AIM: To examine the relations of alcohol consumption to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Shanghai adults. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the randomized multistage stratified clust...AIM: To examine the relations of alcohol consumption to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Shanghai adults. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the randomized multistage stratified cluster sampling of Shanghai adults, who were evaluated for alcohol consumption and each component of metabolic syndrome, using the adapted U.S. National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Current alcohol consumption was defined as more than once of alcohol drinking per month. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 3953 participants (1524 men) with a mean age of 54.3 ± 12.1 years. Among them, 448 subjects (11.3%) were current alcohol drinkers, including 405 males and 43 females. After adjustment for age and sex, the prevalence of current alcohol drinking and metabolic syndrome in the general population of Shanghai was 13.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Compared with nondrinkers, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension was higher while the prevalence of abdominal obesity, low serum high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and diabetes mellitus was lower in subjects who consumed alcohol twice or more per month, with a trend toward reducing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Among the current alcohol drinkers, systolic blood pressure, HDL-C, fastingplasma glucose, and prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia tended to increase with increased alcohol consumption. However, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, prevalence of abdominal obesity, low serum HDL-C and metabolic syndrome showed the tendency to decrease. Moreover, these statistically significant differences were independent of gender and age.CONCLUSION: Current alcohol consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome irrespe- ctive of alcohol intake (g/d), and has a favorable influence on HDL-C, waist circumference, and possible diabetes mellitus. However, alcohol intake increases the likelihood of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia. The clinical significance of these findings needs further investigation.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the application effect of analog water-soluble fertilizer as an alternative of flue-cured tobacco-specific topdressing fertilizer. A field experiment was conducted, and the dry matter a...This study aimed to investigate the application effect of analog water-soluble fertilizer as an alternative of flue-cured tobacco-specific topdressing fertilizer. A field experiment was conducted, and the dry matter accumulation, intrinsic chemical composition, smoking quality and economic benefit of flue-cured tobacco were compared between analog water-soluble fertilizer and conventional fertilizer, The results showed compared with conventional fertilizer, analog water-soluble fertilizer increased the dry matter accumulation in flue-cured tobacco by 4.90%-16.70%, increased the yield of flue-cured tobacco by 6%-15%, and increased the output of flue-cured tobacco by 5%-14%. In terms of chemical composition, the flue-cured tobacco applied with analog water-soluble fertilizer was better than that applied with conventional fertilizer, except the nicotine content in the upper leaves, the potassium content in the middle leaves and the reducing sugar content. The smoking quality of both the upper and middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco in the analog water-soluble fertilizer treatment groups was better than that in the conventional fertilizer treatment group. In short, analog water-soluble fertilizer was better than conventional fertilizer, with advantages of lower cost （reduced by 381.60 yuan/hm2）, lower application amount （reduced by 165 kg/hm2） and higher utilization efficiency.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to quickly screen out effective and safe agents for controlling tobacco root knot nematode disease.[Methods]Six pesticides were tested and screened indoors at five different concen...[Objectives]This study was conducted to quickly screen out effective and safe agents for controlling tobacco root knot nematode disease.[Methods]Six pesticides were tested and screened indoors at five different concentrations.[Results]The six pesticides all had toxic effects on the second-instar larvae of tobacco root-knot nematode,and the corrected mortality was positively correlated with the concentration and time of the pesticides,with the correlation coefficients above 0.8.From the perspective of inhibitory activity,the order was fosthiazate>abamectin>emamectin benzoate>cadusafos>ethoprophos>carbosulfan.Four pesticides that can be used in the field were selected.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for field pesticide selection.展开更多
In inertial confinement fusion experiments,fuel quality is determined mainly by the thermal environment of the capsule in the layering procedure.Owing to the absence of a radial thermal gradient,formed deuterium–deut...In inertial confinement fusion experiments,fuel quality is determined mainly by the thermal environment of the capsule in the layering procedure.Owing to the absence of a radial thermal gradient,formed deuterium–deuterium(DD)ice shells in the capsule are thermally instable.To obtain a solid DD layer with good quality and long lifetime,stringent demands must be placed on the thermal performance of cryogenic targets.In DD cryogenic target preparation,two issues arise,even after the capsule’s temperature uniformity has been improved by the use of thick aluminized films.The first is the inconsistent ice shape,which is related to the capsule’s thermal field.In this article,some typical fabrication details are investigated,including adhesive penetration during assembly,the presence of the fill tube,the optical properties of the hohlraum and film surfaces,the jacket–hohlraum connection,deviations in capsule location,and asymmetrical contact at the arm–jacket interfaces.Detailed comparisons of the thermal effects of these factors provide guidance for target optimization.The second issue is the instability of seeding crystals in the fill tube due to unsteadiness of the direction of the thermal gradient in the fill tube assembly.An additional thermal controller is proposed,analyzed,and optimized to provide robust controllability of tube temperature.The analysis results and optimization methods presented in this article should not only help in dealing with thermal issues associated with DD cryogenic targets,but also provide important references for engineering design of other cryogenic targets.展开更多
