As the scale of urban rail transit(URT)networks expands,the study of URT resilience is essential for safe and efficient operations.This paper presents a comprehensive review of URT resilience and highlights potential ...As the scale of urban rail transit(URT)networks expands,the study of URT resilience is essential for safe and efficient operations.This paper presents a comprehensive review of URT resilience and highlights potential trends and directions for future research.First,URT resilience is defined by three primary abilities:absorption,resistance,and recovery,and four properties:robustness,vulnerability,rapidity,and redundancy.Then,the metrics and assessment approaches for URT resilience were summarized.The metrics are divided into three categories:topology-based,characteristic-based,and performance-based,and the assessment methods are divided into four categories:topological,simulation,optimization,and datadriven.Comparisons of various metrics and assessment approaches revealed that the current research trend in URT resilience is increasingly favoring the integration of traditional methods,such as conventional complex network analysis and operations optimization theory,with new techniques like big data and intelligent computing technology,to accurately assess URT resilience.Finally,five potential trends and directions for future research were identified:analyzing resilience based on multisource data,optimizing train diagram in multiple scenarios,accurate response to passenger demand through new technologies,coupling and optimizing passenger and traffic flows,and optimal line design.展开更多
Screening humanized antibodies from a human Fab phage display library is an effective and quick method to obtain beta-amyloid oligomers. Thus, the present study prepared amyloid-beta 42 oli- gomers and constructed a h...Screening humanized antibodies from a human Fab phage display library is an effective and quick method to obtain beta-amyloid oligomers. Thus, the present study prepared amyloid-beta 42 oli- gomers and constructed a have human Fab phage display library based on blood samples from six healthy people. After three rounds of biopanning in vitro, a human single-domain antibody that spe- cifically recognized amyloid-beta 42 oligomers was identified. Western blot and enzyme-linked im- munosorbent assay demonstrated this antibody bound specifically to human amyloid-beta 42 tetramer and nonamer, but not the monomer or high molecular weight oligomers. This study suc- cessfully constructed a human phage display library and screened a single-domain antibody that specifically recognized amyloid-beta 42 oligomers.展开更多
Generating computer animated flames is a difficult and computationally expensive problem. Dynamic textures provide an effective means for extrapolating and synthesizing dynamic flames, but aggravates color distortion ...Generating computer animated flames is a difficult and computationally expensive problem. Dynamic textures provide an effective means for extrapolating and synthesizing dynamic flames, but aggravates color distortion due to the high correlation of RGB components. A novel method for dynamic flame texture synthesis using color temperature is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the colortemperature mapping is calculated by using the Planck's law and two-color pyrometric technique to avoid color distortion. Secondly, a novel dynamic texture model is presented to transform the RGB space into temperature space. Finally,the dynamic flames editing is presented to support physical temperature adjustment. Experimental results illustrate that our approach is effective to synthesize visually plausible dynamic flames without color distortions and to edit dynamic flames with intuitive physical interpretation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72288101,72331001,and 72071015)the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(PolyU 15222221)+1 种基金the 111 Center(B20071)an XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘As the scale of urban rail transit(URT)networks expands,the study of URT resilience is essential for safe and efficient operations.This paper presents a comprehensive review of URT resilience and highlights potential trends and directions for future research.First,URT resilience is defined by three primary abilities:absorption,resistance,and recovery,and four properties:robustness,vulnerability,rapidity,and redundancy.Then,the metrics and assessment approaches for URT resilience were summarized.The metrics are divided into three categories:topology-based,characteristic-based,and performance-based,and the assessment methods are divided into four categories:topological,simulation,optimization,and datadriven.Comparisons of various metrics and assessment approaches revealed that the current research trend in URT resilience is increasingly favoring the integration of traditional methods,such as conventional complex network analysis and operations optimization theory,with new techniques like big data and intelligent computing technology,to accurately assess URT resilience.Finally,five potential trends and directions for future research were identified:analyzing resilience based on multisource data,optimizing train diagram in multiple scenarios,accurate response to passenger demand through new technologies,coupling and optimizing passenger and traffic flows,and optimal line design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30600099(FD)
文摘Screening humanized antibodies from a human Fab phage display library is an effective and quick method to obtain beta-amyloid oligomers. Thus, the present study prepared amyloid-beta 42 oli- gomers and constructed a have human Fab phage display library based on blood samples from six healthy people. After three rounds of biopanning in vitro, a human single-domain antibody that spe- cifically recognized amyloid-beta 42 oligomers was identified. Western blot and enzyme-linked im- munosorbent assay demonstrated this antibody bound specifically to human amyloid-beta 42 tetramer and nonamer, but not the monomer or high molecular weight oligomers. This study suc- cessfully constructed a human phage display library and screened a single-domain antibody that specifically recognized amyloid-beta 42 oligomers.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA011803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61472020)the Specialized Research Foundation of China(20121102130004)
文摘Generating computer animated flames is a difficult and computationally expensive problem. Dynamic textures provide an effective means for extrapolating and synthesizing dynamic flames, but aggravates color distortion due to the high correlation of RGB components. A novel method for dynamic flame texture synthesis using color temperature is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the colortemperature mapping is calculated by using the Planck's law and two-color pyrometric technique to avoid color distortion. Secondly, a novel dynamic texture model is presented to transform the RGB space into temperature space. Finally,the dynamic flames editing is presented to support physical temperature adjustment. Experimental results illustrate that our approach is effective to synthesize visually plausible dynamic flames without color distortions and to edit dynamic flames with intuitive physical interpretation.
