The association between PM_(2.5)(particulate matter≤2.5μm)short-term exposure and its health effect is non-linear from the epidemiological studies.And this nonlinearity is suggested to be related with the PM_(2.5)he...The association between PM_(2.5)(particulate matter≤2.5μm)short-term exposure and its health effect is non-linear from the epidemiological studies.And this nonlinearity is suggested to be related with the PM_(2.5)heterogeneity,however,the underlying biological mechanism is still unclear.Here,a total of 38 PM_(2.5)filters were collected continuously for three weeks in winter Beijing,with the ambient PM_(2.5)varying between 10 and 270μg/m^(3).Human monocytes-derived macrophages(THP-1)were treated with PM_(2.5)water-soluble elutes at10μg/mL to investigate the PM_(2.5)short-term exposure effect from a proinflammatory perspective.The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor(TNF)induced by the PM_(2.5)elutes at equal concentrations were unequal,showing the heterogeneity of PM_(2.5)proinflammatory potentials.Of the various chemical and biological components,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)showed a strong positive association with the TNF heterogeneity.However,some outliers were observed among the TNF-LPS association.Specifically,for PM_(2.5)from relatively clean air episodes,the higher LPS amount corresponded to relatively low TNF levels.And this phenomenon was also observed in the promotion tests by treating macrophages with PM_(2.5)elutes dosed with additional trace LPS.Gene expression analysis indicated the involvement of oxidative-stress related genes in the LPS signaling pathway.Therefore,a potential oxidative-stress-mediated suppression on the PM_(2.5)-borne LPS proinflammatory effect was proposed to be accounted for the outliers.Overall,the results showed the differential role of LPS in the heterogeneity of PM_(2.5)proinflammatory effects from a component-based perspective.Future experimental studies are needed to elucidate the signaling pathway of LPS attached on PM_(2.5)from different air quality episodes.展开更多
Cockroaches pose a significant global public health concern.However,besides the well-recognized cockroach-induced allergy,the potential impact of the cockroach microbiome on human health through various means is not y...Cockroaches pose a significant global public health concern.However,besides the well-recognized cockroach-induced allergy,the potential impact of the cockroach microbiome on human health through various means is not yet fully elucidated.This study aimed to clarify the health impacts of cockroaches by investigating the microbial interactions among cockroaches,the indoor environment,and humans.We simultaneously collected cockroach,indoor environment(indoor air and floor dust),and human(exhaled breath condensate and skin)samples from residential areas in five cities representing distinct climate zones in China.The 16S rDNA sequencing results revealed that cockroaches harbor diverse bacterial populations that vary across different cities.The prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria(PPB)in cockroaches ranged from 1.1%to 58.9%,with dominant resistance genes conferring resistance to tetracycline,macrolide,and beta-lactam.The relationships between the cockroach microbiome and the associated environmental and human microbiomes were explored by using fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking(FEAST).The potential contribution of cockroach bacteria to the floor dust-borne microbiome and indoor airborne microbiome was estimated to be 5.6%and 1.3%,respectively.Similarly,the potential contribution of cockroach PPB to the floor dust-borne microbiome and indoor airborne microbiome was calculated to be 4.0%and 1.2%,respectively.In residences with cockroach infestations,the contribution of other sources to the indoor environment was slightly increased.Collectively,the role of cockroaches in the transmission of microorganisms,particularly pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes,cannot be overlooked.展开更多
There is an increasing interest in understanding ambient bioaerosols due to their roles both in health and in climate. Here, we deployed an Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer to monitor viable （fluorescent） bioa...There is an increasing interest in understanding ambient bioaerosols due to their roles both in health and in climate. Here, we deployed an Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer to monitor viable （fluorescent） bioaerosol concentration levels at city centers （highly polluted） and their corresponding suburbs （near pristine） （total 40 locations） in 11 provinces featuring different climate zones in China between July 16 and 28, 2013. The concentration levels of viable bioaerosol particles （BioPM） of 〉0.5 μm were measured, and corresponding percentages of BioPM% （biological fraction of total PM） and BioPM2.5% （biological fraction of PM2.5） in particulate matter （PM） and BioPM, respectively, were determined. For some key cities, indoor viable bioaerosol levels were also obtained. In addition, bacterial structures of the air samples collected across these monitoring locations were studied using pyrosequencing. BioPM concentration levels ranged from 2.1 ×10^4 to 2.4 × 10^5/m3 for city centers [BioPM% = 6.4 % （4-6.3 %）] and 0.5 × 10^4 to 4.7 × 10^5/m3 for suburbs [BioPM% = 10 % （4-8.7 %）]. Distinctive bioaerosol size distribution patterns were observed for different climate zones, e.g., some had fluorescence peaks at 3 μm, while the majority had peaks at 1 μm. Ambient bacterial aerosol community structures were also found different for different geophysical locations. Results suggest that there was a poor overall relationship between PM and BioPM across 40 monitoring locations （R2= 0.081, two-tailed P value = 0.07435）. Generally, city centers had higher PM concentrations than suburbs, but not BioPM and BioPM%. Indoor bioaerosol levels were found at least tenfold higher than those corresponding outdoors. Bacillus was observed to dominate the bacterial aerosol community in the air sample.展开更多
Aerosols of biological origins,known as bioaerosols,in addition to having the aerosol properties,have those of a living system that offers them some enabling functionalities.From science to technology,visible progress...Aerosols of biological origins,known as bioaerosols,in addition to having the aerosol properties,have those of a living system that offers them some enabling functionalities.From science to technology,visible progress around the world has been made in bioaerosol field before and especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.Here the roles of bioaerosol across various disciplines,including air quality,climate and human health are highlighted and appreciated in light of Anthropocene and one health concept.In particular,we recognized the importance of aerobiology under haze air pollution,allergenic pollen and bioaerosol involvement in infectious and inflammation-related non-communicable diseases.Future interdisciplinary studies focusing on the chemical and biological process of microorganisms in air,airborne transmission of emerging pathogens and allergens and the association between bioaerosol exposure and the development and variations of human microbiome and immune response are needed to elucidate the interactions of bioaerosols with the earth system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42075117 and 41807306)。
文摘The association between PM_(2.5)(particulate matter≤2.5μm)short-term exposure and its health effect is non-linear from the epidemiological studies.And this nonlinearity is suggested to be related with the PM_(2.5)heterogeneity,however,the underlying biological mechanism is still unclear.Here,a total of 38 PM_(2.5)filters were collected continuously for three weeks in winter Beijing,with the ambient PM_(2.5)varying between 10 and 270μg/m^(3).Human monocytes-derived macrophages(THP-1)were treated with PM_(2.5)water-soluble elutes at10μg/mL to investigate the PM_(2.5)short-term exposure effect from a proinflammatory perspective.The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor(TNF)induced by the PM_(2.5)elutes at equal concentrations were unequal,showing the heterogeneity of PM_(2.5)proinflammatory potentials.Of the various chemical and biological components,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)showed a strong positive association with the TNF heterogeneity.However,some outliers were observed among the TNF-LPS association.Specifically,for PM_(2.5)from relatively clean air episodes,the higher LPS amount corresponded to relatively low TNF levels.And this phenomenon was also observed in the promotion tests by treating macrophages with PM_(2.5)elutes dosed with additional trace LPS.Gene expression analysis indicated the involvement of oxidative-stress related genes in the LPS signaling pathway.Therefore,a potential oxidative-stress-mediated suppression on the PM_(2.5)-borne LPS proinflammatory effect was proposed to be accounted for the outliers.Overall,the results showed the differential role of LPS in the heterogeneity of PM_(2.5)proinflammatory effects from a component-based perspective.Future experimental studies are needed to elucidate the signaling pathway of LPS attached on PM_(2.5)from different air quality episodes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3708201)Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Xiaomi Innovation Joint Fund(Frontier Project L233014)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42075117&42375113).
