Non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)become an interesting family of organic photovoltaic materials,and have attracted considerable interest for their great potential in manufacturing large-area flexible solar panels by low c...Non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)become an interesting family of organic photovoltaic materials,and have attracted considerable interest for their great potential in manufacturing large-area flexible solar panels by low cost coating methods[1–5].Recently,our group proposed in the first time an A-DA’D-A molecular strategy and synthesized a new class of non-fullerene acceptor Y6 with a record efficiency above 15%with single junction organic solar cells(OSCs)[6].To further improve the photovoltaic performance of OSCs,many effective strategies have been successfully explored,such as side-chain engineering and extension of fused core and terminal group engineering[7–12].As well-known,PCE of devices is determined by the open circuit voltage(Voc),short-circuit current density(Jsc)and fill factor(FF)[13].Among them,Voc is associated with low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)of donor and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)of acceptor of the active layer[14–16].Side-chain engineering is an effective strategy for manipulating energy levels and improving photovoltaic performance of devices[17–19].For example,introducing the alkyl/alkoxy chains can effectively tune the HOMO/LUMO energy levels[20–22].Tang et al.have reported a novel non-fullerene acceptor ITC6-IC.ITC6-IC has relatively high LUMO level and high Voc than those of ITIC due to the introduction of weak electrondonating hexyl group on thiophene[23].展开更多
Two cyanobacterial strains CHAB5870 and CHAB5871 morphologically identifi ed as Nostoc-like species were isolated from different habitats in China,and they were phylogenetically and taxonomically characterized based o...Two cyanobacterial strains CHAB5870 and CHAB5871 morphologically identifi ed as Nostoc-like species were isolated from different habitats in China,and they were phylogenetically and taxonomically characterized based on a polyphasic approach combining morphological,ecological,and molecular data.In the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny inferred using maximum likelihood,maximum-parismony,and bayesian inference methods,these two strains clustered within the Pseudoaliinostoc clade.The 16S rRNA gene sequences of these two strains displayed≥95.5%and≤98%similarity to Pseudoaliinostoc species,which indicated them to represent new species of the genus Pseudoaliinostoc.Furthermore,the unique pattern of D1-D1′and Box-B helix of the 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)secondary structure also revealed that two strains represented novel species.These results supported the establishment of two new Pseudoaliinostoc species with the name P.jiangxiense sp.nov.and P.yunnanense sp.nov.展开更多
The versatility and flexibility of organic photoelectric materials endow organic photovoltaic cells fine function modulation and huge commercial potential. In this work, a new noncovalent fused-ring small molecule acc...The versatility and flexibility of organic photoelectric materials endow organic photovoltaic cells fine function modulation and huge commercial potential. In this work, a new noncovalent fused-ring small molecule acceptor(SMA) BID-4 F has been synthesized for high-efficient organic solar cells(OSCs). BID-4 F consists of a diflurobenzothiadiazole(DFBT) core, ladder-like indacenodithiophene(IDT) spacers, and dicyanoindanone electron-withdrawing end groups, which are supposed to be conformationally interlocked by noncovalent interactions, leading to good molecular planarity. In addition, compact solid state stacking was revealed by UV–vis–NIR absorption spectrum. The optimized PM6:BID-4 F based device delivers an eminent power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 12.30% with a high open-circuit voltage(Voc) of 0.92 V and a high fill factor(FF) of 74.3%. Most importantly, the PCE and FF are among one of the highest values reported for the OSCs based on the unfused-ring SMAs. Overall, our work demonstrates that the unfused ring central framework with high molecular planarity through noncovalent interactions provides a good strategy to construct highly efficient SMAs.展开更多
