The fragile nature of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formed on lithium metal anodes,particularly due to irregular lithium deposition and sluggish ion transport,presents a major challenge to the wider deployment ...The fragile nature of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formed on lithium metal anodes,particularly due to irregular lithium deposition and sluggish ion transport,presents a major challenge to the wider deployment of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.In this study,a high halogen-containing SEI of the lithium anode was prepared and finely tuned using the variance in chlorine substitution sites as a regulatory mechanism with the positional isomerism of dichloropyridines(DCPs).Remarkably,a highly halogenated inorganic layer was composed predominantly of LiF and LiCl,reaching up to 62%coverage,which not only mitigated lithium dendrite proliferation and accommodated volume changes during cycling but also facilitated efficient Li^(+)ion conduction.Under demanding conditions with a high sulfur loading of 3.0 mg cm^(-2)and a lean electrolyte ratio(electrolyte to sulfur ratio=13.3μL mg^(-1)),the cells retained a capacity of 520.65 mA h g^(-1)after 300 cycles at 0.5 C.展开更多
Background:Free flap transplantation has emerged as a prevalent technique in reconstructive surgery for patients with oral cancer.Postoperative monitoring of flap perfusion is critical for flap survival,necessitating ...Background:Free flap transplantation has emerged as a prevalent technique in reconstructive surgery for patients with oral cancer.Postoperative monitoring of flap perfusion is critical for flap survival,necessitating early detection and timely intervention.Developing a monitoring approach that is highly sensitive,specific,noninvasive,continuous,and cost-effective is crucial for accurately assessing flap perfusion and informing clinical decisions.Methods:From April 2024 to December 2024,20 patients with oral tumors requiring flap transplantation were enrolled at the Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.Continuous monitoring of various free flaps was performed utilizing a transcutaneous blood gas analyzer,both before and after surgery.This approach allowed for real-time measurement of transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen(TcPO_(2))and transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide(TcPCO_(2)),facilitating the evaluation of perfusion dynamics across various free flap types.Results:After free flap transplantation,a reduction in blood supply resulted in a rapid decline in TcPO_(2)(to below 10 mmHg),accompanied by a gradual increase in TcPCO_(2),peaking at 135 mmHg.Following vascular anastomosis and blood flow restoration,TcPO_(2)and TcPCO_(2)exhibited opposite trends.Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in TcPO_(2)and TcPCO_(2)measurements among the various flap types(P<0.05),indicating a consistent pattern of change across all flaps.Conclusion:The transcutaneous blood gas analyzer proves to be a reliable method for monitoring free flap perfusion.Dynamic changes in TcPO_(2)and TcPCO_(2)effectively reflect blood supply status,enabling early detection of vascular compromise and potentially enhancing flap preservation outcomes.展开更多
Objective: Mucin 1(MUC1/EMA) and sialyl Lewis X(sLe^(x)) indicate polarity reversal in invasive micropapillary carcinoma(IMPC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of MUC1/EMA and sLe^(x) and to a...Objective: Mucin 1(MUC1/EMA) and sialyl Lewis X(sLe^(x)) indicate polarity reversal in invasive micropapillary carcinoma(IMPC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of MUC1/EMA and sLe^(x) and to assess their diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with IMPC.Methods: The expression of sLe^(x) and MUC1/EMA in 100 patients with IMPC and a control group of 89 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified(IDC-NOS) were analyzed with IHC. Fresh tumor tissues were collected from patients with IMPC or IDC-NOS for primary culture and immunofluorescence analysis.Results: The rate of nodal metastasis was higher in patients with IMPC than those with IDC-NOS, and IMPC cells tended to express more sLe^(x) and MUC1/EMA in the cytomembranes(the stroma-facing surfaces of the micropapillary clusters) than IDC-NOS cells. In IMPC, high cytomembrane expression of sLe^(x), but not MUC1/EMA, indicated poor prognosis. In addition, among the 100 patients with IMPC, 10 patients had sLe^(x)+/EMA-expression patterns, and 8 patients had sLe^(x)-/EMA+ expression patterns. The primary IMPC cells were suspended, non-adherent tumor cell clusters, whereas the primary IDC cells were adherent tumor cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that MUC1/EMA and sLe^(x) were co-expressed on the cytomembranes in IMPC cell clusters and in the cytoplasm in IDC-NOS cells.Conclusions: sLe^(x) can be used as a prognostic indicator and can be combined with MUC1/EMA as a complementary diagnostic indicator to avoid missed IMPC diagnosis.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a risk scoring system to identify high-risk individuals carrying malignant lesions in stomach for tailored gastric cancer screening.Methods:A gastric cancer risk scor...Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a risk scoring system to identify high-risk individuals carrying malignant lesions in stomach for tailored gastric cancer screening.Methods:A gastric cancer risk scoring system(GC-RSS)was developed based on questionnaire-based predictors for gastric cancer derived from systematic literature review.To assess the capability of this system for discrimination,risk scores for 8,214 and 7,235 outpatient subjects accepting endoscopic examination in two endoscopy centers,and 32,630 participants in a community-based cohort in China were calculated to plot receiver operating characteristic curves and generate area under the curve(AUC).To evaluate the performance of GC-RSS,the screening proportion,sensitivity and detection rate ratio compared to universal screening were used under different risk score cutoff values.Results:GC-RSS comprised nine predictors including advanced age,male gender,low body mass index(<18.5 kg/m^(2)),family history of gastric cancer,cigarette smoking,consumption of alcohol,preference for salty food,irregularity of meals and consumption of preserved food.This tool performed well in determining the risk of malignant gastric lesions with AUCs of 0.763,0.706 and 0.696 in three validation sets.When subjects with risk scores≥5 were evaluated with endoscopy,nearly 50%of these endoscopies could be saved with a detection rate of over 1.5 times achieved.When the cutoff was set at 8,only about 10%of subjects with the highest risk would be offered endoscopy,and detection rates for gastric cancer could be increased 2-4 fold compared to universal screening.Conclusions:An effective questionnaire-based GC-RSS was developed and validated.This tool may play an important role in establishing a tailored screening strategy for gastric cancer in China.展开更多
