Untethered miniature robots(MRs)offer a minimally invasive way to address adverse vascular blockages,such as cerebrovascular thromboembolism,myocardial infarction,and pulmonary embolism.This review explores three key ...Untethered miniature robots(MRs)offer a minimally invasive way to address adverse vascular blockages,such as cerebrovascular thromboembolism,myocardial infarction,and pulmonary embolism.This review explores three key questions:what are the design principles of MRs from both engineering and clinical perspectives?How can visible intervention of MRs in three-dimensional(3D)branched vessels be achieved?What is the clinical procedure for treating thrombus using designed MRs?Recent progress in MRs for thrombus removal is summarized,and,more importantly,the pros and cons of MRs are discussed.We also evaluate the challenges that may hinder their clinical deployment and propose future research directions,bridging the gap between the bench and the bedside.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China with grant nos.82172335,81971994,and 91846103theNational Key R&D Program ofChinawith grant no.2023YFB4705600+4 种基金the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(RGC)with project nos.STG1/E-401/23-N,RFS2122-4S03,R4015-21,C1134-20GF,14300621,and 14301122the National Natural Science Foundation of China with project no.22102104Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(SMRF)with grant no.A2303074Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen Science and Technology Commission under grants RCBS20200714114920190 and JCYJ20220531103409021the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation with project no.2021A1515010672.
文摘Untethered miniature robots(MRs)offer a minimally invasive way to address adverse vascular blockages,such as cerebrovascular thromboembolism,myocardial infarction,and pulmonary embolism.This review explores three key questions:what are the design principles of MRs from both engineering and clinical perspectives?How can visible intervention of MRs in three-dimensional(3D)branched vessels be achieved?What is the clinical procedure for treating thrombus using designed MRs?Recent progress in MRs for thrombus removal is summarized,and,more importantly,the pros and cons of MRs are discussed.We also evaluate the challenges that may hinder their clinical deployment and propose future research directions,bridging the gap between the bench and the bedside.
