measured point to the NURBS curve is calculated, and the nearest distance is found out. The node interval is subdivided again on one side of the nearest distance. Finally, the distance between the data point to be measured and each subdivision point is calculated again, and the minimum distance is taken as the interpolation error between the point and the NURBS curve. The simulation results of actual tool position data show that this method can more accurately obtain the error of spatial NURBS interpolation curve.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1402602,2022YFA1402502,2021YFA1400103,2020YFA0308802,and 2024YFA1611300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92163206,12274026,12321004,12304205,11934003,12393831,and U2230402)+1 种基金Beijing Association for Science and Technology Youth Talent Lift Program,MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033(Grant No.PID2022-140845OB-C66)FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa。
文摘Lattice distortion of materials has a profound impact on their electronic and magnetic properties,which can generate local magnetic states in intrinsically non-magnetic systems.Here we report on the realization of a one-dimensional(1D)magnetic stripe in monolayer H-NbSe_(2)sustained by strain along the terraces of the graphene/SiC substrates.The strength of this tensile strain is widely tunable by the height-to-width ratio of the terraces.Increasing the tensile strength leads to the shifts and splitting of the Nb 4d bands crossing the Fermi energy,generating spin polarization in a 1D magnetic stripe along the terrace.Simultaneously,the charge-densitywave signature of strained H-NbSe_(2)is significantly suppressed.Such a magnetic stripe can be locally quenched by an individual Se-atom defect via the defect-induced Jahn-Teller distortion and charge density redistribution.These findings provide a different route to achieving and manipulating 1D magnetism in otherwise non-magnetic systems,offering a new way for spintronic devices.
基金supported by the Budgeted Fund of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Natural Science)(No.2021LK037)the Open Project of Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation(No.2021-ZY-03).
文摘Objective Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the small joints of the whole body and degrades the patients’quality of life.Zhengqing Fengtongning(ZF)is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation used to treat RA.ZF may cause liver injury.In this study,we aimed to develop a prediction model for abnormal liver function caused by ZF.Methods This retrospective study collected data from multiple centers from January 2018 to April 2023.Abnormal liver function was set as the target variable according to the alanine transaminase(ALT)level.Features were screened through univariate analysis and sequential forward selection for modeling.Ten machine learning and deep learning models were compared to find the model that most effectively predicted liver function from the available data.Results This study included 1,913 eligible patients.The LightGBM model exhibited the best performance(accuracy=0.96)out of the 10 learning models.The predictive metrics of the LightGBM model were as follows:precision=0.99,recall rate=0.97,F1_score=0.98,area under the curve(AUC)=0.98,sensitivity=0.97 and specificity=0.85 for predicting ALT<40 U/L;precision=0.60,recall rate=0.83,F1_score=0.70,AUC=0.98,sensitivity=0.83 and specificity=0.97 for predicting 40≤ALT<80 U/L;and precision=0.83,recall rate=0.63,F1_score=0.71,AUC=0.97,sensitivity=0.63 and specificity=1.00 for predicting ALT≥80 U/L.ZF-induced abnormal liver function was found to be associated with high total cholesterol and triglyceride levels,the combination of TNF-αinhibitors,JAK inhibitors,methotrexate+nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,leflunomide,smoking,older age,and females in middle-age(45-65 years old).Conclusion This study developed a model for predicting ZF-induced abnormal liver function,which may help improve the safety of integrated administration of ZF and Western medicine.