Objective:We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of oral microbiome with malignant esophageal lesions and its predictive potential as a biomarker of risk.Methods:We conducted a case-control study nested wi...Objective:We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of oral microbiome with malignant esophageal lesions and its predictive potential as a biomarker of risk.Methods:We conducted a case-control study nested within a population-based cohort with up to 8 visits of oral swab collection for each subject over an 11-year period in a high-risk area for esophageal cancer in China.The oral microbiome was evaluated with 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene sequencing in 428 pre-diagnostic oral specimens from 84 cases with esophageal lesions of severe squamous dysplasia and above(SDA)and 168 matched healthy controls.DESeq analysis was performed to identify taxa of differential abundance.Differential oral species together with subject characteristics were evaluated for their potential in predicting SDA risk by constructing conditional logistic regression models.Results:A total of 125 taxa including 37 named species showed significantly different abundance between SDA cases and controls(all P<0.05&false discovery rate-adjusted Q<0.10).A multivariate logistic model including 11 SDA lesion-related species and family history of esophageal cancer provided an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84-0.93).Cross-validation and sensitivity analysis,excluding cases diagnosed within 1 year of collection of the baseline specimen and their matched controls,or restriction to screenendoscopic-detected or clinically diagnosed case-control triads,or using only bacterial data measured at the baseline,yielded AUCs>0.84.Conclusions:The oral microbiome may play an etiological and predictive role in esophageal cancer,and it holds promise as a non-invasive early warning biomarker for risk stratification for esophageal cancer screening programs.展开更多
目的:探讨乳腺原发性腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma,ACC)的影像学表现特征,提高对该病的认识和诊断准确性。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2018年9月天津医科大学肿瘤医院31例经病理证实的乳腺原发性ACC患者的临床资料,根据乳腺影...目的:探讨乳腺原发性腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma,ACC)的影像学表现特征,提高对该病的认识和诊断准确性。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2018年9月天津医科大学肿瘤医院31例经病理证实的乳腺原发性ACC患者的临床资料,根据乳腺影像报告与数据系统(breast imaging reporting and data system,BI-RADS)标准分析其X线和超声表现,并与病理进行对照。结果:31例乳腺原发性ACC患者的乳腺X线表现为肿物25例和局限不对称致密6例,所有病变均无钙化。25例患者中高或稍高密度肿物16例、等密度肿物7例和混杂密度肿物2例。31例患者的乳腺超声检查表现为肿物25例和非肿块样病变6例。25例患者中22例为低回声肿物和3例为混合回声肿物;6例非肿块样病变患者包括低回声区和偏高回声为主的混合回声区各3例,均无沿导管走行方向分布的趋势。结论:乳腺原发性ACC的影像学表现无特异性,但乳腺X线表现形态不规则且边缘模糊的高密度肿物内含稍低密度或脂肪样密度区域,乳腺超声表现偏高回声为主且不沿导管走行方向分布的非肿块样病变等征象具有一定提示意义,最终确诊依靠病理。展开更多
Objective： There have been few population-based studies evaluating health related quality of life（HRQOL） in rural populations in China, and this study aimed to assess the current status of and risk factors for HRQO...Objective： There have been few population-based studies evaluating health related quality of life（HRQOL） in rural populations in China, and this study aimed to assess the current status of and risk factors for HRQOL in a general rural population in high risk region of esophageal cancer in China.Methods： From November 2015 to September 2016, 12,085 permanent residents aged 45–69 years from 257 villages in the Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China（ESECC） trial（Clinical Trials.gov：NCT01688908） randomly selected from Hua County, Henan Province, China were interviewed. The EQ-5 D-3 L,a generic measure of HRQOL, and a questionnaire were used to assess their HRQOL and potential risk factors.Results： Among all the participants, 30.62% of the participants reported problems in at least one EQ-5 D dimension. Pain/discomfort（25.52%） was the most frequently reported problem followed by anxiety/depression（7.97%）, mobility（5.82%）, usual activities（2.61%） and self-care（1%）. These rural residents had a mean EQ-5 D index score of 0.948, and lower EQ-5 D index scores were associated with older age, female gender, lower levels of household annual per capita income, living alone, using shallow wells as main source of drinking water, exposure to family members smoking, testiness, unhealthy dietary habits, overweight or obesity, upper gastrointestinal cancer related symptoms and chronic diseases.Conclusions： Rural residents in China have a relatively low quality of life. Health promotion programs in this population should focus on the elderly, especially elderly women and the elderly living alone. Improving basic living circumstances and primary medical care services should be priorities. Results of this study will also serve as the basis for the cost-utility evaluation in our ESECC screening trial.展开更多
