Preterm birth(PTB),defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation,is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome[1].PTB is a global health concern,with an estimated 13.4 million cases in 2020[1],accounting for more th...Preterm birth(PTB),defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation,is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome[1].PTB is a global health concern,with an estimated 13.4 million cases in 2020[1],accounting for more than one in 10 births worldwide.Compared to full-term births,PTBs are associated with a higher risk of short-and long-term complications,including bronchopulmonary dysplasia,necrotizing enterocolitis,visual impairment,and cerebral injuries[2].Despite substantial research efforts to prevent PTB,the global PTB rate has shown little improvement over the past decade[1].Therefore,identifying additional risk factors remains a critical goal in preventing PTB.展开更多
Sodium(Na)metal anode exhibits a potential candidate in next-generation rechargeable batteries owing to its advantages of high earth abundance and low cost.Unfortunately,the practical development of sodium metal batte...Sodium(Na)metal anode exhibits a potential candidate in next-generation rechargeable batteries owing to its advantages of high earth abundance and low cost.Unfortunately,the practical development of sodium metal batteries is inherently plagued by challenges such as the side reactions and the growth of Na dendrites.Herein we report a highly stable Bi-based“sodiophilic”substrate to stabilize Na anode,which is created by in-situ electrochemical reactions of 3D hierarchical porous Bi_(2)MoO_(6)(BMO)microspheres.BMO is initially transformed into the Bi“nanoseeds”embedded in the Na-Mo-O matrix.Subsequently,the Bi nanoseeds working as preferential nucleation sites through the formation of BiNa alloy enable the non-dendritic Na deposition.The asymmetric cells based on such BMO-based substrate can deliver a long-term cycling for 600 cycles at a large capacity of 4 m Ah cm^(-2) and for 800 cycles at a high current density of 10 m A cm^(-2).Even at a high depth of discharge(66.67%),the Na-predeposited BMO(Na@BMO)electrodes can cycle for more than 1600 h.The limited Na@BMO anodes coupled with the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) cathodes(N/P ratio of 3)in full cells also show excellent electrochemical performance with a capacity retention of about 97.4%after 1100 cycles at 2 C.展开更多
Testes,which are mainly responsible for producing sperm and secreting male hormones,are the functional center of the male reproductive system in mammals.During embryonic development in mammals with descended testes,th...Testes,which are mainly responsible for producing sperm and secreting male hormones,are the functional center of the male reproductive system in mammals.During embryonic development in mammals with descended testes,the testicles descend from the urogenital ridge to the scrotum,located outside the body cavity (Hutson et al.,2015).展开更多
Background: Excessive exposure to fluoride can reduce intelligence. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase, and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 (MTHFD1) polymorphisms have important roles in neuro...Background: Excessive exposure to fluoride can reduce intelligence. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase, and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 (MTHFD1) polymorphisms have important roles in neurodevelopment. However, the association ofMTHFD1 polymorphisms with children’s intelligence changes in endemic fluorosis areas has been rarely explored.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four randomly selected primary schools in Tongxu County, Henan Province, from April to May in 2017. A total of 694 children aged 8 to 12 years were included in the study with the recruitment by the cluster sampling method. Urinary fluoride (UF) and urinary creatinine were separately determined using the fluoride ion-selective electrode and creatinine assay kit. Children were classified as the high fluoride group and control group according to the median of urinary creatinine-adjusted urinary fluoride (UFCr) level. Four loci ofMTHFD1 were genotyped, and the Combined Raven’s Test was used to evaluate children’s intelligence quotient (IQ). Generalized linear model and multinomial logistic regression model were performed to analyze the associations between children’s UFCr level,MTHFD1 polymorphisms, and intelligence. The general linear model was used to explore the effects of gene-environment and gene-gene interaction on intelligence.Results: In the high fluoride group, children’s IQ scores decreased by 2.502 when the UFCr level increased by 1.0 mg/L (β= –2.502, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –4.411, –0.593), and the possibility for having "excellent" intelligence decreased by 46.3% (odds ratio = 0.537, 95% CI: 0.290, 0.994). Children with the GG genotype showed increased IQ scores than those with the AA genotype of rs11627387 locus in the high fluoride group (P < 0.05). Interactions between fluoride exposure andMTHFD1 polymorphisms on intelligence were observed (Pinteraction < 0.05).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that excessive fluoride exposure may have adverse effects on children’s intelligence, and changes in children’s intelligence may be associated with the interaction between fluoride andMTHFD1 polymorphisms.展开更多
Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder with a higher prevalence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)than that among the general population,and it significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular ...Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder with a higher prevalence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)than that among the general population,and it significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD).[1]HIV infection can lead to dyslipidemia through persistent inflammation,immune activation,and direct effects on lipid metabolism.[1]The initiation of antiretroviral therapy(ART)can exacerbate dyslipidemia,often characterized by increased concentrations of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and triglycerides(TG),along with a decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).[2]Additionally,traditional risk factors contribute to the development of dyslipidemia in this population.[3]展开更多