文摘Metabolic syndrome(MetS),characterized by central obesity,insulin resistance,dyslipidemia,and hypertension,has been increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to the development and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC).This review comprehensively summarizes current evidence linking MetS to CRC risk and outcomes from mechanistic,epidemiological,and clinical perspectives.Mechanistic studies suggest that hyperinsulinemia,activation of the insulin-like growth factor axis,chronic systemic inflammation,and adipokine dysregulation create a tumor-promoting environment.Epidemiological data from large-scale cohort studies and meta-analyses consistently demonstrate a positive association between MetS and CRC incidence,with abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia identified as key components.Mendelian randomization studies further support a causal relationship between visceral adiposity and CRC risk.Clinically,MetS is associated with increased risk of recurrence and reduced overall and disease-free survival in CRC patients.Emerging evidence also indicates that persistent metabolic abnormalities may contribute to early-onset CRC.Interventions targeting metabolic health-including lifestyle modification and bariatric surgery-have shown potential in reducing CRC risk and improving outcomes.Despite these advances,heterogeneity in MetS definitions and a paucity of prospective interventional studies limit the generalizability of current findings.Further research is warranted to establish standardized diagnostic criteria,elucidate sex-and agespecific mechanisms,and integrate metabolic profiling into risk stratification frameworks for CRC prevention and management.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MB135)the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2021ZDSYS13).
文摘Cu(I)based CO adsorbents are prone to oxidation and deactivation owing to the sensitivity of Cu^(+) ions to oxygen and moisture in the humid air.In this study,in order to improve its antioxidant performance,hydrophobic Cu(I)based adsorbents were fabricated using polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)for the hydrophobic modification,effectively avoiding the contact of CuCl active species with moisture,thereby inhibiting the oxidation of the Cu(I)based adsorbents.The successful introduction of PTFE into the activated carbon(AC)carrier significantly improves the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent.The optimal adsorbent CuCl(6)@AC-PTFE(0.10%)with the CuCl loading of 6 mmol·g^(-1)and the PTFE mass concentration of 0.10%exhibits an excellent CO adsorption capacity of 3.61 mmol·g^(-1)(303 K,500 kPa)as well as high CO/CO_(2)and CO/N_(2)adsorption selectivities of 29 and 203(303 K,100 kPa).Particularly,compared with the unmodified adsorbents,the antioxidant performance of modified adsorbent CuCl(6)@AC-PTFE(0.10%)is significantly improved,holding 86%of CO adsorption performance of fresh one after 24 h of exposure to humid air with a relative humidity of 70%,making the fabricated composite a promising adsorbent for CO separation.
基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2023A1515030054,2024A1515012999 and 2024B1515020112Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou,Grant/Award Number:2024B03J1305。
文摘Background:The investigation of ovarian development,dysfunction,and aging is essential for female reproductive health.Despite extensive research on the cellular functions of Brefeldin A(BFA)as an intracellular transport inhibitor,its specific effects and mechanisms on ovarian development/aging remain inadequately understood.Methods:Mice and porcine oocytes/granulosa cells(GCs)were treated with BFA.Morphological and omics analyses(including Western blot,real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),transcriptomics,and metabolomics)were conducted.Results:In 3-week-old female mice,BFA treatment significantly suppressed oocyte maturation,induced apoptosis,and increased estradiol and LH levels.This treatment upregulated apoptosis-related genes while downregulating proliferation-associated genes.Additionally,BFA elevated senescence markers(p21 and p26)and decreased the activity of the longevity gene SIRT6.In porcine oocytes,BFA reduced the maturation rate and lowered m RNA levels of key maturation-related genes,LHX8 and GDF9.In porcine GCs,BFA increased apoptosis and upregulated genes such as Caspase-3,BAX,and P21,while downregulating genes associated with proliferation and longevity.Similar effects were observed in 12-month-old female mice,indicating consistency across age groups.Metabolomic analysis in these mice revealed that BFA primarily impacted pathways related to steroid biosynthesis,ovarian steroidogenesis,and estrogen signaling.Transcriptomic analysis in 12-month-old female mice further demonstrated that BFA disrupted ovarian function through multiple mechanisms,including modulation of the Gn RH signaling pathway,activation of the FOXO pathway,and interference with meiosis-related gene expression.Conclusion:Our findings are pivotal for advancing the understanding of ovarian aging,dysfunctions,and diseases,and ultimately facilitate addressing BFA's potential adverse effects on reproductive health/aging.