Climate warming may promote soil organic carbon(SOC)decomposition and alter SOC stocks in terrestrial ecosystems,which would in turn affect climate warming.We manipulated a warming experiment using open-top chambers t...Climate warming may promote soil organic carbon(SOC)decomposition and alter SOC stocks in terrestrial ecosystems,which would in turn affect climate warming.We manipulated a warming experiment using open-top chambers to investigate the effect of warming on SOC stock and chemical composition in an alpine peatland in Zoigêon the eastern Tibetan Plateau,China.Results showed that 5 years of warming soil temperatures enhanced ecosystem respiration during the growing season,promoted above-and belowground plant biomass,but did not alter the SOC stock.However,labile O-alkyl C and relatively recalcitrant aromatic C contents decreased,and alkyl C content increased.Warming also increased the amount of SOC stored in the silt-clay fraction(<0.053 mm),but this was offset by warming-induced decreases in the SOC stored within micro-and macroaggregates(0.053–0.25 and>0.25 mm,respectively).These changes in labile and recalcitrant C were largely associated with warming-induced increases in soil microbial biomass C,fungal diversity,enzyme activity,and functional gene abundance related to the decomposition of labile and recalcitrant C compounds.The warming-induced accumulation of SOC stored in the silt-clay fraction could increase SOC persistence in alpine peatland ecosystems.Our findings suggest that mechanisms mediated by soil microbes account for the changes in SOC chemical composition and SOC in different aggregate size fractions,which is of great significance when evaluating SOC stability under climate warming conditions.展开更多
This paper reports the ignition performance of the iodine-fueled radio frequency(RF)ion thruster(IRIT)at different anode temperaturesT_(a0).The experimental results show that the anode temperature plays important role...This paper reports the ignition performance of the iodine-fueled radio frequency(RF)ion thruster(IRIT)at different anode temperaturesT_(a0).The experimental results show that the anode temperature plays important role on the ignition process of the IRIT.There were two characteristic temperatures related to the anode:the minimum ignition temperatureT_(i0)and the stable ignition temperatureT_(is),which were much lower than the pipeline temperature and the storage tank temperature.AtT_(a0)<T_(i0),it failed to discharge.WhenT_(i0)≤T_(a0)<T_(is),it was ignited with dramatical oscillations.AtT_(a0)≥T_(is),the discharge was stable in a large anode temperature range.The analysis showed that the different discharge phenomena at different anode temperatures were attributed to the change of iodine flow rate during the process of the iodine deposition-clogging and sublimation-clearing inside the thruster.The research helps improve the preheating design of the iodine-fueled electric thruster.展开更多
In MIMO full duplex system,power amplifier(PA) nonlinearity limits the self-interference(SI) cancellation seriously. Most existing methods need to model and estimate the PA nonlinearity in order to reconstruct the SI,...In MIMO full duplex system,power amplifier(PA) nonlinearity limits the self-interference(SI) cancellation seriously. Most existing methods need to model and estimate the PA nonlinearity in order to reconstruct the SI,however the estimation error caused by the mismatch between the estimated PA model and the actual PA property still impacts the cancellation ability,especially when the transmit power is high. In this paper we propose a polarization oblique projection based self-interference cancellation method which does not need to estimate the PA nonlinearity coefficients. It exploits the polarization state information of the signals which is immune to the PA nonlinearity,and establishes an oblique projection operator to cancel the SI. Numerical results and analysis demonstrate that it can cancel the nonlinear SI effectively. Moreover the signal to interfere plus noise ratio(SINR) and the achievable sum rate do not deteriorate when the transmit power is high. Further,the upper bound of the achievable sum rate can be more than twice that of the half duplex.展开更多
Water scarcity impairs maize growth and yield.Identification and deployment of superior droughttolerance alleles is desirable for the genetic improvement of stress tolerance in maize.Our previous study revealed that m...Water scarcity impairs maize growth and yield.Identification and deployment of superior droughttolerance alleles is desirable for the genetic improvement of stress tolerance in maize.Our previous study revealed that maize sulfite oxidase(SO) catalyzes the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate and may be involved in drought response.But it was unclear whether the natural variation in Zm SO is directly associated with the drought resistance of maize.In the present study,we showed that Zm SO was associated with drought tolerance in maize seedlings,using gene association analysis and a transgene approach.A 14-bp insertion variation,containing two ABA-responsive elements,in the promoter region of Zm SO conferred ABAinducible expression,leading to increased drought tolerance.Genetic selection of this favorable allele increased drought tolerance.This study has identified elite alleles associated with sulfur metabolism for improving maize drought resistance.展开更多
Alkali metal doping or sulfurization are commonly applied in Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4) (CZTSe) solar cell to improve the open-circuit voltage (VOC). However, alkali metal sulfide affording both alkali metal and sulfur is seldo...Alkali metal doping or sulfurization are commonly applied in Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4) (CZTSe) solar cell to improve the open-circuit voltage (VOC). However, alkali metal sulfide affording both alkali metal and sulfur is seldom to be studied, which restrains the development of kesterite solar cells. In this study, we evaporate Li_(2)S during selenization process and hope to provide both alkali metal and sulfur to CZTSe film. The result indicates that Li shows a gradient distribution near the surface of CZTSe film and the content of S is slight. The film quality is improved and the recombination at grain boundaries is decreased after Li_(2)S treatment. Besides, the bandgap of the absorber gets wider. Under the synergy of sulfur and lithium (mainly from lithium), the work function of the treated absorber gets higher and the conduction band offset (CBO) is in the ideal range. Combined with these contributions, the V_(OC) of the champion device treated by Li_(2)S dramatically increase by 120 mV. This study discloses that alkali metal brings the main effect on the performance of the kesterite solar cell even an alkali metal sulfide is evaporated, which deepens the understanding of sulfurization of CZTSe and also promote the progress of kesterite solar cells.展开更多