The undesirable Li dendrite growth and other knock-on issues have signifi-cantly plagued the application of Li metal anodes(LMAs).Herein,we report that the synergistic regulation of double interfaces adjacent to the m...The undesirable Li dendrite growth and other knock-on issues have signifi-cantly plagued the application of Li metal anodes(LMAs).Herein,we report that the synergistic regulation of double interfaces adjacent to the metallic Li anode can effectively prevent the dendritic Li growth,significantly improving the cycling performance of LMAs under harsh conditions including high cur-rent density and high depth of discharge.Thorough comparison of electrolytes demonstrated that 1 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)in 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME)can yield a robust and lithiophobic LiF-rich upper interface(solid electrolyte interphase).Besides,the Sb-based buffer layer forms a lithiophilic lower interface on current collector.The synergy of the upper and lower interfacial engineering plays an important role for outstanding cyclability of LMAs.Consequently,the plating/stripping of Li can be stably repeated for 835 and 329 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency(CE)above 99%at 1 and 3 mA h cm?2,respectively.Surprisingly,the Li||Li symmetric cell can even withstand the baptism of current density up to 20 mA cm?2.The excellent performance validates that the facile synergistic regulating of interfaces adjacent to the metallic Li anode provides an effective pathway to stabilize LMAs.展开更多
To the Editor:Neutrophils,as innate cells,play an important role in the immune defensive response against invading pathogens and provide signals for the proliferation and activation of T and B cells to initiate adapti...To the Editor:Neutrophils,as innate cells,play an important role in the immune defensive response against invading pathogens and provide signals for the proliferation and activation of T and B cells to initiate adaptive immunity.[1]Neutrophils from human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 patients exhibit multiple functional defects,such as impaired antimicrobial killing activity and impaired production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and an altered phenotype.[2]CD177^(+)neutrophils were identified as a functionally activated cell population.[3]It releases high levels of ROS and antimicrobial peptides compared with CD177^(-)neutrophils under inflammatory conditions.This increased inflammatory cytokine production and ROS generation may have detrimental impacts on the site of stimulation leading to tissue damage,such as epithelial barrier damage resulting in microbial translocation,which is a critical contributor to chronic immune activation during HIV-1 infection.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8200340181972981)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(222102310150,China)the Open Research Fund of the National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention(NHCKLBDP202504,China).
文摘Preterm birth(PTB),defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation,is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome[1].PTB is a global health concern,with an estimated 13.4 million cases in 2020[1],accounting for more than one in 10 births worldwide.Compared to full-term births,PTBs are associated with a higher risk of short-and long-term complications,including bronchopulmonary dysplasia,necrotizing enterocolitis,visual impairment,and cerebral injuries[2].Despite substantial research efforts to prevent PTB,the global PTB rate has shown little improvement over the past decade[1].Therefore,identifying additional risk factors remains a critical goal in preventing PTB.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179079 and 52101264)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(20010500400)the Westlake Education Foundation。
文摘Sodium(Na)metal anode exhibits a potential candidate in next-generation rechargeable batteries owing to its advantages of high earth abundance and low cost.Unfortunately,the practical development of sodium metal batteries is inherently plagued by challenges such as the side reactions and the growth of Na dendrites.Herein we report a highly stable Bi-based“sodiophilic”substrate to stabilize Na anode,which is created by in-situ electrochemical reactions of 3D hierarchical porous Bi_(2)MoO_(6)(BMO)microspheres.BMO is initially transformed into the Bi“nanoseeds”embedded in the Na-Mo-O matrix.Subsequently,the Bi nanoseeds working as preferential nucleation sites through the formation of BiNa alloy enable the non-dendritic Na deposition.The asymmetric cells based on such BMO-based substrate can deliver a long-term cycling for 600 cycles at a large capacity of 4 m Ah cm^(-2) and for 800 cycles at a high current density of 10 m A cm^(-2).Even at a high depth of discharge(66.67%),the Na-predeposited BMO(Na@BMO)electrodes can cycle for more than 1600 h.The limited Na@BMO anodes coupled with the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) cathodes(N/P ratio of 3)in full cells also show excellent electrochemical performance with a capacity retention of about 97.4%after 1100 cycles at 2 C.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872219,31370401,32030011,31630071,31772448)National Key Programme of Research and Development,Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFC0503200)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Testes,which are mainly responsible for producing sperm and secreting male hormones,are the functional center of the male reproductive system in mammals.During embryonic development in mammals with descended testes,the testicles descend from the urogenital ridge to the scrotum,located outside the body cavity (Hutson et al.,2015).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 81972981, 82003401, and 81673116)Key Projects of Colleges and Universities of Henan Education Department(21A330006)。