基金Undergraduate Teaching Research and Reform Project,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Exploration of Ideological and Political Education Reform in the“Graphic Creative Design”Course(Project No.:10-23-309-603)。
文摘This paper explores the reform of ideological and political education in the course“Graphic Creative Design”.Addressing issues such as insufficient integration of ideological and political education into traditional courses and rigid teaching models,this paper identifies the advantages of ideological and political education based on the characteristics of the course and proposes reform pathways and methods.By incorporating ideological and political education elements such as Chinese traditional culture,values,red culture,and professional ethics into course instruction;innovating teaching methods to establish a blended learning model;using“case studies+projects”to drive ideological and political education integration;leveraging“competition-driven learning”to strengthen professional ethics cultivation;and leveraging technological and conceptual innovations to expand the dimensions of ideological and political education.In teaching practice,modularized instruction is adopted to deeply integrate ideological and political education elements with the curriculum.Cases from outstanding designers are introduced,and real projects and competition topics are used to drive project-based training.Additionally,AIGC technology is utilized to enrich the carriers of ideological and political education,achieving the synergistic development of“professional skill enhancement”and“value concept shaping”.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2024MF106)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.ZR2023MF004 and ZR2022MA073)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62371274 and 62401346)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M742138)the Postdoctoral Innovation Project of Shandong Province(Grant No.SDCX-ZG-202400311)the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao Municipality(Grant No.23-2-1-151-zyydjch)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Innovation Project(Grant No.QDBSH20230202012)in part by the Elite Project of Shandong University of Science and Technology。
文摘Considering the impact of electromagnetic induction on neurons,this paper presents a three-dimensional(3D)memristor Hindmarsh–Rose(HR)neuron model.This model exhibits diverse hidden chaotic dynamics due to the absence of equilibrium points,including bifurcation phenomena,coexisting attractors,transient chaos,state transitions,and offsetboosting control.Since equilibrium points are absent in this model,all observed dynamics are classified as hidden behaviors.The complex dynamics of this neuron model are illustrated through bifurcation diagrams,Lyapunov diagrams,time series plots,and phase portraits.Furthermore,an equivalent circuit for the memristor HR neuron is constructed,and the accuracy of numerical simulations is confirmed via circuit simulation results.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is a complication of venous thrombosis.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective rescue measure for rapid hemodynamic recovery,can be used in patients for whom thrombolysis therapy has failed.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes an extreme rescue process for a patient with a preset inferior vena cava(IVC)filter in a relatively economically underdeveloped area with an insufficient supply of consumables.In an emergency,veno-arterial ECMO was successfully initiated by intubation through the IVC filter to the right atrial opening without displacement of the filter during the entire process.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that in resource-limited settings,femoral vein cannulation for veno-arterial ECMO is a feasible and safe option for patients with preimplanted IVC filters.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0820000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82421003,32270902,32170855)+1 种基金the Faculty Resources Project of the College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University(2022-104)Initiative Scientific Research Program,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(20231OZ0102).
文摘Sertoli and granulosa cells,the initial differentiated somatic cells in bipotential gonads,play crucial roles in directing male and female gonad development,respectively.The transcription factor Foxo1 is involved in diverse cellular processes,and its expression in gonadal somatic cells is sex-dependent.While Foxo1 is abundantly expressed in ovarian granulosa cells,it is notably absent in testicular Sertoli cells.Nevertheless,its function in gonadal somatic cell differentiation remains elusive.In this study,we find that ectopic expression of Foxo1 in Sertoli cells leads to defects in testes development.Further study uncovers that the ectopic expression of Foxo1 induces the abundant expression of Foxl2 in Sertoli cells,along with the upregulation of other female-specific genes.In contrast,the expression of male-specific genes is reduced.Mechanistic studies indicate that Foxo1 directly binds to the promoter region of Foxl2,inducing its expression.Our findings highlight that Foxo1 serves as a key regulator for the lineage maintenance of ovarian granulosa cells.This study contributes valuable insights into understanding the regulatory mechanisms governing the lineage maintenance of gonadal somatic cells.