Based on Lyapunov theorem and sliding mode control scheme,the chaos control of fractional memristor chaotic time⁃delay system was studied.In order to stabilize the system,a fractional sliding mode control method for f...Based on Lyapunov theorem and sliding mode control scheme,the chaos control of fractional memristor chaotic time⁃delay system was studied.In order to stabilize the system,a fractional sliding mode control method for fractional time⁃delay system was proposed.In addition,Lyapunov stability theorem was used to analyze the control scheme theoretically,which guaranteed the stability of commensurate and non⁃commensurate order systems with or without uncertainties and disturbances.Furthermore,to illustrate the feasibility of controller,the conditions for designing the controller parameters were derived.Finally,the simulation results presented the effectiveness of the designed strategy.展开更多
This paper studies firms’ innovation behavior in a supply chain where two firms first invest to reduce component’ cost according to different innovation modes (non-cooperative innovation, sequential innovation, and ...This paper studies firms’ innovation behavior in a supply chain where two firms first invest to reduce component’ cost according to different innovation modes (non-cooperative innovation, sequential innovation, and cooperative innovation) and then decide the prices according to different market powers (Supplier-Stackelberg, Manufacturer-Stackelberg, and Nash). We find that both the supplier and the manufacturer make more innovation efforts and profits under sequential innovation than under non-cooperative innovation when the market power is any one of three structures. Moreover, the firm prefers to invest as the follower in sequential innovation. We also show that the firms are easy to achieve cooperative innovation under symmetrical power market structure than asymmetrical power market structure. By using a concept named innovation-desirability-index that measures a firm’s desire to innovate in the supply chain, we show that it is optimal for a firm in the chain to cooperate with such a firm whose market power is close to his own if the innovation-desirability-index is higher, otherwise with such a firm whose market power is lower to his own.展开更多
We put forward a two-step route to synthesize vanadium diselenide(VSe_2), a typical transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD). To obtain the VSe_2 film, we first prepare a vanadium film by electron beam evaporation and we ...We put forward a two-step route to synthesize vanadium diselenide(VSe_2), a typical transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD). To obtain the VSe_2 film, we first prepare a vanadium film by electron beam evaporation and we then perform selenization in a vacuum chamber. This method has the advantages of low temperature, is less time-consuming, has a large area, and has a stable performance. At 400?C selenization temperature, we successfully prepare VSe_2 films on both glass and Mo substrates. The prepared VSe_2 has the characteristic of preferential growth along the c-axis, with low transmittance.It is found that the contact between Al and VSe_2/Mo is ohmic contact. Compared to Mo substrate, lower square resistance and higher carrier concentration of the VSe_2/Mo sample reveal that the VSe_2 film may be a potential material for thin film solar cells or other semiconductor devices. The new synthetic strategy that is developed here paves a sustainable way to the application of VSe_2 in photovoltaic devices.展开更多
Objective:Tamoxifen is used as a complementary treatment for estrogen receptor(ER)-positive breast cancer(BCa),but many patients developed resistance.The aim of this study was to examine the role of syndecan-binding p...Objective:Tamoxifen is used as a complementary treatment for estrogen receptor(ER)-positive breast cancer(BCa),but many patients developed resistance.The aim of this study was to examine the role of syndecan-binding protein(SDCBP)silencing in ER-positive BCa cells.Methods:In MCF-7/T47D cells,the effects of SDCBP silence/overexpression on cell proliferation and estrogenic response were examined.Cell proliferation was examined using the MTT assay and cell cycle regulators were examined by Western blot.Estrogen response was examined from a luciferase activity and evaluation of transcript levels of p S2 and progesterone receptor(PR)upon estrogen administration.Samples of ER-positive BCa were stained with ERα,PR,and SDCBP antibodies,and their expression correlations were analyzed.Results:We found that SDCBP silencing inhibited the proliferation of ER-positive BCa cells and arrested a greater number of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle compared to tamoxifen alone,while SDCBP overexpression limited the anti-cancer effects of tamoxifen.SDCBP silencing and overexpression also enhanced and attenuated the estrogenic response,respectively.Expression of SDCBP was negatively correlated with PR,ERα,and the PR/ERαratio in ER-positive BCa tissue samples.Conclusions:SDCBP may be involved in tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive BCa.Tamoxifen treatment combined with SDCBP silencing may provide a novel treatment for endocrine therapy-resistant BCa.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China for the research grant number ZR2022MB118。
文摘The fragile nature of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formed on lithium metal anodes,particularly due to irregular lithium deposition and sluggish ion transport,presents a major challenge to the wider deployment of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.In this study,a high halogen-containing SEI of the lithium anode was prepared and finely tuned using the variance in chlorine substitution sites as a regulatory mechanism with the positional isomerism of dichloropyridines(DCPs).Remarkably,a highly halogenated inorganic layer was composed predominantly of LiF and LiCl,reaching up to 62%coverage,which not only mitigated lithium dendrite proliferation and accommodated volume changes during cycling but also facilitated efficient Li^(+)ion conduction.Under demanding conditions with a high sulfur loading of 3.0 mg cm^(-2)and a lean electrolyte ratio(electrolyte to sulfur ratio=13.3μL mg^(-1)),the cells retained a capacity of 520.65 mA h g^(-1)after 300 cycles at 0.5 C.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Program(grant no.:JYZZ228)the Clinical Research Booster Program(grant no.JYLJ202311)of the Shanghai Ninth Peoples’Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.