With the rapid development of information technology,the electronifi-cation of medical records has gradually become a trend.In China,the population base is huge and the supporting medical institutions are numerous,so ...With the rapid development of information technology,the electronifi-cation of medical records has gradually become a trend.In China,the population base is huge and the supporting medical institutions are numerous,so this reality drives the conversion of paper medical records to electronic medical records.Electronic medical records are the basis for establishing a smart hospital and an important guarantee for achieving medical intelligence,and the massive amount of electronic medical record data is also an important data set for conducting research in the medical field.However,electronic medical records contain a large amount of private patient information,which must be desensitized before they are used as open resources.Therefore,to solve the above problems,data masking for Chinese electronic medical records with named entity recognition is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the text is vectorized to satisfy the required format of the model input.Secondly,since the input sentences may have a long or short length and the relationship between sentences in context is not negligible.To this end,a neural network model for named entity recognition based on bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)with conditional random fields(CRF)is constructed.Finally,the data masking operation is performed based on the named entity recog-nition results,mainly using regular expression filtering encryption and principal component analysis(PCA)word vector compression and replacement.In addi-tion,comparison experiments with the hidden markov model(HMM)model,LSTM-CRF model,and BiLSTM model are conducted in this paper.The experi-mental results show that the method used in this paper achieves 92.72%Accuracy,92.30%Recall,and 92.51%F1_score,which has higher accuracy compared with other models.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to explore weed control measures in tobacco fields in Anshun City. [Method] Different treatments on weed control were conducted in tobacco fields in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, from 2017 t...[Objective] The paper was to explore weed control measures in tobacco fields in Anshun City. [Method] Different treatments on weed control were conducted in tobacco fields in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, from 2017 to 2019. [Result] Various treatments had no negative effect on tobacco plant growth in the field, and had different degrees of control effects on five dominant weeds, including Digitaria sanguinalis, Setaria viridis, Fagopyrum dibotrys, Commelina communis and Chenopodium album. White mulching film and 50% butralin·clomazone EC 160 m L/667 m^(2) + white mulching film had the worst performance, which had extremely significant or significant differences with other treatments. There was no sig-nificant difference among most treatments, and the overall effects were comprehensive(multi-factor) treatment > double factor treatment > single factor treatment. [Conclusion] Combination control is recommended in practical tobacco production.展开更多
Person re-identification(ReID)aims to recognize the same person in multiple images from different camera views.Training person ReID models are time-consuming and resource-intensive;thus,cloud computing is an appropria...Person re-identification(ReID)aims to recognize the same person in multiple images from different camera views.Training person ReID models are time-consuming and resource-intensive;thus,cloud computing is an appropriate model training solution.However,the required massive personal data for training contain private information with a significant risk of data leakage in cloud environments,leading to significant communication overheads.This paper proposes a federated person ReID method with model-contrastive learning(MOON)in an edge-cloud environment,named FRM.Specifically,based on federated partial averaging,MOON warmup is added to correct the local training of individual edge servers and improve the model’s effectiveness by calculating and back-propagating a model-contrastive loss,which represents the similarity between local and global models.In addition,we propose a lightweight person ReID network,named multi-branch combined depth space network(MB-CDNet),to reduce the computing resource usage of the edge device when training and testing the person ReID model.MB-CDNet is a multi-branch version of combined depth space network(CDNet).We add a part branch and a global branch on the basis of CDNet and introduce an attention pyramid to improve the performance of the model.The experimental results on open-access person ReID datasets demonstrate that FRM achieves better performance than existing baseline.展开更多
In order to design the scale model in a wide frequency range,a method based on the reflective loss is proposed according to the high-frequency approximation algorithm,and an example of designing the scale model of a p...In order to design the scale model in a wide frequency range,a method based on the reflective loss is proposed according to the high-frequency approximation algorithm,and an example of designing the scale model of a plate-shaped absorber is given in this paper.In the example,the frequency of the full-size measurement ranges from 2.0 GHz to 2.4 GHz,the thickness of the full-size absorber is 1 mm and the scale ratio is 1/5.A two-layer scale absorber is obtained by the proposed method.The thickness values of the bottom and top layer are 0.4 mm and 0.5 mm,respectively.Furthermore,the scattering properties of a plate model and an SLICY model are studied by FEKO to verify the effectiveness of the designed scale absorber.Compared with the corresponding values from the theoretical scale model,the average values of the absolute deviations in 10 GHz～12 GHz are 0.53 d Bm^2,0.65 d Bm^2,0.76 d Bm^2 for the plate model and 0.20 d Bm^2,0.95 d Bm^2,0.77 d Bm^2 for the SLICY model while the incident angles are 0°,30°,and 60°,respectively.These deviations fall within the Radar cross section（RCS） measurement tolerance.Thus,the work in this paper has important theoretical and practical significance.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was to find out the effect of trap space layout on the trapped number of Spodoptera litura in tobacco field. [Methods]From2015 to 2017,investigations were made using different hanging heights,d...[Objectives] This study was to find out the effect of trap space layout on the trapped number of Spodoptera litura in tobacco field. [Methods]From2015 to 2017,investigations were made using different hanging heights,distances( densities) and equidistant plane layout in the tobacco planting area in central Guizhou Province. [Results] The trapped number of S. litura was different at different hanging heights of the trap,and some had the difference reached the5% significant level in the trapped number. The optimum hanging height was 1. 5-2. 0 m. The trapping effect was the best at the field layout distance of20. 0-30. 0 m( density of 5-8 traps/hm^2). Under the conditions of even distribution at the equal distance between traps of 40.0 m in the field,the accumulated trapped number of S. litura from April to August was in the order of outer ring > central ring > inner ring,presenting the zonal distribution. The difference in the trapped numbers was significant among different rings,reaching the 5% significant level. [Conclusions]This study provided theoretical bases for the physiochemical control of S. litura in tobacco field.展开更多
