Leaf rust,caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina,is one of the most destructive diseases affecting global wheat production.Developing disease-resistant wheat varieties is the most cost-effective and environmentally f...Leaf rust,caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina,is one of the most destructive diseases affecting global wheat production.Developing disease-resistant wheat varieties is the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to managing this disease.We phenotyped a collection of 559 wheat accessions from five continents for resistance to leaf rust in field trials at three locations in China(Zhoukou,Henan;Wuhan,Hubei;and Xinxiang,Henan)during the 2020–2021,2021–2022,and 2022–2023 cropping seasons,followed by best-linear-unbiased-estimation analysis across environments.These accessions were genotyped using the MGISEQ-2000 re-sequencing platform,and a genome-wide association analysis was subsequently performed.Twenty-four stable leaf rust resistance loci across 15 chromosomes were identified.Among these,11 loci may represent new sources of resistance.Notably,Lr.hzau-2BS.1 and Lr.hzau-7AL were consistently detected across all three environments and BLUE.Lr.hzau-2BS.1 has the highest frequency in European wheat accessions,whereas Lr.hzau-7AL is most prevalent in South American accessions.Gene-expression analysis identified 101 candidate genes associated with these loci.Closely linked Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)markers,2B-209172 and 7A-348992,were developed for Lr.hzau-2BS.1 and Lr.hzau-7AL,respectively.Chinese wheat varieties Mianmai 45 and Liaomai 16,which carry resistance alleles at both loci and exhibit<5%leaf rust severity,represent valuable sources of leaf rust resistance for wheat breeding programs.These newly identified resistance loci and their KASP markers provide valuable resource for their exploitation in wheat breeding.展开更多
Planktonic bacteria adhere and subsequently form biofilms on implantable medical devices can cause severe infections that have become the major types of hospital-acquired infections.Traditional coatings for the implan...Planktonic bacteria adhere and subsequently form biofilms on implantable medical devices can cause severe infections that have become the major types of hospital-acquired infections.Traditional coatings for the implants are frequently lack of long-term antifouling and bactericidal activities.It is still a big challenge to simultaneously improve the antifouling and bactericidal activities of the coatings.Herein,we report that mixed-charge glycopolypeptide coatings are of long-term antibacterial activities to efficiently inhibit the biofilm growth.The glycosylation of mixed-charge polypeptides has led to a significant improvement of both antifouling and bactericidal activities.The cooperative effect of the saccharide residues and mixed-charge residues improved the resistance of the polypeptide coatings against protein adsorption.The saccharide and L-glutamic acid(E)residues collectively enhanced the bacterial membrane-disruption of cationic L-lysine(K)residues,leading to potent bactericidal activity.Meanwhile,the glycopolypeptide coatings showed superior biocompatibility,long-term antibiofilm and anti-infection properties in two types of mouse subcutaneous infection models and one type of mouse urinary tract infection model.This work provides a new strategy to achieve antibacterial coatings with long-term activities for preventing implantable medical device associated infections.展开更多
Implantable medical device-associated infections (DAIs) originating from bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation have threatened to the health and life of patients. Antibacterial polymer coatings with antifouling and...Implantable medical device-associated infections (DAIs) originating from bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation have threatened to the health and life of patients. Antibacterial polymer coatings with antifouling and/or bactericidal properties have showed great potentials to combat DAI issues. In this review, we report recent advances in antibacterial polymer coatings fighting bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on implantable biomaterial surfaces. We summarize the mechanisms of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, which provides guidance for the design of antibacterial coatings. We describe the polymer and coating preparation methods and discuss the structure-property relationships of antibacterial polymer coatings. Applications of these polymer coatings in medical catheters, orthopaedic implants, and other applications are elaborated. Future challenges and prospects associated with antibacterial polymer coatings for implantable medical devices are discussed.展开更多
Leaf rust is a highly destructive disease that poses a significant threat to both the yield and quality of wheat.Identification of genetic loci can aid in enhancing leaf rust resistance in wheat breeding.In the presen...Leaf rust is a highly destructive disease that poses a significant threat to both the yield and quality of wheat.Identification of genetic loci can aid in enhancing leaf rust resistance in wheat breeding.In the present study,262 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Zhongmai 578 and Jimai 22 were used to map leaf rust resistance loci using the Wheat 50K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array across four environments.Four quantitative trait loci(QTL)on chromosomes 2B(2),5B,and 7B were identified through composite interval mapping,designated QLr.caas-2B.1,QLr.caas-2B.2,QLr.caas-5B,and QLr.caas-7B,respectively,explaining 3.7%–19.6%of the phenotypic variances.The resistance alleles at QLr.caas-2B.1,QLr.caas-5B,and QLr.caas-7B originated from Zhongmai 578,while that at QLr.caas-2B.2 came from Jimai 22.Both QLr.caas-2B.2 and QLr.caas-5B overlapped with loci previously reported,whereas QLr.caas-2B.1 and QLr.caas-7B are likely to be new loci.Two kompetitive allelespecific PCR(KASP)markers,KASP-QLr.caas-2B.2 and KASP-QLr.caas-5B,were proven to be significantly associated with leaf rust resistance in a diverse panel of 119 wheat varieties mainly from China.Four candidate genes encoding a lectin-receptor kinase protein,F-box family protein,ankyrin repeat domain protein,and putative ABC transporter,respectively,were identified in genetic regions of the four QTL.These findings provide valuable QTL and breeding available KASP markers,facilitating the improvement of leaf rust resistance in wheat through marker-assisted breeding.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1201300,2022YFD1201500)Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04025)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(W2412009,32372173,32101779,32260485)the Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2022hspy001,2021hskf008,and 2022hspy010).