文摘Background:Free flap transplantation has emerged as a prevalent technique in reconstructive surgery for patients with oral cancer.Postoperative monitoring of flap perfusion is critical for flap survival,necessitating early detection and timely intervention.Developing a monitoring approach that is highly sensitive,specific,noninvasive,continuous,and cost-effective is crucial for accurately assessing flap perfusion and informing clinical decisions.Methods:From April 2024 to December 2024,20 patients with oral tumors requiring flap transplantation were enrolled at the Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.Continuous monitoring of various free flaps was performed utilizing a transcutaneous blood gas analyzer,both before and after surgery.This approach allowed for real-time measurement of transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen(TcPO_(2))and transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide(TcPCO_(2)),facilitating the evaluation of perfusion dynamics across various free flap types.Results:After free flap transplantation,a reduction in blood supply resulted in a rapid decline in TcPO_(2)(to below 10 mmHg),accompanied by a gradual increase in TcPCO_(2),peaking at 135 mmHg.Following vascular anastomosis and blood flow restoration,TcPO_(2)and TcPCO_(2)exhibited opposite trends.Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in TcPO_(2)and TcPCO_(2)measurements among the various flap types(P<0.05),indicating a consistent pattern of change across all flaps.Conclusion:The transcutaneous blood gas analyzer proves to be a reliable method for monitoring free flap perfusion.Dynamic changes in TcPO_(2)and TcPCO_(2)effectively reflect blood supply status,enabling early detection of vascular compromise and potentially enhancing flap preservation outcomes.
基金supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81672637 and 81872164)。
文摘Objective: Mucin 1(MUC1/EMA) and sialyl Lewis X(sLe^(x)) indicate polarity reversal in invasive micropapillary carcinoma(IMPC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of MUC1/EMA and sLe^(x) and to assess their diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with IMPC.Methods: The expression of sLe^(x) and MUC1/EMA in 100 patients with IMPC and a control group of 89 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified(IDC-NOS) were analyzed with IHC. Fresh tumor tissues were collected from patients with IMPC or IDC-NOS for primary culture and immunofluorescence analysis.Results: The rate of nodal metastasis was higher in patients with IMPC than those with IDC-NOS, and IMPC cells tended to express more sLe^(x) and MUC1/EMA in the cytomembranes(the stroma-facing surfaces of the micropapillary clusters) than IDC-NOS cells. In IMPC, high cytomembrane expression of sLe^(x), but not MUC1/EMA, indicated poor prognosis. In addition, among the 100 patients with IMPC, 10 patients had sLe^(x)+/EMA-expression patterns, and 8 patients had sLe^(x)-/EMA+ expression patterns. The primary IMPC cells were suspended, non-adherent tumor cell clusters, whereas the primary IDC cells were adherent tumor cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that MUC1/EMA and sLe^(x) were co-expressed on the cytomembranes in IMPC cell clusters and in the cytoplasm in IDC-NOS cells.Conclusions: sLe^(x) can be used as a prognostic indicator and can be combined with MUC1/EMA as a complementary diagnostic indicator to avoid missed IMPC diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2019FY101102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073626,81773501)+5 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0901404)the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Project(No.J200016)the Digestive Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Hospitals Authority(No.XXZ0204)the Beijing Hospitals Authority Youth Programme(No.QML20201101)Sanming Project of Shenzhen(No.SZSM201612061)the Beijing Nova Program(No.Z201100006820093)。
文摘Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a risk scoring system to identify high-risk individuals carrying malignant lesions in stomach for tailored gastric cancer screening.Methods:A gastric cancer risk scoring system(GC-RSS)was developed based on questionnaire-based predictors for gastric cancer derived from systematic literature review.To assess the capability of this system for discrimination,risk scores for 8,214 and 7,235 outpatient subjects accepting endoscopic examination in two endoscopy centers,and 32,630 participants in a community-based cohort in China were calculated to plot receiver operating characteristic curves and generate area under the curve(AUC).To evaluate the performance of GC-RSS,the screening proportion,sensitivity and detection rate ratio compared to universal screening were used under different risk score cutoff values.Results:GC-RSS comprised nine predictors including advanced age,male gender,low body mass index(<18.5 kg/m^(2)),family history of gastric cancer,cigarette smoking,consumption of alcohol,preference for salty food,irregularity of meals and consumption of preserved food.This tool performed well in determining the risk of malignant gastric lesions with AUCs of 0.763,0.706 and 0.696 in three validation sets.When subjects with risk scores≥5 were evaluated with endoscopy,nearly 50%of these endoscopies could be saved with a detection rate of over 1.5 times achieved.When the cutoff was set at 8,only about 10%of subjects with the highest risk would be offered endoscopy,and detection rates for gastric cancer could be increased 2-4 fold compared to universal screening.Conclusions:An effective questionnaire-based GC-RSS was developed and validated.This tool may play an important role in establishing a tailored screening strategy for gastric cancer in China.