In view of the inconsistency of channel gains and a large amount of interference noise in Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer(SBRS) observation data,they will seriously affect the analysis of SBRS data.In this paper,a ...In view of the inconsistency of channel gains and a large amount of interference noise in Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer(SBRS) observation data,they will seriously affect the analysis of SBRS data.In this paper,a method of Radio Frequency Interference(RFI) detection and mitigation for SBRS observation data is reported.Firstly,the SBRS observation data are preprocessed,a part of the observation data was selected to calculate the mean and variance to achieve the normalization of the entire observation data,which can avoid the influence of strong noise on the normalization result.Furthermore,we proposed an adaptive threshold RFI detection method based on fusion wavelet transform reconstruction and an RFI elimination method based on neighborhood weighted filling.It is worth mentioning that to detect RFI interference signals of different magnitudes,we adopted an iterative approach to the RFI detection and mitigation process.Through qualitative analysis of real observation data and quantitative analysis of simulated data,it is shown that the method proposed in this paper can effectively eliminate RFI in SBRS observation data,and improve the quality of observation data for further scientific analysis.展开更多
Teachers and students are the two main subjects which are indispensable in the teaching activities. Their communication is the most basic activity in the whole teaching activities. The social economy in our country is...Teachers and students are the two main subjects which are indispensable in the teaching activities. Their communication is the most basic activity in the whole teaching activities. The social economy in our country is developing and changing constantly, and the teaching reform has been changed, and it has been well developed. Physical education is a very important component in the teaching structure of colleges and universities, and the teaching of physical education has been highly concerned by people. But in the sports teaching practice, in？ uenced by traditional teaching ideas and teaching skills, communication of PE Teaching in Colleges and universities appeared unilateral and simple phenomenon, directly affect the quality and efficiency of teaching. We should figure out how to avoid the lack of teaching communication in college physical education, in order to make the relationship between teachers and students, students and students more harmonious, and promote the improvement of the efficiency of sports teaching. This article mainly focus on the teaching concept, we discuss and analyze the problems and reasons in the teaching of physical education in Colleges and Universities and put forward a new sports teaching communication construction strategy, the purpose is to provide some support and help to the university physical education teaching activities.展开更多
In view of the problems in operation process of fixed rake-type residual recycling component,such as poor individual profiling effect in film picking,easy clogging of the compound of films,soil and corn stubbles,high ...In view of the problems in operation process of fixed rake-type residual recycling component,such as poor individual profiling effect in film picking,easy clogging of the compound of films,soil and corn stubbles,high power consumption in film picking,and strong disturbance to seedbed soil,in this study,an operation model of intermittent filmpicking on full-film mulched double ditches was proposed and an intermittent film picking component was designed.The DEMMBD coupled algorithm was adopted for numerical simulation on the operation process of the intermittent film-picking component on full-film mulched double ditches,and a comparative analysis was carried out on the seedbed disturbance effect and resistance variation characteristics in film-picking by fixed and intermittent film-picking components.By taking the forward speed in film-picking,cam arrangement angle of the film-picking component and rotating speed of the cam shaft as independent variables,film-picking rate as the response value,a mathematical model between test factors and the film-picking rate was established,to explore the influence order of the factors on film-picking rate,and the optimal working parameters of the intermittent film-picking component were obtained as follows:the forward speed in film-picking was 2 km/h,cam arrangement angle was 180°,rotating speed of the cam shaft was 120 r/min.Under the optimal parameter combination,the average film-picking rate of the simulation test was 96.1%.Field test showed that,the average film-picking rate of the intermittent film-picking component was 95.6%,and 0.5%higher than that of the simulation test.The working condition of the sample machine was basically consistent with the simulation process,and can accurately represent the operation mechanism of intermittent film-picking on full-film mulched double ditches,showing that the established discrete element simulation model and its parameters were accurate and reasonable.展开更多
Nature 632,55-62(2024)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07590-y The advent of coherent lasers has been a cornerstone of modern optics,with the prevailing belief that greater coherence always confers an advantage.Howe...Nature 632,55-62(2024)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07590-y The advent of coherent lasers has been a cornerstone of modern optics,with the prevailing belief that greater coherence always confers an advantage.However,researchers from the University of Oxford,A*STAR in Singapore,Heidelberg University,the University of Munster,and Ghent University have developed an innovative approach that challenges this conventional wisdom.They introduced a partially coherent photonic convolutional processing system.Within a specified bandwidth,partially coherent light remains unaffected by phase fluctuations.展开更多