Comprehensive Summary The activation of inert chemical bonds is an exciting area of research in chemistry because it enables the direct utilization of readily available starting materials and promotes atom-and step-ec...Comprehensive Summary The activation of inert chemical bonds is an exciting area of research in chemistry because it enables the direct utilization of readily available starting materials and promotes atom-and step-economic synthesis.Undoubtedly,selectively activating and transforming multiple inert chemical bonds is an even more intriguing and demanding task in synthetic chemistry.However,due to its inherent complexity and extreme challenges,this endeavour is rarely accomplished.We report a copper-mediated complete cleavage and selective transformation of multiple inert chemical bonds of three easily available feedstocks,i.e.,a sp^(2)C—H bond in indoles,three sp^(3)C—H bonds and one C—N bond in a methyl carbon atom in TMEDA,and the C≡N triple bond in CH_(3)CN.This reaction proceeds via tandem carbon and nitrogen atom transfer,and allows for the direct and efficient cyanation of indoles,presenting a simple and direct alternative for synthesizing 3-cyanoindoles.展开更多
Recent advances in material design for organic solar cells(OSCs)are primarily focused on developing near-infrared nonfullerene acceptors,typically A-DA′D-A type acceptors(where A abbreviates an electron-withdrawing m...Recent advances in material design for organic solar cells(OSCs)are primarily focused on developing near-infrared nonfullerene acceptors,typically A-DA′D-A type acceptors(where A abbreviates an electron-withdrawing moiety and D,an electron-donor moiety),to achieve high external quantum efficiency while maintaining low voltage loss.However,the charge transport is still constrained by unfavorable molecular conformations,resulting in high energetic disorder and limiting the device performance.Here,a facile design strategy is reported by introducing the"wing"(alkyl chains)at the terminal of the DA′D central core of the A-DA′D-A type acceptor to achieve a favorable and ordered molecular orientation and therefore facilitate charge carrier transport.Benefitting from the reduced disorder,the electron mobilities could be significantly enhanced for the"wing"-containing molecules.By carefully changing the length of alkyl chains,the mobility of acceptor has been tuned to match with that of donor,leading to a minimized charge imbalance factor and a high fill factor(FF).We further provide useful design strategies for highly efficient OSCs with high FF.展开更多
This study was designed to evaluate ERK5 expression in lung cancer and malignant melanoma progression and to ascertain the involvement of ERK5 signaling in lung cancer and melanoma.We show that ERK5 expression is abun...This study was designed to evaluate ERK5 expression in lung cancer and malignant melanoma progression and to ascertain the involvement of ERK5 signaling in lung cancer and melanoma.We show that ERK5 expression is abundant in human lung cancer samples,and elevated ERK5 expression in lung cancer was linked to the acquisition of increased metastatic and invasive potential.Importantly,we observed a significant correlation between ERK5 activity and FAK expression and its phosphorylation at the Ser910 site.Mechanistically,ERK5 increased the expression of the transcription factor USF1,which could transcriptionally upregulate FAK expression,resulting in FAK signaling activation to promote cell migration.We also provided evidence that the phosphorylation of FAK at Ser910 was due to ERK5 but not ERK1/2,and we then suggested a role for Ser910 in the control of cell motility.In addition,ERK5 had targets in addition to FAK that regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell motility in cancer cells.Taken together,our findings uncover a cancer metastasis-promoting role for ERK5 and provide the rationale for targeting ERK5 as a potential therapeutic approach.展开更多
Owing to the increasing incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)worldwide,effective and safe treatments for IBD are urgently needed.Hydrogen sulfide(H2S)is an endogenous gasotransmitter and plays an...Owing to the increasing incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)worldwide,effective and safe treatments for IBD are urgently needed.Hydrogen sulfide(H2S)is an endogenous gasotransmitter and plays an important role in inflammation.To date,H2S-releasing agents are viewed as potential anti-inflammatory drugs.The slow-releasing H_(2)S donor 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione(ADT-OH),known as a potent therapeutic with chemopreventive and cytoprotective properties,has received attention recently.Here,we reported its anti-inflammatory effects on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced acute(7 days)and chronic(30 days)colitis.We found that ADT-OH effectively reduced the DSS-colitis clinical score and reversed the inflammation-induced shortening of colon length.Moreover,ADT-OH reduced intestinal inflammation by suppressing the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway.In vivo and in vitro results showed that ADT-OH decreased intestinal permeability by increasing the expression of zonula occludens-1 and occludin and blocking increases in myosin II regulatory light chain phosphorylation and epithelial myosin light chain kinase protein expression levels.In addition,ADT-OH restored intestinal microbiota dysbiosis characterized by the significantly increased abundance of Muribaculaceae and Alistipes and markedly decreased abundance of Helicobacter,Mucispirillum,Parasutterella,and Desulfovibrio.Transplanting ADT-OH-modulated microbiota can alleviate DSS-induced colitis and negatively regulate the expression of local and systemic proinflammatory cytokines.Collectively,ADT-OH is safe without any short-term(5 days)or long-term(30 days)toxicological adverse effects and can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for IBD treatment.展开更多