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30930102,82073626,81502855,81773501)the National Key R&D program of China(No.2016YFC0901404)+4 种基金the National Special Programme of Scientific and Technological Resources Investigation(No.2019FY101102)the Digestive Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Hospitals Authority(No.XXZ0204)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7182033)the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospital’s Youth Programme(No.QML20171101)the Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital(No.2020-7)。
文摘Objective:We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of oral microbiome with malignant esophageal lesions and its predictive potential as a biomarker of risk.Methods:We conducted a case-control study nested within a population-based cohort with up to 8 visits of oral swab collection for each subject over an 11-year period in a high-risk area for esophageal cancer in China.The oral microbiome was evaluated with 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene sequencing in 428 pre-diagnostic oral specimens from 84 cases with esophageal lesions of severe squamous dysplasia and above(SDA)and 168 matched healthy controls.DESeq analysis was performed to identify taxa of differential abundance.Differential oral species together with subject characteristics were evaluated for their potential in predicting SDA risk by constructing conditional logistic regression models.Results:A total of 125 taxa including 37 named species showed significantly different abundance between SDA cases and controls(all P<0.05&false discovery rate-adjusted Q<0.10).A multivariate logistic model including 11 SDA lesion-related species and family history of esophageal cancer provided an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84-0.93).Cross-validation and sensitivity analysis,excluding cases diagnosed within 1 year of collection of the baseline specimen and their matched controls,or restriction to screenendoscopic-detected or clinically diagnosed case-control triads,or using only bacterial data measured at the baseline,yielded AUCs>0.84.Conclusions:The oral microbiome may play an etiological and predictive role in esophageal cancer,and it holds promise as a non-invasive early warning biomarker for risk stratification for esophageal cancer screening programs.
文摘目的:探讨乳腺原发性腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma,ACC)的影像学表现特征,提高对该病的认识和诊断准确性。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2018年9月天津医科大学肿瘤医院31例经病理证实的乳腺原发性ACC患者的临床资料,根据乳腺影像报告与数据系统(breast imaging reporting and data system,BI-RADS)标准分析其X线和超声表现,并与病理进行对照。结果:31例乳腺原发性ACC患者的乳腺X线表现为肿物25例和局限不对称致密6例,所有病变均无钙化。25例患者中高或稍高密度肿物16例、等密度肿物7例和混杂密度肿物2例。31例患者的乳腺超声检查表现为肿物25例和非肿块样病变6例。25例患者中22例为低回声肿物和3例为混合回声肿物;6例非肿块样病变患者包括低回声区和偏高回声为主的混合回声区各3例,均无沿导管走行方向分布的趋势。结论:乳腺原发性ACC的影像学表现无特异性,但乳腺X线表现形态不规则且边缘模糊的高密度肿物内含稍低密度或脂肪样密度区域,乳腺超声表现偏高回声为主且不沿导管走行方向分布的非肿块样病变等征象具有一定提示意义,最终确诊依靠病理。
基金supported by the Charity Project of National Ministry of Health (No. 201202014)the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81473033)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFC0901404)the Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital (No. 2017-4)the Open Project funded by Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education/Beijing (No. 2017-10)
文摘Objective： There have been few population-based studies evaluating health related quality of life（HRQOL） in rural populations in China, and this study aimed to assess the current status of and risk factors for HRQOL in a general rural population in high risk region of esophageal cancer in China.Methods： From November 2015 to September 2016, 12,085 permanent residents aged 45–69 years from 257 villages in the Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China（ESECC） trial（Clinical Trials.gov：NCT01688908） randomly selected from Hua County, Henan Province, China were interviewed. The EQ-5 D-3 L,a generic measure of HRQOL, and a questionnaire were used to assess their HRQOL and potential risk factors.Results： Among all the participants, 30.62% of the participants reported problems in at least one EQ-5 D dimension. Pain/discomfort（25.52%） was the most frequently reported problem followed by anxiety/depression（7.97%）, mobility（5.82%）, usual activities（2.61%） and self-care（1%）. These rural residents had a mean EQ-5 D index score of 0.948, and lower EQ-5 D index scores were associated with older age, female gender, lower levels of household annual per capita income, living alone, using shallow wells as main source of drinking water, exposure to family members smoking, testiness, unhealthy dietary habits, overweight or obesity, upper gastrointestinal cancer related symptoms and chronic diseases.Conclusions： Rural residents in China have a relatively low quality of life. Health promotion programs in this population should focus on the elderly, especially elderly women and the elderly living alone. Improving basic living circumstances and primary medical care services should be priorities. Results of this study will also serve as the basis for the cost-utility evaluation in our ESECC screening trial.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41971024 and 41373069)。