Neurensin-2(Nrsn2)is a neuro-specific gene linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and has recently been reported to function as a bidirectional emotional regulator,highlighting its molecular roles in the nervous syste...Neurensin-2(Nrsn2)is a neuro-specific gene linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and has recently been reported to function as a bidirectional emotional regulator,highlighting its molecular roles in the nervous system.However,the connections between Nrsn2,brain architecture,and functionality remain to be fully elucidated.Our study utilized 11.7 T multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)to assess the impact of Nrsn2 gene knockout on the brain’s microstructure,regional functional activity,and network connectivity during different developmental phases in mice.We observed significant changes in the functional brain network connectivity of Nrsn2^(−/−)mice without marked differences in brain microstructure or regional activity.These changes were particularly pronounced in sensory-related areas,such as the gustatory and auditory systems,in both juvenile and adult specimens.Previous studies have correlated the enhanced Default Mode Network(DMN)with depression,and Nrsn2 knockout has been associated with stress resilience.Our findings further revealed reduced connectivity in various DMN regions in adult Nrsn2^(−/−)mice,suggesting a potential link to increased stress tolerance.Moreover,the sensory system’s critical role in environmental perception implies that alterations in network connectivity due to Nrsn2 knockout could affect the processing and integration of external inputs,thereby influencing emotional experiences.展开更多
This study explores a new robust consensus control strategy for uncertain multiagent systems and provides an event-based solution to adaptive dynamic programming(ADP)based optimal control.Rather than the control funct...This study explores a new robust consensus control strategy for uncertain multiagent systems and provides an event-based solution to adaptive dynamic programming(ADP)based optimal control.Rather than the control function,the feedback system established symmetrical to the physical system allows the optimal consensus control issue to be handled by the optimal control protocol of an augmented affine system.The feedback system focuses on an auxiliary variable formed in light of the optimality principle and the virtual control input built on a critic neural network(NN).Analysis reveals that the auxiliary variable benefits from decreasing the influence of uncertainty on control performance,while the proposed approach is implemented with fewer communication resources since the critic NN is updated as events occur.Finally,evidence from simulation findings validates the theoretical results.展开更多
Strong-field terahertz(THz) radiation holds significant potential in non-equilibrium state manipulation, electron acceleration, and biomedical effects. However, distortion-free detection of strong-field THz waveforms ...Strong-field terahertz(THz) radiation holds significant potential in non-equilibrium state manipulation, electron acceleration, and biomedical effects. However, distortion-free detection of strong-field THz waveforms remains an essential challenge in THz science and technology. To address this issue, we propose a ferromagnetic detection scheme based on Zeeman torque sampling, achieving distortion-free strong-field THz waveform detection in Py films. Thickness-dependent characterization(3–21 nm) identifies peak detection performance at 21 nm within the investigated range. Furthermore, by structurally engineering the Py ferromagnetic layer, we demonstrate strong-field THz detection in symmetric Ta(3 nm)/Py(9 nm)/Ta(3 nm) heterostructure while simultaneously resolving Zeeman torque responses and collective spin-wave dynamics in asymmetric W(4 nm)/Py(9 nm)/Pt(2 nm)heterostructure. We calculated spin wave excitations and spin orbit torque distributions in asymmetric heterostructures, along with spin wave excitations in symmetric modes. This approach overcomes the sensitivity limitations of conventional techniques in strong-field conditions.展开更多
Crop weediness,especially that of weedy rice(Oryza sativa f.spontanea),remains mysterious.Weedy rice possesses robust ecological adaptability;however,how this strain originated and gradually formed proprietary genetic...Crop weediness,especially that of weedy rice(Oryza sativa f.spontanea),remains mysterious.Weedy rice possesses robust ecological adaptability;however,how this strain originated and gradually formed proprietary genetic features remains unclear?Here,we demonstrate that weedy rice at Asian high latitudes(WRAH)is phylogenetically well defined and possesses unselected genomic characteristics in many divergence regions between weedy and cultivated rice.We also identified novel quantitative trait loci underlying weedy-specific traits,and revealed that a genome block on the end of chromosome 1 is associated with rice weediness.To identify the genomic modifications underlying weedy rice evolution,we generated the first de novo assembly of a high-quality weedy rice genome(WR04-6),and conducted a comparative genomics study between WR04-6 with other rice reference genomes.Multiple lines of evidence,including the results of demographic scenario comparisons,suggest that differentiation between weedy rice and cultivated rice was initiated by genetic improvement of cultivated rice and that the essence of weediness arose through semi-domestication.A plant height model further implied that the origin of WRAH can be modeled as an evolutionary game and indicated that strategy-based selection driven by fitness shaped its genomic diversity.展开更多
In order to further clarify and improve the working performance of separating cleaning device of flax threshing material,and study the motion law and characteristics of components of flax threshing material,in this pa...In order to further clarify and improve the working performance of separating cleaning device of flax threshing material,and study the motion law and characteristics of components of flax threshing material,in this paper,numerical simulation was carried out on the separating cleaning process of flax threshing material based on CFD-DEM method.Simulation results showed that the components of flax threshing material were separated and cleaned under the influence of airflow field,meanwhile,variation curves of quantity and mean velocity of flax seeds in the separating cleaning system were obtained.By referring to streamline distribution of gas-solid coupling,the quantity variation law of components of flax threshing material with time was explored and their motion curves and variation tendency of average velocity were studied.Verification test results showed that the cleaning rate of separating cleaning device for flax threshing material was 92.66%with 1.58%of total separation loss.Compared with simulation results,the test results were 1.34%and 0.93%lower,showing that it is feasible to apply the gas-solid coupling theory and method to simulate the separating and cleaning operation of flax threshing material.展开更多