文摘Non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)become an interesting family of organic photovoltaic materials,and have attracted considerable interest for their great potential in manufacturing large-area flexible solar panels by low cost coating methods[1–5].Recently,our group proposed in the first time an A-DA’D-A molecular strategy and synthesized a new class of non-fullerene acceptor Y6 with a record efficiency above 15%with single junction organic solar cells(OSCs)[6].To further improve the photovoltaic performance of OSCs,many effective strategies have been successfully explored,such as side-chain engineering and extension of fused core and terminal group engineering[7–12].As well-known,PCE of devices is determined by the open circuit voltage(Voc),short-circuit current density(Jsc)and fill factor(FF)[13].Among them,Voc is associated with low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)of donor and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)of acceptor of the active layer[14–16].Side-chain engineering is an effective strategy for manipulating energy levels and improving photovoltaic performance of devices[17–19].For example,introducing the alkyl/alkoxy chains can effectively tune the HOMO/LUMO energy levels[20–22].Tang et al.have reported a novel non-fullerene acceptor ITC6-IC.ITC6-IC has relatively high LUMO level and high Voc than those of ITIC due to the introduction of weak electrondonating hexyl group on thiophene[23].
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32000166)。
文摘Two cyanobacterial strains CHAB5870 and CHAB5871 morphologically identifi ed as Nostoc-like species were isolated from different habitats in China,and they were phylogenetically and taxonomically characterized based on a polyphasic approach combining morphological,ecological,and molecular data.In the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny inferred using maximum likelihood,maximum-parismony,and bayesian inference methods,these two strains clustered within the Pseudoaliinostoc clade.The 16S rRNA gene sequences of these two strains displayed≥95.5%and≤98%similarity to Pseudoaliinostoc species,which indicated them to represent new species of the genus Pseudoaliinostoc.Furthermore,the unique pattern of D1-D1′and Box-B helix of the 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)secondary structure also revealed that two strains represented novel species.These results supported the establishment of two new Pseudoaliinostoc species with the name P.jiangxiense sp.nov.and P.yunnanense sp.nov.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0206600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875286)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province (2017JJ1029)。
文摘The versatility and flexibility of organic photoelectric materials endow organic photovoltaic cells fine function modulation and huge commercial potential. In this work, a new noncovalent fused-ring small molecule acceptor(SMA) BID-4 F has been synthesized for high-efficient organic solar cells(OSCs). BID-4 F consists of a diflurobenzothiadiazole(DFBT) core, ladder-like indacenodithiophene(IDT) spacers, and dicyanoindanone electron-withdrawing end groups, which are supposed to be conformationally interlocked by noncovalent interactions, leading to good molecular planarity. In addition, compact solid state stacking was revealed by UV–vis–NIR absorption spectrum. The optimized PM6:BID-4 F based device delivers an eminent power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 12.30% with a high open-circuit voltage(Voc) of 0.92 V and a high fill factor(FF) of 74.3%. Most importantly, the PCE and FF are among one of the highest values reported for the OSCs based on the unfused-ring SMAs. Overall, our work demonstrates that the unfused ring central framework with high molecular planarity through noncovalent interactions provides a good strategy to construct highly efficient SMAs.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22378106,21878072,21706058,and 22002169)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2020JJ2011)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M662774).