文摘Climate warming may promote soil organic carbon(SOC)decomposition and alter SOC stocks in terrestrial ecosystems,which would in turn affect climate warming.We manipulated a warming experiment using open-top chambers to investigate the effect of warming on SOC stock and chemical composition in an alpine peatland in Zoigêon the eastern Tibetan Plateau,China.Results showed that 5 years of warming soil temperatures enhanced ecosystem respiration during the growing season,promoted above-and belowground plant biomass,but did not alter the SOC stock.However,labile O-alkyl C and relatively recalcitrant aromatic C contents decreased,and alkyl C content increased.Warming also increased the amount of SOC stored in the silt-clay fraction(<0.053 mm),but this was offset by warming-induced decreases in the SOC stored within micro-and macroaggregates(0.053–0.25 and>0.25 mm,respectively).These changes in labile and recalcitrant C were largely associated with warming-induced increases in soil microbial biomass C,fungal diversity,enzyme activity,and functional gene abundance related to the decomposition of labile and recalcitrant C compounds.The warming-induced accumulation of SOC stored in the silt-clay fraction could increase SOC persistence in alpine peatland ecosystems.Our findings suggest that mechanisms mediated by soil microbes account for the changes in SOC chemical composition and SOC in different aggregate size fractions,which is of great significance when evaluating SOC stability under climate warming conditions.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11805265)Key Laboratory of Micro-Satellites,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KFKT201903)is gratefully acknowledged。
文摘This paper reports the ignition performance of the iodine-fueled radio frequency(RF)ion thruster(IRIT)at different anode temperaturesT_(a0).The experimental results show that the anode temperature plays important role on the ignition process of the IRIT.There were two characteristic temperatures related to the anode:the minimum ignition temperatureT_(i0)and the stable ignition temperatureT_(is),which were much lower than the pipeline temperature and the storage tank temperature.AtT_(a0)<T_(i0),it failed to discharge.WhenT_(i0)≤T_(a0)<T_(is),it was ignited with dramatical oscillations.AtT_(a0)≥T_(is),the discharge was stable in a large anode temperature range.The analysis showed that the different discharge phenomena at different anode temperatures were attributed to the change of iodine flow rate during the process of the iodine deposition-clogging and sublimation-clearing inside the thruster.The research helps improve the preheating design of the iodine-fueled electric thruster.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China under Grant No.61501050 and No.61271177
文摘In MIMO full duplex system,power amplifier(PA) nonlinearity limits the self-interference(SI) cancellation seriously. Most existing methods need to model and estimate the PA nonlinearity in order to reconstruct the SI,however the estimation error caused by the mismatch between the estimated PA model and the actual PA property still impacts the cancellation ability,especially when the transmit power is high. In this paper we propose a polarization oblique projection based self-interference cancellation method which does not need to estimate the PA nonlinearity coefficients. It exploits the polarization state information of the signals which is immune to the PA nonlinearity,and establishes an oblique projection operator to cancel the SI. Numerical results and analysis demonstrate that it can cancel the nonlinear SI effectively. Moreover the signal to interfere plus noise ratio(SINR) and the achievable sum rate do not deteriorate when the transmit power is high. Further,the upper bound of the achievable sum rate can be more than twice that of the half duplex.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971894)。
文摘Water scarcity impairs maize growth and yield.Identification and deployment of superior droughttolerance alleles is desirable for the genetic improvement of stress tolerance in maize.Our previous study revealed that maize sulfite oxidase(SO) catalyzes the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate and may be involved in drought response.But it was unclear whether the natural variation in Zm SO is directly associated with the drought resistance of maize.In the present study,we showed that Zm SO was associated with drought tolerance in maize seedlings,using gene association analysis and a transgene approach.A 14-bp insertion variation,containing two ABA-responsive elements,in the promoter region of Zm SO conferred ABAinducible expression,leading to increased drought tolerance.Genetic selection of this favorable allele increased drought tolerance.This study has identified elite alleles associated with sulfur metabolism for improving maize drought resistance.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB1500200,2019YFB1503500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1902218,11774187)the 111 Project(B16027).