文摘Background: Excessive exposure to fluoride can reduce intelligence. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase, and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 (MTHFD1) polymorphisms have important roles in neurodevelopment. However, the association ofMTHFD1 polymorphisms with children’s intelligence changes in endemic fluorosis areas has been rarely explored.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four randomly selected primary schools in Tongxu County, Henan Province, from April to May in 2017. A total of 694 children aged 8 to 12 years were included in the study with the recruitment by the cluster sampling method. Urinary fluoride (UF) and urinary creatinine were separately determined using the fluoride ion-selective electrode and creatinine assay kit. Children were classified as the high fluoride group and control group according to the median of urinary creatinine-adjusted urinary fluoride (UFCr) level. Four loci ofMTHFD1 were genotyped, and the Combined Raven’s Test was used to evaluate children’s intelligence quotient (IQ). Generalized linear model and multinomial logistic regression model were performed to analyze the associations between children’s UFCr level,MTHFD1 polymorphisms, and intelligence. The general linear model was used to explore the effects of gene-environment and gene-gene interaction on intelligence.Results: In the high fluoride group, children’s IQ scores decreased by 2.502 when the UFCr level increased by 1.0 mg/L (β= –2.502, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –4.411, –0.593), and the possibility for having "excellent" intelligence decreased by 46.3% (odds ratio = 0.537, 95% CI: 0.290, 0.994). Children with the GG genotype showed increased IQ scores than those with the AA genotype of rs11627387 locus in the high fluoride group (P < 0.05). Interactions between fluoride exposure andMTHFD1 polymorphisms on intelligence were observed (Pinteraction < 0.05).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that excessive fluoride exposure may have adverse effects on children’s intelligence, and changes in children’s intelligence may be associated with the interaction between fluoride andMTHFD1 polymorphisms.
文摘Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder with a higher prevalence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)than that among the general population,and it significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD).[1]HIV infection can lead to dyslipidemia through persistent inflammation,immune activation,and direct effects on lipid metabolism.[1]The initiation of antiretroviral therapy(ART)can exacerbate dyslipidemia,often characterized by increased concentrations of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and triglycerides(TG),along with a decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).[2]Additionally,traditional risk factors contribute to the development of dyslipidemia in this population.[3]
基金Australian Research Council,Grant/Award Number:DP200100365China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:2019M661459,2020T130398+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21805180,52101264Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,Grant/Award Number:20010500400。
文摘The undesirable Li dendrite growth and other knock-on issues have signifi-cantly plagued the application of Li metal anodes(LMAs).Herein,we report that the synergistic regulation of double interfaces adjacent to the metallic Li anode can effectively prevent the dendritic Li growth,significantly improving the cycling performance of LMAs under harsh conditions including high cur-rent density and high depth of discharge.Thorough comparison of electrolytes demonstrated that 1 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)in 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME)can yield a robust and lithiophobic LiF-rich upper interface(solid electrolyte interphase).Besides,the Sb-based buffer layer forms a lithiophilic lower interface on current collector.The synergy of the upper and lower interfacial engineering plays an important role for outstanding cyclability of LMAs.Consequently,the plating/stripping of Li can be stably repeated for 835 and 329 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency(CE)above 99%at 1 and 3 mA h cm?2,respectively.Surprisingly,the Li||Li symmetric cell can even withstand the baptism of current density up to 20 mA cm?2.The excellent performance validates that the facile synergistic regulating of interfaces adjacent to the metallic Li anode provides an effective pathway to stabilize LMAs.
基金supported by the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(No.ZD02)the Tianjin Science and Technology Cultivation Project(No.RC20019)
文摘To the Editor:Neutrophils,as innate cells,play an important role in the immune defensive response against invading pathogens and provide signals for the proliferation and activation of T and B cells to initiate adaptive immunity.[1]Neutrophils from human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 patients exhibit multiple functional defects,such as impaired antimicrobial killing activity and impaired production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and an altered phenotype.[2]CD177^(+)neutrophils were identified as a functionally activated cell population.[3]It releases high levels of ROS and antimicrobial peptides compared with CD177^(-)neutrophils under inflammatory conditions.This increased inflammatory cytokine production and ROS generation may have detrimental impacts on the site of stimulation leading to tissue damage,such as epithelial barrier damage resulting in microbial translocation,which is a critical contributor to chronic immune activation during HIV-1 infection.