文摘Comprehensive Summary The activation of inert chemical bonds is an exciting area of research in chemistry because it enables the direct utilization of readily available starting materials and promotes atom-and step-economic synthesis.Undoubtedly,selectively activating and transforming multiple inert chemical bonds is an even more intriguing and demanding task in synthetic chemistry.However,due to its inherent complexity and extreme challenges,this endeavour is rarely accomplished.We report a copper-mediated complete cleavage and selective transformation of multiple inert chemical bonds of three easily available feedstocks,i.e.,a sp^(2)C—H bond in indoles,three sp^(3)C—H bonds and one C—N bond in a methyl carbon atom in TMEDA,and the C≡N triple bond in CH_(3)CN.This reaction proceeds via tandem carbon and nitrogen atom transfer,and allows for the direct and efficient cyanation of indoles,presenting a simple and direct alternative for synthesizing 3-cyanoindoles.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Projects of China(2017YFA0206600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875286)+2 种基金Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province(2017JJ1029)InnovationDriven Project of Central South University(2020CX001)the Research Committee of HKBU(RC-ICRS/15-16/4A-SSK,FRG/16-17/077)。
文摘Recent advances in material design for organic solar cells(OSCs)are primarily focused on developing near-infrared nonfullerene acceptors,typically A-DA′D-A type acceptors(where A abbreviates an electron-withdrawing moiety and D,an electron-donor moiety),to achieve high external quantum efficiency while maintaining low voltage loss.However,the charge transport is still constrained by unfavorable molecular conformations,resulting in high energetic disorder and limiting the device performance.Here,a facile design strategy is reported by introducing the"wing"(alkyl chains)at the terminal of the DA′D central core of the A-DA′D-A type acceptor to achieve a favorable and ordered molecular orientation and therefore facilitate charge carrier transport.Benefitting from the reduced disorder,the electron mobilities could be significantly enhanced for the"wing"-containing molecules.By carefully changing the length of alkyl chains,the mobility of acceptor has been tuned to match with that of donor,leading to a minimized charge imbalance factor and a high fill factor(FF).We further provide useful design strategies for highly efficient OSCs with high FF.
基金This study was supported by grants from the Chinese National Natural Sciences Foundation(81773099,81570790)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0506000).
文摘This study was designed to evaluate ERK5 expression in lung cancer and malignant melanoma progression and to ascertain the involvement of ERK5 signaling in lung cancer and melanoma.We show that ERK5 expression is abundant in human lung cancer samples,and elevated ERK5 expression in lung cancer was linked to the acquisition of increased metastatic and invasive potential.Importantly,we observed a significant correlation between ERK5 activity and FAK expression and its phosphorylation at the Ser910 site.Mechanistically,ERK5 increased the expression of the transcription factor USF1,which could transcriptionally upregulate FAK expression,resulting in FAK signaling activation to promote cell migration.We also provided evidence that the phosphorylation of FAK at Ser910 was due to ERK5 but not ERK1/2,and we then suggested a role for Ser910 in the control of cell motility.In addition,ERK5 had targets in addition to FAK that regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell motility in cancer cells.Taken together,our findings uncover a cancer metastasis-promoting role for ERK5 and provide the rationale for targeting ERK5 as a potential therapeutic approach.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.82130106 and 32250016)Nanjing Special Fund for Life and Health Science and Technology (No.202110016)Changzhou Municipal Department of Science and Technology (Nos.CZ20210010,CJ20210024,and CJ20220019).
文摘Owing to the increasing incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)worldwide,effective and safe treatments for IBD are urgently needed.Hydrogen sulfide(H2S)is an endogenous gasotransmitter and plays an important role in inflammation.To date,H2S-releasing agents are viewed as potential anti-inflammatory drugs.The slow-releasing H_(2)S donor 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione(ADT-OH),known as a potent therapeutic with chemopreventive and cytoprotective properties,has received attention recently.Here,we reported its anti-inflammatory effects on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced acute(7 days)and chronic(30 days)colitis.We found that ADT-OH effectively reduced the DSS-colitis clinical score and reversed the inflammation-induced shortening of colon length.Moreover,ADT-OH reduced intestinal inflammation by suppressing the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway.In vivo and in vitro results showed that ADT-OH decreased intestinal permeability by increasing the expression of zonula occludens-1 and occludin and blocking increases in myosin II regulatory light chain phosphorylation and epithelial myosin light chain kinase protein expression levels.In addition,ADT-OH restored intestinal microbiota dysbiosis characterized by the significantly increased abundance of Muribaculaceae and Alistipes and markedly decreased abundance of Helicobacter,Mucispirillum,Parasutterella,and Desulfovibrio.Transplanting ADT-OH-modulated microbiota can alleviate DSS-induced colitis and negatively regulate the expression of local and systemic proinflammatory cytokines.Collectively,ADT-OH is safe without any short-term(5 days)or long-term(30 days)toxicological adverse effects and can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for IBD treatment.