基金funding support by the Changsha Natural Science Foundation(grant no.kq2208023)National Natural Scientific Foundation of China(grant no.12074113).
文摘Transition metal(oxy)hydroxides are potential oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts;however,simultaneously modulating multiple factors to enhance their performance is a grand challenge.Here,we report an incorporating heteroatom strategy via one-step hydrothermal approach to adjust more than one factor of Mn-doped NiFe(oxy)hydroxide(Mn-NiFeOOH/LDH)heterojunction.Mn doping regulates heterojunction morphology(reducing nanoparticles and becoming thinner and denser nanosheets),Ni/Fe ratio and valence states(Ni^(2+),Ni^(3+),and Ni^(3+Δ))of Ni ions.The former could effectively increase surface active sites,and the latter two reduce the content of Fe in the Mnx-NiFeOOH/LDH heterojunction,en-abling more Ni^(2+)convert to Ni^(3+/3+Δ)that have higher intrinsic OER activity.As a result,the first-rank Mn-NiFeOOH/LDH with ultra-low overpotential of 185 mV@20 mA cm^(-2) and 296 mV@500 mA cm^(-2),and the improved OER performance are outdo to those of commercial RuO_(2) catalyst for OER.Moreover,the Mn-NiFeOOH/LDH affords the earliest initial potential(1.392 V vs.RHE),corresponds to a recorded low overpotential(162 mV).Based on the density functional theory(DFT),Mn dopants can alter intermedi-ate adsorption energy and effectively decrease∗OOH’s energy barrier.This research exhibits a feasible strategy to design low cost electrocatalysts and provide new possibilities for future industrialization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62372048,62371069,62272056,and U25B2014)。
文摘Marginal Fisher analysis(MFA)stands out as a prominent dimensionality reduction algorithm,striving to minimize within-class scatter while maximizing the separability between marginal data points.However,MFA and its variants require substantial computational resources when dealing with large-scale data.To address this,we propose quantum algorithms for MFA(called QMFA).QMFA is composed of two core processes:the first is the efficient construction of the weight matrices for the intrinsic and penalty graphs,and the second is solving the generalized eigenvalue problem(GEP)using the block-encoding technique.Compared to classical MFA,the proposed QMFA achieves a polynomial acceleration in the number of samples and exponential acceleration in the dimensionality.Additionally,we investigate quantum algorithms for different variants of MFA.Specifically,for enhanced MFA and multiple MFA,we address the construction of the related weight matrix,which differs from that in standard MFA.For kernel MFA,we solve the GEP associated with the corresponding kernel matrix.The proposed quantum algorithms achieve a speedup equivalent to that of QMFA.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2023YFF1000204National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32172715,32230105 and 32330103+2 种基金The Innovative Project of State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding,Grant/Award Number:2024SKLAB1-2/9Chinese Universities Scientific Fund,Grant/Award Number:2024TC167The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University。
文摘Background : Traditional DNA microinjection methods used in mammals are difficult to apply to avian species due to their unique reproductive characteristics. Genetic manipulation in chickens, particularly involving immature follicles within living ovaries, has not been extensively explored. This study seeks to establish an efficient method for generating transgenic chickens through ovarian injection, potentially bypassing the challenges associated with primordial germ cell (PGC) manipulation and fertilized egg microinjection. Methods : Hens were anesthetized and underwent a surgical procedure to access the ovary for DNA injection into immature follicles. The study used liposomes to deliver GFP- expressing plasmids at various dosages. After injection, hens recovered, and their eggs were fertilized through artificial insemination. Results : Transgenic chickens were successfully generated in one generation without needing G0 founders. The injection of 20 μg plasmid yielded the highest transgenic efficiency at 12.1%. GFP- positive embryos were confirmed through microscopy, and successful transgene expression was validated at the tissue level using immunostaining. TERT and GFP elements introduced in the G1 generation resulted in 4.1% positive transgene rates, as confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting. Conclusion : This ovarian injection method offers a promising alternative for avian genetic manipulation, bypassing complex PGC procedures and enabling direct generation of G1 transgenic chickens. This technique simplifies the transgenic process for chickens and has the potential to be adapted for other avian species, especially those without established PGCs culture systems.