文摘Leaf rust,caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina,is one of the most destructive diseases affecting global wheat production.Developing disease-resistant wheat varieties is the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to managing this disease.We phenotyped a collection of 559 wheat accessions from five continents for resistance to leaf rust in field trials at three locations in China(Zhoukou,Henan;Wuhan,Hubei;and Xinxiang,Henan)during the 2020–2021,2021–2022,and 2022–2023 cropping seasons,followed by best-linear-unbiased-estimation analysis across environments.These accessions were genotyped using the MGISEQ-2000 re-sequencing platform,and a genome-wide association analysis was subsequently performed.Twenty-four stable leaf rust resistance loci across 15 chromosomes were identified.Among these,11 loci may represent new sources of resistance.Notably,Lr.hzau-2BS.1 and Lr.hzau-7AL were consistently detected across all three environments and BLUE.Lr.hzau-2BS.1 has the highest frequency in European wheat accessions,whereas Lr.hzau-7AL is most prevalent in South American accessions.Gene-expression analysis identified 101 candidate genes associated with these loci.Closely linked Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)markers,2B-209172 and 7A-348992,were developed for Lr.hzau-2BS.1 and Lr.hzau-7AL,respectively.Chinese wheat varieties Mianmai 45 and Liaomai 16,which carry resistance alleles at both loci and exhibit<5%leaf rust severity,represent valuable sources of leaf rust resistance for wheat breeding programs.These newly identified resistance loci and their KASP markers provide valuable resource for their exploitation in wheat breeding.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51873213)Science and Technology Program of Suzhou(No.SKY2022111)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology,and FUNSOM Self-Directed Research Project(No.2022)。
文摘Planktonic bacteria adhere and subsequently form biofilms on implantable medical devices can cause severe infections that have become the major types of hospital-acquired infections.Traditional coatings for the implants are frequently lack of long-term antifouling and bactericidal activities.It is still a big challenge to simultaneously improve the antifouling and bactericidal activities of the coatings.Herein,we report that mixed-charge glycopolypeptide coatings are of long-term antibacterial activities to efficiently inhibit the biofilm growth.The glycosylation of mixed-charge polypeptides has led to a significant improvement of both antifouling and bactericidal activities.The cooperative effect of the saccharide residues and mixed-charge residues improved the resistance of the polypeptide coatings against protein adsorption.The saccharide and L-glutamic acid(E)residues collectively enhanced the bacterial membrane-disruption of cationic L-lysine(K)residues,leading to potent bactericidal activity.Meanwhile,the glycopolypeptide coatings showed superior biocompatibility,long-term antibiofilm and anti-infection properties in two types of mouse subcutaneous infection models and one type of mouse urinary tract infection model.This work provides a new strategy to achieve antibacterial coatings with long-term activities for preventing implantable medical device associated infections.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51873213)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,and the 111 Project.
文摘Implantable medical device-associated infections (DAIs) originating from bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation have threatened to the health and life of patients. Antibacterial polymer coatings with antifouling and/or bactericidal properties have showed great potentials to combat DAI issues. In this review, we report recent advances in antibacterial polymer coatings fighting bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on implantable biomaterial surfaces. We summarize the mechanisms of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, which provides guidance for the design of antibacterial coatings. We describe the polymer and coating preparation methods and discuss the structure-property relationships of antibacterial polymer coatings. Applications of these polymer coatings in medical catheters, orthopaedic implants, and other applications are elaborated. Future challenges and prospects associated with antibacterial polymer coatings for implantable medical devices are discussed.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272186 and 32060481)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(6242031)+4 种基金the modern cold and drought characteristic agricultural seed industry research project-2025(ZYGG-2025-8)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(YESS,2020QNRC001)the Nanfan Special Project,CAAS(YBXM2303)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1201500)the CAAS Science and Technology Innovation Program.
文摘Leaf rust is a highly destructive disease that poses a significant threat to both the yield and quality of wheat.Identification of genetic loci can aid in enhancing leaf rust resistance in wheat breeding.In the present study,262 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Zhongmai 578 and Jimai 22 were used to map leaf rust resistance loci using the Wheat 50K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array across four environments.Four quantitative trait loci(QTL)on chromosomes 2B(2),5B,and 7B were identified through composite interval mapping,designated QLr.caas-2B.1,QLr.caas-2B.2,QLr.caas-5B,and QLr.caas-7B,respectively,explaining 3.7%–19.6%of the phenotypic variances.The resistance alleles at QLr.caas-2B.1,QLr.caas-5B,and QLr.caas-7B originated from Zhongmai 578,while that at QLr.caas-2B.2 came from Jimai 22.Both QLr.caas-2B.2 and QLr.caas-5B overlapped with loci previously reported,whereas QLr.caas-2B.1 and QLr.caas-7B are likely to be new loci.Two kompetitive allelespecific PCR(KASP)markers,KASP-QLr.caas-2B.2 and KASP-QLr.caas-5B,were proven to be significantly associated with leaf rust resistance in a diverse panel of 119 wheat varieties mainly from China.Four candidate genes encoding a lectin-receptor kinase protein,F-box family protein,ankyrin repeat domain protein,and putative ABC transporter,respectively,were identified in genetic regions of the four QTL.These findings provide valuable QTL and breeding available KASP markers,facilitating the improvement of leaf rust resistance in wheat through marker-assisted breeding.