文摘Cockroaches pose a significant global public health concern.However,besides the well-recognized cockroach-induced allergy,the potential impact of the cockroach microbiome on human health through various means is not yet fully elucidated.This study aimed to clarify the health impacts of cockroaches by investigating the microbial interactions among cockroaches,the indoor environment,and humans.We simultaneously collected cockroach,indoor environment(indoor air and floor dust),and human(exhaled breath condensate and skin)samples from residential areas in five cities representing distinct climate zones in China.The 16S rDNA sequencing results revealed that cockroaches harbor diverse bacterial populations that vary across different cities.The prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria(PPB)in cockroaches ranged from 1.1%to 58.9%,with dominant resistance genes conferring resistance to tetracycline,macrolide,and beta-lactam.The relationships between the cockroach microbiome and the associated environmental and human microbiomes were explored by using fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking(FEAST).The potential contribution of cockroach bacteria to the floor dust-borne microbiome and indoor airborne microbiome was estimated to be 5.6%and 1.3%,respectively.Similarly,the potential contribution of cockroach PPB to the floor dust-borne microbiome and indoor airborne microbiome was calculated to be 4.0%and 1.2%,respectively.In residences with cockroach infestations,the contribution of other sources to the indoor environment was slightly increased.Collectively,the role of cockroaches in the transmission of microorganisms,particularly pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes,cannot be overlooked.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21277007,21477003,and 41121004)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2015DFG92040,2015CB553401)Ministry of Education(20130001110044)
文摘There is an increasing interest in understanding ambient bioaerosols due to their roles both in health and in climate. Here, we deployed an Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer to monitor viable （fluorescent） bioaerosol concentration levels at city centers （highly polluted） and their corresponding suburbs （near pristine） （total 40 locations） in 11 provinces featuring different climate zones in China between July 16 and 28, 2013. The concentration levels of viable bioaerosol particles （BioPM） of 〉0.5 μm were measured, and corresponding percentages of BioPM% （biological fraction of total PM） and BioPM2.5% （biological fraction of PM2.5） in particulate matter （PM） and BioPM, respectively, were determined. For some key cities, indoor viable bioaerosol levels were also obtained. In addition, bacterial structures of the air samples collected across these monitoring locations were studied using pyrosequencing. BioPM concentration levels ranged from 2.1 ×10^4 to 2.4 × 10^5/m3 for city centers [BioPM% = 6.4 % （4-6.3 %）] and 0.5 × 10^4 to 4.7 × 10^5/m3 for suburbs [BioPM% = 10 % （4-8.7 %）]. Distinctive bioaerosol size distribution patterns were observed for different climate zones, e.g., some had fluorescence peaks at 3 μm, while the majority had peaks at 1 μm. Ambient bacterial aerosol community structures were also found different for different geophysical locations. Results suggest that there was a poor overall relationship between PM and BioPM across 40 monitoring locations （R2= 0.081, two-tailed P value = 0.07435）. Generally, city centers had higher PM concentrations than suburbs, but not BioPM and BioPM%. Indoor bioaerosol levels were found at least tenfold higher than those corresponding outdoors. Bacillus was observed to dominate the bacterial aerosol community in the air sample.
基金F.Shen is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(42075117,41807306)Young Talent Program of Beihang University(KG16137601)+3 种基金Ministry of Education program(30800002022133001)M.Yao is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(22221004,92043302)the NSFC Distinguished Young Scholars Fund(21725701)a grant from Guangzhou National Laboratory(EKPG21-02).
文摘Aerosols of biological origins,known as bioaerosols,in addition to having the aerosol properties,have those of a living system that offers them some enabling functionalities.From science to technology,visible progress around the world has been made in bioaerosol field before and especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.Here the roles of bioaerosol across various disciplines,including air quality,climate and human health are highlighted and appreciated in light of Anthropocene and one health concept.In particular,we recognized the importance of aerobiology under haze air pollution,allergenic pollen and bioaerosol involvement in infectious and inflammation-related non-communicable diseases.Future interdisciplinary studies focusing on the chemical and biological process of microorganisms in air,airborne transmission of emerging pathogens and allergens and the association between bioaerosol exposure and the development and variations of human microbiome and immune response are needed to elucidate the interactions of bioaerosols with the earth system.
