Guilin rice noodles, a unique cuisine from Guilin, Guangxi, is renowned both domestically and internationally as one of the top ten “Guilin Classics”. Utilizing a heat conduction model, this study explores the effec...Guilin rice noodles, a unique cuisine from Guilin, Guangxi, is renowned both domestically and internationally as one of the top ten “Guilin Classics”. Utilizing a heat conduction model, this study explores the effectiveness of the cooking process in sterilizing Guilin rice noodles before consumption. The model assumes that a large pot is filled with boiling water which is maintained at a constant high temperature heat resource through continuous gentle heating. And the room temperature is set as the initial temperature for the preheating process and the final temperature for the cooling process. The objective is to assess whether the cooking process achieves satisfactory sterilization results. The temperature distribution function of rice noodle with time is analytically obtained using the separation of variables method in the three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system. Meanwhile, the thermal diffusion coefficient of Guilin rice noodles is obtained in terms of Riedel’ theory. By analyzing the elimination characteristics of Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans, this study obtains the optimal time required for effective sterilization at the core of Guilin rice noodles. The results show that the potential Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans will be completely eliminated through continuously preheating more than 31 seconds during the cooking process before consumption. This study provides a valuable reference of food safety standards in the cooking process of Guilin rice noodles, particularly in ensuring the complete inactivation of potentially harmful strains such as Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans.展开更多
The double-differential cross sections(DDCSs)for the n+^(19)F reaction are crucial for elucidating the mechanisms of nuclear reaction processes,advancing applications in nuclear engineering and technology,and supporti...The double-differential cross sections(DDCSs)for the n+^(19)F reaction are crucial for elucidating the mechanisms of nuclear reaction processes,advancing applications in nuclear engineering and technology,and supporting fundamental research in nuclear astrophysics.The quantitative description of the DDCS for emission products presents a persistent theoretical challenge,primarily due to the effects of energy levels being more intricate than those of lp-shell nuclei.The pick-up mechanism of complex particles,as one of the important components of the statistical theory for light nuclear reactions(STLN),is improved to describe the DDCSs of outgoing charged particles,considering the effect of energy levels with energy,angular momentum,and parity conservations.A comprehensive analysis of all open reaction channels is performed for the n+'F reaction below 20 MeV.After ensuring the acquisition of the high-quality DDCS of the emitted neutrons,the DDCSs of outgoing charged particles(including p,d,t,a)are self-consistently obtained.The results of this study are not only in good agreement with recently measured experimental data at E_(n)=14.2 MeV but also superior to the data recommended by current major nuclear databases.Thus,the LUNF code for the n+^(19)F reaction is developed to obtain an ENDF-6 formatted DDCS file of the nucleon and light composite charged particles.展开更多
Pre-neutron fragment mass yields in the vicinity of the thermal neutron energy are highly important for applications because of the larger fission cross sections of the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions.In this pap...Pre-neutron fragment mass yields in the vicinity of the thermal neutron energy are highly important for applications because of the larger fission cross sections of the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions.In this paper,preneutron fragment mass yields at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV are systematically studied using an empirical fission potential(EFP)model,the potential parameters of which are obtained from the measured data.The energy dependences of the peaks and valleys of the pre-neutron fragment mass yields are described by exponential and linear functions for the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions,respectively.The energy dependences of the evaporation neutrons,which play a crucial role in the reasonable description of pre-neutron fragment mass yields,are also obtained from the fission cross sections.The pre-neutron fragment mass yields in this study are not only consistent with the results of previous studies in regions of several Me Vs but also agree well with existing measured data at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV.The results show that the feasibility of this EFP model is verified in this extended energy region.展开更多
文摘Guilin rice noodles, a unique cuisine from Guilin, Guangxi, is renowned both domestically and internationally as one of the top ten “Guilin Classics”. Utilizing a heat conduction model, this study explores the effectiveness of the cooking process in sterilizing Guilin rice noodles before consumption. The model assumes that a large pot is filled with boiling water which is maintained at a constant high temperature heat resource through continuous gentle heating. And the room temperature is set as the initial temperature for the preheating process and the final temperature for the cooling process. The objective is to assess whether the cooking process achieves satisfactory sterilization results. The temperature distribution function of rice noodle with time is analytically obtained using the separation of variables method in the three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system. Meanwhile, the thermal diffusion coefficient of Guilin rice noodles is obtained in terms of Riedel’ theory. By analyzing the elimination characteristics of Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans, this study obtains the optimal time required for effective sterilization at the core of Guilin rice noodles. The results show that the potential Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans will be completely eliminated through continuously preheating more than 31 seconds during the cooking process before consumption. This study provides a valuable reference of food safety standards in the cooking process of Guilin rice noodles, particularly in ensuring the complete inactivation of potentially harmful strains such as Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12565017)Guangxi Key R&D Project(Guike AB24010296)+1 种基金Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(YCBZ2025076)Central Government Guides Local Scientific and Technological Development Funds of China(Guike ZY22096024)。
文摘The double-differential cross sections(DDCSs)for the n+^(19)F reaction are crucial for elucidating the mechanisms of nuclear reaction processes,advancing applications in nuclear engineering and technology,and supporting fundamental research in nuclear astrophysics.The quantitative description of the DDCS for emission products presents a persistent theoretical challenge,primarily due to the effects of energy levels being more intricate than those of lp-shell nuclei.The pick-up mechanism of complex particles,as one of the important components of the statistical theory for light nuclear reactions(STLN),is improved to describe the DDCSs of outgoing charged particles,considering the effect of energy levels with energy,angular momentum,and parity conservations.A comprehensive analysis of all open reaction channels is performed for the n+'F reaction below 20 MeV.After ensuring the acquisition of the high-quality DDCS of the emitted neutrons,the DDCSs of outgoing charged particles(including p,d,t,a)are self-consistently obtained.The results of this study are not only in good agreement with recently measured experimental data at E_(n)=14.2 MeV but also superior to the data recommended by current major nuclear databases.Thus,the LUNF code for the n+^(19)F reaction is developed to obtain an ENDF-6 formatted DDCS file of the nucleon and light composite charged particles.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12065003)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2019GXNSFDA185011)+2 种基金the Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics China Academy of Engineering Physics(2018BA03)the Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of Guilin(20210104-2)the Central Government Guides Local Scientic and Technological Development Funds of China(Guike ZY22096024)。
文摘Pre-neutron fragment mass yields in the vicinity of the thermal neutron energy are highly important for applications because of the larger fission cross sections of the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions.In this paper,preneutron fragment mass yields at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV are systematically studied using an empirical fission potential(EFP)model,the potential parameters of which are obtained from the measured data.The energy dependences of the peaks and valleys of the pre-neutron fragment mass yields are described by exponential and linear functions for the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions,respectively.The energy dependences of the evaporation neutrons,which play a crucial role in the reasonable description of pre-neutron fragment mass yields,are also obtained from the fission cross sections.The pre-neutron fragment mass yields in this study are not only consistent with the results of previous studies in regions of several Me Vs but also agree well with existing measured data at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV.The results show that the feasibility of this EFP model is verified in this extended energy region.