基金The Grant-in-Aid from Shanghai Science and Technology Community Fund, No. 01ZD001
文摘AIM: To examine the relations of alcohol consumption to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Shanghai adults. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the randomized multistage stratified cluster sampling of Shanghai adults, who were evaluated for alcohol consumption and each component of metabolic syndrome, using the adapted U.S. National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Current alcohol consumption was defined as more than once of alcohol drinking per month. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 3953 participants (1524 men) with a mean age of 54.3 ± 12.1 years. Among them, 448 subjects (11.3%) were current alcohol drinkers, including 405 males and 43 females. After adjustment for age and sex, the prevalence of current alcohol drinking and metabolic syndrome in the general population of Shanghai was 13.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Compared with nondrinkers, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension was higher while the prevalence of abdominal obesity, low serum high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and diabetes mellitus was lower in subjects who consumed alcohol twice or more per month, with a trend toward reducing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Among the current alcohol drinkers, systolic blood pressure, HDL-C, fastingplasma glucose, and prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia tended to increase with increased alcohol consumption. However, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, prevalence of abdominal obesity, low serum HDL-C and metabolic syndrome showed the tendency to decrease. Moreover, these statistically significant differences were independent of gender and age.CONCLUSION: Current alcohol consumption is associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome irrespe- ctive of alcohol intake (g/d), and has a favorable influence on HDL-C, waist circumference, and possible diabetes mellitus. However, alcohol intake increases the likelihood of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia. The clinical significance of these findings needs further investigation.
基金Supported by Support Project of Guizhou Branch of China Tobacco Corporation(2015-07)~~
文摘This study aimed to investigate the application effect of analog water-soluble fertilizer as an alternative of flue-cured tobacco-specific topdressing fertilizer. A field experiment was conducted, and the dry matter accumulation, intrinsic chemical composition, smoking quality and economic benefit of flue-cured tobacco were compared between analog water-soluble fertilizer and conventional fertilizer, The results showed compared with conventional fertilizer, analog water-soluble fertilizer increased the dry matter accumulation in flue-cured tobacco by 4.90%-16.70%, increased the yield of flue-cured tobacco by 6%-15%, and increased the output of flue-cured tobacco by 5%-14%. In terms of chemical composition, the flue-cured tobacco applied with analog water-soluble fertilizer was better than that applied with conventional fertilizer, except the nicotine content in the upper leaves, the potassium content in the middle leaves and the reducing sugar content. The smoking quality of both the upper and middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco in the analog water-soluble fertilizer treatment groups was better than that in the conventional fertilizer treatment group. In short, analog water-soluble fertilizer was better than conventional fertilizer, with advantages of lower cost （reduced by 381.60 yuan/hm2）, lower application amount （reduced by 165 kg/hm2） and higher utilization efficiency.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to quickly screen out effective and safe agents for controlling tobacco root knot nematode disease.[Methods]Six pesticides were tested and screened indoors at five different concentrations.[Results]The six pesticides all had toxic effects on the second-instar larvae of tobacco root-knot nematode,and the corrected mortality was positively correlated with the concentration and time of the pesticides,with the correlation coefficients above 0.8.From the perspective of inhibitory activity,the order was fosthiazate>abamectin>emamectin benzoate>cadusafos>ethoprophos>carbosulfan.Four pesticides that can be used in the field were selected.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for field pesticide selection.
基金supported by the Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2018006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11804318 and 61803354)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory Foundation of Ultra-Precision Manufacturing(Grant No.ZD18007)the Young Talent Foundation(Grant No.RCFCZ3-2019-5)。
文摘In inertial confinement fusion experiments,fuel quality is determined mainly by the thermal environment of the capsule in the layering procedure.Owing to the absence of a radial thermal gradient,formed deuterium–deuterium(DD)ice shells in the capsule are thermally instable.To obtain a solid DD layer with good quality and long lifetime,stringent demands must be placed on the thermal performance of cryogenic targets.In DD cryogenic target preparation,two issues arise,even after the capsule’s temperature uniformity has been improved by the use of thick aluminized films.The first is the inconsistent ice shape,which is related to the capsule’s thermal field.In this article,some typical fabrication details are investigated,including adhesive penetration during assembly,the presence of the fill tube,the optical properties of the hohlraum and film surfaces,the jacket–hohlraum connection,deviations in capsule location,and asymmetrical contact at the arm–jacket interfaces.Detailed comparisons of the thermal effects of these factors provide guidance for target optimization.The second issue is the instability of seeding crystals in the fill tube due to unsteadiness of the direction of the thermal gradient in the fill tube assembly.An additional thermal controller is proposed,analyzed,and optimized to provide robust controllability of tube temperature.The analysis results and optimization methods presented in this article should not only help in dealing with thermal issues associated with DD cryogenic targets,but also provide important references for engineering design of other cryogenic targets.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant(No.42050102)the Postgraduate Education Reform Project of Jiangsu Province under Grant(No.SJCX22_0343)Also,this research was supported by Dou Wanchun Expert Workstation of Yunnan Province(No.202205AF150013).