文摘Battery health evaluation and management are vital for the long-term reliability and optimal performance of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)offers valuable insights into battery degradation analysis and modeling.However,previous studies have not adequately addressed the impedance uncertainties,particularly during battery operating conditions,which can substantially impact the robustness and accuracy of state of health(SOH)estimation.Motivated by this,this paper proposes a comprehensive feature optimization scheme that integrates impedance validity assessment with correlation analysis.By utilizing metrics such as impedance residuals and correlation coefficients,the proposed method effectively filters out invalid and insignificant impedance data,thereby enhancing the reliability of the input features.Subsequently,the extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)modeling framework is constructed for estimating the battery degradation trajectories.The XGBoost model incorporates a diverse range of hyperparameters,optimized by a genetic algorithm to improve its adaptability and generalization performance.Experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of the proposed feature optimization scheme,demonstrating the superior estimation performance of the proposed method in comparison with four baseline techniques.
基金The National Key R&D Program of China under contract No. 2022YFE0209300National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 42176091+1 种基金Asia Cooperation Fund of China (Comparative Study of Geoenvironment and Geohazards in the Yangtze River Delta and the Red River Delta)China Geological Survey Project under contract No. DD20242714。
文摘This study investigates the spatial distribution and regulatory mechanisms of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) in Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea, addressing critical gaps in carbon cycling research within semi-enclosed bays. Through isotopic analysis(δ^(13)C_(DIC), δD and δ^(18)O) and hydrochemical measurements [salinity and dissolved oxygen(DO)] of surface and bottom seawater samples from 52 stations, we demonstrate that δ^(13)C_(DIC) values(surface:-3.6‰ to-2.1‰;bottom:-3.6‰ to-1.8‰) exhibit distinct vertical and spatial patterns, with higher values in surface waters and outer bay regions compared to bottom and inner bay areas. Conservative mixing between seawater(average contribution:56%) and freshwater dominates DIC dynamics, while tidal hydrodynamics amplify the imprint of riverine inputs during low tides. Nutrient gradients driven by saline-freshwater mixing enhance primary productivity in outer bay regions,resulting in 13C-enriched DIC and elevated dissolved organic carbon(DOC) concentrations. Conversely, bottom waters show 13C-depleted signatures(-2.75‰ mean δ^(13)C_(DIC)), reflecting organic matter degradation under oxygen-depleted conditions. Aquaculture activities exacerbate localized eutrophication, with monsoon-enhanced runoff amplifying anthropogenic impacts. This work underscores the sensitivity of coastal carbon cycling to both natural hydrodynamics and anthropogenic perturbations in semi-enclosed bays.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62371069,62372048,and 62272056)BUPT Excellent Ph.D.Students Foundation(Grant No.CX2023123)。
文摘The quantum alternating operator ansatz algorithm(QAOA+)is widely used for constrained combinatorial optimization problems(CCOPs)due to its ability to construct feasible solution spaces.In this paper,we propose a progressive quantum algorithm(PQA)to reduce qubit requirements for QAOA+in solving the maximum independent set(MIS)problem.PQA iteratively constructs a subgraph likely to include the MIS solution of the original graph and solves the problem on it to approximate the global solution.Specifically,PQA starts with a small-scale subgraph and progressively expands its graph size utilizing heuristic expansion strategies.After each expansion,PQA solves the MIS problem on the newly generated subgraph using QAOA+.In each run,PQA repeats the expansion and solving process until a predefined stopping condition is reached.Simulation results show that PQA achieves an approximation ratio of 0.95 using only 5.57%(2.17%)of the qubits and 17.59%(6.43%)of the runtime compared with directly solving the original problem with QAOA+on Erd?s-Rényi(3-regular)graphs,highlighting the efficiency and scalability of PQA.