文摘Alkali metal doping or sulfurization are commonly applied in Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4) (CZTSe) solar cell to improve the open-circuit voltage (VOC). However, alkali metal sulfide affording both alkali metal and sulfur is seldom to be studied, which restrains the development of kesterite solar cells. In this study, we evaporate Li_(2)S during selenization process and hope to provide both alkali metal and sulfur to CZTSe film. The result indicates that Li shows a gradient distribution near the surface of CZTSe film and the content of S is slight. The film quality is improved and the recombination at grain boundaries is decreased after Li_(2)S treatment. Besides, the bandgap of the absorber gets wider. Under the synergy of sulfur and lithium (mainly from lithium), the work function of the treated absorber gets higher and the conduction band offset (CBO) is in the ideal range. Combined with these contributions, the V_(OC) of the champion device treated by Li_(2)S dramatically increase by 120 mV. This study discloses that alkali metal brings the main effect on the performance of the kesterite solar cell even an alkali metal sulfide is evaporated, which deepens the understanding of sulfurization of CZTSe and also promote the progress of kesterite solar cells.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61201227)the Funding of China Scholarship Council,the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.1208085M F93)the 211 Innovation Team of Anhui University(Nos.KJTD007A and KJTD001B).
文摘Based on Lyapunov theorem and sliding mode control scheme,the chaos control of fractional memristor chaotic time⁃delay system was studied.In order to stabilize the system,a fractional sliding mode control method for fractional time⁃delay system was proposed.In addition,Lyapunov stability theorem was used to analyze the control scheme theoretically,which guaranteed the stability of commensurate and non⁃commensurate order systems with or without uncertainties and disturbances.Furthermore,to illustrate the feasibility of controller,the conditions for designing the controller parameters were derived.Finally,the simulation results presented the effectiveness of the designed strategy.
文摘This paper studies firms’ innovation behavior in a supply chain where two firms first invest to reduce component’ cost according to different innovation modes (non-cooperative innovation, sequential innovation, and cooperative innovation) and then decide the prices according to different market powers (Supplier-Stackelberg, Manufacturer-Stackelberg, and Nash). We find that both the supplier and the manufacturer make more innovation efforts and profits under sequential innovation than under non-cooperative innovation when the market power is any one of three structures. Moreover, the firm prefers to invest as the follower in sequential innovation. We also show that the firms are easy to achieve cooperative innovation under symmetrical power market structure than asymmetrical power market structure. By using a concept named innovation-desirability-index that measures a firm’s desire to innovate in the supply chain, we show that it is optimal for a firm in the chain to cooperate with such a firm whose market power is close to his own if the innovation-desirability-index is higher, otherwise with such a firm whose market power is lower to his own.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51572132,61674082,and 61774089)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1500202)+3 种基金Tianjin Natural Science Foundation of Key Project,China(Grant Nos.18JCZDJC31200 and 16JCZDJC30700)Yang Fan Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Project,China(Grant No.2014YT02N037)111 Project,China(Grant No.B16027)the International Cooperation Base,China(Grant No.2016D01025)
文摘We put forward a two-step route to synthesize vanadium diselenide(VSe_2), a typical transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD). To obtain the VSe_2 film, we first prepare a vanadium film by electron beam evaporation and we then perform selenization in a vacuum chamber. This method has the advantages of low temperature, is less time-consuming, has a large area, and has a stable performance. At 400?C selenization temperature, we successfully prepare VSe_2 films on both glass and Mo substrates. The prepared VSe_2 has the characteristic of preferential growth along the c-axis, with low transmittance.It is found that the contact between Al and VSe_2/Mo is ohmic contact. Compared to Mo substrate, lower square resistance and higher carrier concentration of the VSe_2/Mo sample reveal that the VSe_2 film may be a potential material for thin film solar cells or other semiconductor devices. The new synthetic strategy that is developed here paves a sustainable way to the application of VSe_2 in photovoltaic devices.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81302292 to Xiaolong Qian, Grant No. 81702629 to Jun Zhang, Grant No. 81672636 and 81272358 to Feng Gu, Grant No. 81672637 to Li Fu)
文摘Objective:Tamoxifen is used as a complementary treatment for estrogen receptor(ER)-positive breast cancer(BCa),but many patients developed resistance.The aim of this study was to examine the role of syndecan-binding protein(SDCBP)silencing in ER-positive BCa cells.Methods:In MCF-7/T47D cells,the effects of SDCBP silence/overexpression on cell proliferation and estrogenic response were examined.Cell proliferation was examined using the MTT assay and cell cycle regulators were examined by Western blot.Estrogen response was examined from a luciferase activity and evaluation of transcript levels of p S2 and progesterone receptor(PR)upon estrogen administration.Samples of ER-positive BCa were stained with ERα,PR,and SDCBP antibodies,and their expression correlations were analyzed.Results:We found that SDCBP silencing inhibited the proliferation of ER-positive BCa cells and arrested a greater number of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle compared to tamoxifen alone,while SDCBP overexpression limited the anti-cancer effects of tamoxifen.SDCBP silencing and overexpression also enhanced and attenuated the estrogenic response,respectively.Expression of SDCBP was negatively correlated with PR,ERα,and the PR/ERαratio in ER-positive BCa tissue samples.Conclusions:SDCBP may be involved in tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive BCa.Tamoxifen treatment combined with SDCBP silencing may provide a novel treatment for endocrine therapy-resistant BCa.