文摘With the rapid development of information technology,the electronifi-cation of medical records has gradually become a trend.In China,the population base is huge and the supporting medical institutions are numerous,so this reality drives the conversion of paper medical records to electronic medical records.Electronic medical records are the basis for establishing a smart hospital and an important guarantee for achieving medical intelligence,and the massive amount of electronic medical record data is also an important data set for conducting research in the medical field.However,electronic medical records contain a large amount of private patient information,which must be desensitized before they are used as open resources.Therefore,to solve the above problems,data masking for Chinese electronic medical records with named entity recognition is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the text is vectorized to satisfy the required format of the model input.Secondly,since the input sentences may have a long or short length and the relationship between sentences in context is not negligible.To this end,a neural network model for named entity recognition based on bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)with conditional random fields(CRF)is constructed.Finally,the data masking operation is performed based on the named entity recog-nition results,mainly using regular expression filtering encryption and principal component analysis(PCA)word vector compression and replacement.In addi-tion,comparison experiments with the hidden markov model(HMM)model,LSTM-CRF model,and BiLSTM model are conducted in this paper.The experi-mental results show that the method used in this paper achieves 92.72%Accuracy,92.30%Recall,and 92.51%F1_score,which has higher accuracy compared with other models.
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore weed control measures in tobacco fields in Anshun City. [Method] Different treatments on weed control were conducted in tobacco fields in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, from 2017 to 2019. [Result] Various treatments had no negative effect on tobacco plant growth in the field, and had different degrees of control effects on five dominant weeds, including Digitaria sanguinalis, Setaria viridis, Fagopyrum dibotrys, Commelina communis and Chenopodium album. White mulching film and 50% butralin·clomazone EC 160 m L/667 m^(2) + white mulching film had the worst performance, which had extremely significant or significant differences with other treatments. There was no sig-nificant difference among most treatments, and the overall effects were comprehensive(multi-factor) treatment > double factor treatment > single factor treatment. [Conclusion] Combination control is recommended in practical tobacco production.
基金supported by the the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No.BK20211284the Financial and Science Technology Plan Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps under Grant No.2020DB005.
文摘Person re-identification(ReID)aims to recognize the same person in multiple images from different camera views.Training person ReID models are time-consuming and resource-intensive;thus,cloud computing is an appropriate model training solution.However,the required massive personal data for training contain private information with a significant risk of data leakage in cloud environments,leading to significant communication overheads.This paper proposes a federated person ReID method with model-contrastive learning(MOON)in an edge-cloud environment,named FRM.Specifically,based on federated partial averaging,MOON warmup is added to correct the local training of individual edge servers and improve the model’s effectiveness by calculating and back-propagating a model-contrastive loss,which represents the similarity between local and global models.In addition,we propose a lightweight person ReID network,named multi-branch combined depth space network(MB-CDNet),to reduce the computing resource usage of the edge device when training and testing the person ReID model.MB-CDNet is a multi-branch version of combined depth space network(CDNet).We add a part branch and a global branch on the basis of CDNet and introduce an attention pyramid to improve the performance of the model.The experimental results on open-access person ReID datasets demonstrate that FRM achieves better performance than existing baseline.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61601299 and 11404213)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission,China(Grant Nos.17210730900 and 15ZR1439600)the Defense Industrial Technology,China(Grant No.B2120132001)
文摘In order to design the scale model in a wide frequency range,a method based on the reflective loss is proposed according to the high-frequency approximation algorithm,and an example of designing the scale model of a plate-shaped absorber is given in this paper.In the example,the frequency of the full-size measurement ranges from 2.0 GHz to 2.4 GHz,the thickness of the full-size absorber is 1 mm and the scale ratio is 1/5.A two-layer scale absorber is obtained by the proposed method.The thickness values of the bottom and top layer are 0.4 mm and 0.5 mm,respectively.Furthermore,the scattering properties of a plate model and an SLICY model are studied by FEKO to verify the effectiveness of the designed scale absorber.Compared with the corresponding values from the theoretical scale model,the average values of the absolute deviations in 10 GHz～12 GHz are 0.53 d Bm^2,0.65 d Bm^2,0.76 d Bm^2 for the plate model and 0.20 d Bm^2,0.95 d Bm^2,0.77 d Bm^2 for the SLICY model while the incident angles are 0°,30°,and 60°,respectively.These deviations fall within the Radar cross section（RCS） measurement tolerance.Thus,the work in this paper has important theoretical and practical significance.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Tobacco Company,China(201510)
文摘[Objectives] This study was to find out the effect of trap space layout on the trapped number of Spodoptera litura in tobacco field. [Methods]From2015 to 2017,investigations were made using different hanging heights,distances( densities) and equidistant plane layout in the tobacco planting area in central Guizhou Province. [Results] The trapped number of S. litura was different at different hanging heights of the trap,and some had the difference reached the5% significant level in the trapped number. The optimum hanging height was 1. 5-2. 0 m. The trapping effect was the best at the field layout distance of20. 0-30. 0 m( density of 5-8 traps/hm^2). Under the conditions of even distribution at the equal distance between traps of 40.0 m in the field,the accumulated trapped number of S. litura from April to August was in the order of outer ring > central ring > inner ring,presenting the zonal distribution. The difference in the trapped numbers was significant among different rings,reaching the 5% significant level. [Conclusions]This study provided theoretical bases for the physiochemical control of S. litura in tobacco field.
