Rice husk silica catalyst loaded with 10 wt% vanadium was synthesized from agricultural biomass via a sol-gel synthetic route at pH = 9. The catalyst was characterized by different physico-chemical methods. The FTIR s...Rice husk silica catalyst loaded with 10 wt% vanadium was synthesized from agricultural biomass via a sol-gel synthetic route at pH = 9. The catalyst was characterized by different physico-chemical methods. The FTIR spectra showed the formation of Si–O–V and V=O stretching bands. The presence of vanadium was confirmed by EDX elemental analysis. RH-10V possessed a high specific surface area of 276 m2/g and pore volume of 0.83 ml/g. The prepared catalyst possessed a narrow pore size distribution centered around 7.9 nm. The catalytic performance of RH-10V was tested in the oxidation of acetophenone at 70 ℃. RH-10V was found to be an active catalyst in the oxidation of acetophenone, producing 36.28% conversion efficiency. The products identified were benzoic acid, 2-hydroxyacetophenone, phenol, acetic acid, and 3-hydroxyacetophenone.展开更多
Indium incorporated silica samples with different indium contents were synthesized using a template free sol-gel method.The silica used was extracted from rice husk(RH) and the resulting catalyst was labeled as RH-xIn...Indium incorporated silica samples with different indium contents were synthesized using a template free sol-gel method.The silica used was extracted from rice husk(RH) and the resulting catalyst was labeled as RH-xIn(x = 5%,10%,15%,and 20%).From the N2 adsorption analysis the presence of type IV isotherm in RH-blank and RH-xIn indicated the mesoporous nature of the catalysts.In the XRD pattern,a broad band at ca.2θ = 25° was observed for all the catalysts which showed them to be amorphous.TEM micrographs revealed that the material is composed of nanoparticles.Friedel-Craft benzoylation of toluene was carried out using the RH-xIn catalyst.The optimum conditions for the benzoylation of toluene were determined and at 373 K,100% conversion and 89% selectivity for the para-product(i.e.4-methylbenzophenone) were obtained.展开更多
基金supported by the Malaysian Government (RU Grant 1001/PKIMIA/811092)
文摘Rice husk silica catalyst loaded with 10 wt% vanadium was synthesized from agricultural biomass via a sol-gel synthetic route at pH = 9. The catalyst was characterized by different physico-chemical methods. The FTIR spectra showed the formation of Si–O–V and V=O stretching bands. The presence of vanadium was confirmed by EDX elemental analysis. RH-10V possessed a high specific surface area of 276 m2/g and pore volume of 0.83 ml/g. The prepared catalyst possessed a narrow pore size distribution centered around 7.9 nm. The catalytic performance of RH-10V was tested in the oxidation of acetophenone at 70 ℃. RH-10V was found to be an active catalyst in the oxidation of acetophenone, producing 36.28% conversion efficiency. The products identified were benzoic acid, 2-hydroxyacetophenone, phenol, acetic acid, and 3-hydroxyacetophenone.
基金supported by Universiti Sains Malaysia RU research grant(1001/PKIMIA/814019 and 1001/PKIMIA/811092)Universiti Sains Malaysia Graduate Assistantship to KLS
文摘Indium incorporated silica samples with different indium contents were synthesized using a template free sol-gel method.The silica used was extracted from rice husk(RH) and the resulting catalyst was labeled as RH-xIn(x = 5%,10%,15%,and 20%).From the N2 adsorption analysis the presence of type IV isotherm in RH-blank and RH-xIn indicated the mesoporous nature of the catalysts.In the XRD pattern,a broad band at ca.2θ = 25° was observed for all the catalysts which showed them to be amorphous.TEM micrographs revealed that the material is composed of nanoparticles.Friedel-Craft benzoylation of toluene was carried out using the RH-xIn catalyst.The optimum conditions for the benzoylation of toluene were determined and at 373 K,100% conversion and 89% selectivity for the para-product(i.e.4-methylbenzophenone) were obtained.
