Cardiac arrest(CA)is a major global public health challenge,and its high morbidity and low survival rate pose severe tests for emergency and critical care.Although modern CPR techniques significantly improve the immed...Cardiac arrest(CA)is a major global public health challenge,and its high morbidity and low survival rate pose severe tests for emergency and critical care.Although modern CPR techniques significantly improve the immediate resuscitation success rate in CA patients,poor outcomes such as neurological impairment still significantly increase the long-term care burden and reduce the quality of survival.In recent years,the application of remote ischemic conditioning(RIC)has attracted much attention in the field of cardiac arrest through its unique myocardial-nerve dual protection mechanism against the heart.This paper summarizes the conceptual connotation,physiological mechanism,operation method,and its application progress in CA and explores the potential of this technology in the field of CA care in order to provide reference for the research and application of RIC in the field of emergency care.展开更多
Snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)(TPSC)has garnered significant attention as a crucial indicator of climate change,along with its variations and related climate processes.However,due to the complex terrain of th...Snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)(TPSC)has garnered significant attention as a crucial indicator of climate change,along with its variations and related climate processes.However,due to the complex terrain of the TP,most numerical models exhibit notable uncertainty in simulating snow conditions in this area.This study evaluates historical snow simulations and related climate anomalies over the TP in numerical models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).The CMIP6 model simulations are compared with two observation-based products across different seasons and temporal scales,and the results indicate that the CMIP6 multimodel ensemble(MME)mean reasonably captures the spatial distribution of the annual and seasonal climatological mean TP snow,albeit with weaker magnitudes compared to observations.The CMIP6 MME performs better over the western TP than the eastern regions,showing a higher reproducibility of the long-term warming trends and declining snow cover trends,partly due to the atmospheric circulation anomalies related to global warming.Additionally,some CMIP6 models successfully capture the interannual variability of TPSC and its relationship with associated climate factors.Our work emphasizes the importance of CMIP6 model selection and pays attention to data reliability in interpreting CMIP6 model results across different TP regions when studying snow cover variations and climate effects using numerical models.展开更多
The spring snow cover(SC)over the western Tibetan Plateau(TP)(TPSC)(W_TPSC)and eastern TPSC(E_TPSC)have displayed remarkable decreasing and increasing trends,respectively,during 1985–2020.The current work investigate...The spring snow cover(SC)over the western Tibetan Plateau(TP)(TPSC)(W_TPSC)and eastern TPSC(E_TPSC)have displayed remarkable decreasing and increasing trends,respectively,during 1985–2020.The current work investigates the possible mechanisms accounting for these distinct TPSC changes.Our results indicate that the decrease in W_TPSC is primarily attributed to rising temperatures,while the increase in E_TPSC is closely linked to enhanced precipitation.Local circulation analysis shows that the essential system responsible for the TPSC changes is a significant anticyclonic system centered over the northwestern TP.The anomalous descending motion and adiabatic heating linked to this anticyclone leads to warmer temperatures and consequent snowmelt over the western TP.Conversely,anomalous easterly winds along the southern flank of this anticyclone serve to transport additional moisture from the North Pacific,leading to an increase in snowfall over the eastern TP.Further analysis reveals that the anomalous anticyclone is associated with an atmospheric wave pattern that originates from upstream regions.Springtime warming of the subtropical North Atlantic(NA)sea surface temperature(SST)induces an atmospheric pattern resembling a wave train that travels eastward across the Eurasian continent before reaching the TP.Furthermore,the decline in winter sea ice(SIC)over the Barents Sea exerts a persistent warming influence on the atmosphere,inducing an anomalous atmospheric circulation that propagates southeastward and strengthens the northwest TP anticyclone in spring.Additionally,an enhancement of subtropical stationary waves has resulted in significant increases in easterly moisture fluxes over the coastal areas of East Asia,which further promotes more snowfall over eastern TP.展开更多
文摘Cardiac arrest(CA)is a major global public health challenge,and its high morbidity and low survival rate pose severe tests for emergency and critical care.Although modern CPR techniques significantly improve the immediate resuscitation success rate in CA patients,poor outcomes such as neurological impairment still significantly increase the long-term care burden and reduce the quality of survival.In recent years,the application of remote ischemic conditioning(RIC)has attracted much attention in the field of cardiac arrest through its unique myocardial-nerve dual protection mechanism against the heart.This paper summarizes the conceptual connotation,physiological mechanism,operation method,and its application progress in CA and explores the potential of this technology in the field of CA care in order to provide reference for the research and application of RIC in the field of emergency care.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.W2412145,42275031)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(Grant No.202302AN360006)。
文摘Snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)(TPSC)has garnered significant attention as a crucial indicator of climate change,along with its variations and related climate processes.However,due to the complex terrain of the TP,most numerical models exhibit notable uncertainty in simulating snow conditions in this area.This study evaluates historical snow simulations and related climate anomalies over the TP in numerical models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).The CMIP6 model simulations are compared with two observation-based products across different seasons and temporal scales,and the results indicate that the CMIP6 multimodel ensemble(MME)mean reasonably captures the spatial distribution of the annual and seasonal climatological mean TP snow,albeit with weaker magnitudes compared to observations.The CMIP6 MME performs better over the western TP than the eastern regions,showing a higher reproducibility of the long-term warming trends and declining snow cover trends,partly due to the atmospheric circulation anomalies related to global warming.Additionally,some CMIP6 models successfully capture the interannual variability of TPSC and its relationship with associated climate factors.Our work emphasizes the importance of CMIP6 model selection and pays attention to data reliability in interpreting CMIP6 model results across different TP regions when studying snow cover variations and climate effects using numerical models.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42075050)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.K20220232).
文摘The spring snow cover(SC)over the western Tibetan Plateau(TP)(TPSC)(W_TPSC)and eastern TPSC(E_TPSC)have displayed remarkable decreasing and increasing trends,respectively,during 1985–2020.The current work investigates the possible mechanisms accounting for these distinct TPSC changes.Our results indicate that the decrease in W_TPSC is primarily attributed to rising temperatures,while the increase in E_TPSC is closely linked to enhanced precipitation.Local circulation analysis shows that the essential system responsible for the TPSC changes is a significant anticyclonic system centered over the northwestern TP.The anomalous descending motion and adiabatic heating linked to this anticyclone leads to warmer temperatures and consequent snowmelt over the western TP.Conversely,anomalous easterly winds along the southern flank of this anticyclone serve to transport additional moisture from the North Pacific,leading to an increase in snowfall over the eastern TP.Further analysis reveals that the anomalous anticyclone is associated with an atmospheric wave pattern that originates from upstream regions.Springtime warming of the subtropical North Atlantic(NA)sea surface temperature(SST)induces an atmospheric pattern resembling a wave train that travels eastward across the Eurasian continent before reaching the TP.Furthermore,the decline in winter sea ice(SIC)over the Barents Sea exerts a persistent warming influence on the atmosphere,inducing an anomalous atmospheric circulation that propagates southeastward and strengthens the northwest TP anticyclone in spring.Additionally,an enhancement of subtropical stationary waves has resulted in significant increases in easterly moisture fluxes over the coastal areas of East Asia,which further promotes more snowfall over eastern TP.