基金funded by the Open Research Program of CAS Key Laboratory of Solar Activity,National Astronomical Observatories (KLSA201909)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.11773072 and 11873027)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (202001AT070135)。
文摘In view of the inconsistency of channel gains and a large amount of interference noise in Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer(SBRS) observation data,they will seriously affect the analysis of SBRS data.In this paper,a method of Radio Frequency Interference(RFI) detection and mitigation for SBRS observation data is reported.Firstly,the SBRS observation data are preprocessed,a part of the observation data was selected to calculate the mean and variance to achieve the normalization of the entire observation data,which can avoid the influence of strong noise on the normalization result.Furthermore,we proposed an adaptive threshold RFI detection method based on fusion wavelet transform reconstruction and an RFI elimination method based on neighborhood weighted filling.It is worth mentioning that to detect RFI interference signals of different magnitudes,we adopted an iterative approach to the RFI detection and mitigation process.Through qualitative analysis of real observation data and quantitative analysis of simulated data,it is shown that the method proposed in this paper can effectively eliminate RFI in SBRS observation data,and improve the quality of observation data for further scientific analysis.
文摘Teachers and students are the two main subjects which are indispensable in the teaching activities. Their communication is the most basic activity in the whole teaching activities. The social economy in our country is developing and changing constantly, and the teaching reform has been changed, and it has been well developed. Physical education is a very important component in the teaching structure of colleges and universities, and the teaching of physical education has been highly concerned by people. But in the sports teaching practice, in？ uenced by traditional teaching ideas and teaching skills, communication of PE Teaching in Colleges and universities appeared unilateral and simple phenomenon, directly affect the quality and efficiency of teaching. We should figure out how to avoid the lack of teaching communication in college physical education, in order to make the relationship between teachers and students, students and students more harmonious, and promote the improvement of the efficiency of sports teaching. This article mainly focus on the teaching concept, we discuss and analyze the problems and reasons in the teaching of physical education in Colleges and Universities and put forward a new sports teaching communication construction strategy, the purpose is to provide some support and help to the university physical education teaching activities.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52065005)Outstanding Youth Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.20JR10RA560)Longyuan Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Project in Gansu Province(Grant No.2022LQGR79).
文摘In view of the problems in operation process of fixed rake-type residual recycling component,such as poor individual profiling effect in film picking,easy clogging of the compound of films,soil and corn stubbles,high power consumption in film picking,and strong disturbance to seedbed soil,in this study,an operation model of intermittent filmpicking on full-film mulched double ditches was proposed and an intermittent film picking component was designed.The DEMMBD coupled algorithm was adopted for numerical simulation on the operation process of the intermittent film-picking component on full-film mulched double ditches,and a comparative analysis was carried out on the seedbed disturbance effect and resistance variation characteristics in film-picking by fixed and intermittent film-picking components.By taking the forward speed in film-picking,cam arrangement angle of the film-picking component and rotating speed of the cam shaft as independent variables,film-picking rate as the response value,a mathematical model between test factors and the film-picking rate was established,to explore the influence order of the factors on film-picking rate,and the optimal working parameters of the intermittent film-picking component were obtained as follows:the forward speed in film-picking was 2 km/h,cam arrangement angle was 180°,rotating speed of the cam shaft was 120 r/min.Under the optimal parameter combination,the average film-picking rate of the simulation test was 96.1%.Field test showed that,the average film-picking rate of the intermittent film-picking component was 95.6%,and 0.5%higher than that of the simulation test.The working condition of the sample machine was basically consistent with the simulation process,and can accurately represent the operation mechanism of intermittent film-picking on full-film mulched double ditches,showing that the established discrete element simulation model and its parameters were accurate and reasonable.
文摘Nature 632,55-62(2024)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07590-y The advent of coherent lasers has been a cornerstone of modern optics,with the prevailing belief that greater coherence always confers an advantage.However,researchers from the University of Oxford,A*STAR in Singapore,Heidelberg University,the University of Munster,and Ghent University have developed an innovative approach that challenges this conventional wisdom.They introduced a partially coherent photonic convolutional processing system.Within a specified bandwidth,partially coherent light remains unaffected by phase fluctuations.
基金Project supported by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2017SHZDZX01)Ningbo science and technology project(2023Z178)the Human Phenome Data Center of Fudan university。
文摘Neurensin-2(Nrsn2)is a neuro-specific gene linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and has recently been reported to function as a bidirectional emotional regulator,highlighting its molecular roles in the nervous system.However,the connections between Nrsn2,brain architecture,and functionality remain to be fully elucidated.Our study utilized 11.7 T multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)to assess the impact of Nrsn2 gene knockout on the brain’s microstructure,regional functional activity,and network connectivity during different developmental phases in mice.We observed significant changes in the functional brain network connectivity of Nrsn2^(−/−)mice without marked differences in brain microstructure or regional activity.These changes were particularly pronounced in sensory-related areas,such as the gustatory and auditory systems,in both juvenile and adult specimens.Previous studies have correlated the enhanced Default Mode Network(DMN)with depression,and Nrsn2 knockout has been associated with stress resilience.Our findings further revealed reduced connectivity in various DMN regions in adult Nrsn2^(−/−)mice,suggesting a potential link to increased stress tolerance.Moreover,the sensory system’s critical role in environmental perception implies that alterations in network connectivity due to Nrsn2 knockout could affect the processing and integration of external inputs,thereby influencing emotional experiences.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2024YFB4709100 and 2021YFE0206100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62425310 and 62073321)+1 种基金the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program(Nos.JCKY2019203C029 and JCKY2020130C025)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(Nos.FDCT-22-009-MISE,0060/2021/A2,and 0015/2020/AMJ).
文摘This study explores a new robust consensus control strategy for uncertain multiagent systems and provides an event-based solution to adaptive dynamic programming(ADP)based optimal control.Rather than the control function,the feedback system established symmetrical to the physical system allows the optimal consensus control issue to be handled by the optimal control protocol of an augmented affine system.The feedback system focuses on an auxiliary variable formed in light of the optimality principle and the virtual control input built on a critic neural network(NN).Analysis reveals that the auxiliary variable benefits from decreasing the influence of uncertainty on control performance,while the proposed approach is implemented with fewer communication resources since the critic NN is updated as events occur.Finally,evidence from simulation findings validates the theoretical results.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Innovation Capability Support Project for Young Faculty (Grant No.ZYGXQNJSKYCXNLZCXMI3)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFA1604402)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.U23A6002,92250307,and 52225106)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,Administrative Commission of Zhongguancun Science Park (Grant No.Z25110000692500)。
文摘Strong-field terahertz(THz) radiation holds significant potential in non-equilibrium state manipulation, electron acceleration, and biomedical effects. However, distortion-free detection of strong-field THz waveforms remains an essential challenge in THz science and technology. To address this issue, we propose a ferromagnetic detection scheme based on Zeeman torque sampling, achieving distortion-free strong-field THz waveform detection in Py films. Thickness-dependent characterization(3–21 nm) identifies peak detection performance at 21 nm within the investigated range. Furthermore, by structurally engineering the Py ferromagnetic layer, we demonstrate strong-field THz detection in symmetric Ta(3 nm)/Py(9 nm)/Ta(3 nm) heterostructure while simultaneously resolving Zeeman torque responses and collective spin-wave dynamics in asymmetric W(4 nm)/Py(9 nm)/Pt(2 nm)heterostructure. We calculated spin wave excitations and spin orbit torque distributions in asymmetric heterostructures, along with spin wave excitations in symmetric modes. This approach overcomes the sensitivity limitations of conventional techniques in strong-field conditions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.U1708231 and 31271687)the National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2017YFD0100501).
文摘Crop weediness,especially that of weedy rice(Oryza sativa f.spontanea),remains mysterious.Weedy rice possesses robust ecological adaptability;however,how this strain originated and gradually formed proprietary genetic features remains unclear?Here,we demonstrate that weedy rice at Asian high latitudes(WRAH)is phylogenetically well defined and possesses unselected genomic characteristics in many divergence regions between weedy and cultivated rice.We also identified novel quantitative trait loci underlying weedy-specific traits,and revealed that a genome block on the end of chromosome 1 is associated with rice weediness.To identify the genomic modifications underlying weedy rice evolution,we generated the first de novo assembly of a high-quality weedy rice genome(WR04-6),and conducted a comparative genomics study between WR04-6 with other rice reference genomes.Multiple lines of evidence,including the results of demographic scenario comparisons,suggest that differentiation between weedy rice and cultivated rice was initiated by genetic improvement of cultivated rice and that the essence of weediness arose through semi-domestication.A plant height model further implied that the origin of WRAH can be modeled as an evolutionary game and indicated that strategy-based selection driven by fitness shaped its genomic diversity.
基金The authors acknowledge that this work was financially supported by China Agriculture Research System(CARS-14-1-28)Discipline construction fund project of Gansu Agricultural University(GAU-XKJS-2018-189).
文摘In order to further clarify and improve the working performance of separating cleaning device of flax threshing material,and study the motion law and characteristics of components of flax threshing material,in this paper,numerical simulation was carried out on the separating cleaning process of flax threshing material based on CFD-DEM method.Simulation results showed that the components of flax threshing material were separated and cleaned under the influence of airflow field,meanwhile,variation curves of quantity and mean velocity of flax seeds in the separating cleaning system were obtained.By referring to streamline distribution of gas-solid coupling,the quantity variation law of components of flax threshing material with time was explored and their motion curves and variation tendency of average velocity were studied.Verification test results showed that the cleaning rate of separating cleaning device for flax threshing material was 92.66%with 1.58%of total separation loss.Compared with simulation results,the test results were 1.34%and 0.93%lower,showing that it is feasible to apply the gas-solid coupling theory and method to simulate the separating and cleaning operation of flax threshing material.
