目的:分析高级别胃肠胰神经内分泌肿瘤(high-grade G3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,GEP NET G3)的临床病理特征及生存预后影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2012年9月至2019年7月间北京大学肿瘤医院收治的86例GEP NET G3,收...目的:分析高级别胃肠胰神经内分泌肿瘤(high-grade G3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,GEP NET G3)的临床病理特征及生存预后影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2012年9月至2019年7月间北京大学肿瘤医院收治的86例GEP NET G3,收集临床病理及随访资料,采用单因素Log-rank检验和多因素Cox回归模型进行预后影响因素分析。结果:86例GEP NET G3的原发肿瘤部位包括胰腺(40例)、胃肠(37例)以及原发肿瘤不明(9例)。镜检肿瘤均分化良好,呈器官样、巢状生长,局灶可见假腺样、细条索样或缎带样结构。免疫组织化学分析显示,肿瘤的Ki-67指数范围为21%~60%,中位值为30%,生长抑素受体2(somatostatin receptor type 2,SSTR2)的阳性率为83.9%(26/31),在检测病例中没有发现微卫星不稳定和P53异常表达(分别为0/24、0/11)。生存分析表明,获得随访的76例患者,27例患者死亡,中位生存时间为48.6(26.6~70.6)个月,确诊时有无远处转移和能否进行根治性手术切除对患者的总生存影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但患者的年龄、性别、原发肿瘤部位、确诊时血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)水平以及Ki-67指数对患者的总生存影响无显著差异(P>0.05)。多因素分析显示,确诊时有远处转移是影响患者生存的独立危险因素(P=0.01;HR=7.33,95%CI:1.56~34.10)。结论:GEP NET G3的确诊依赖于组织病理学和免疫组织化学检测,易发生远处转移是其临床特点和主要的预后影响因素。展开更多
Background: Existing studies have found that some inflammatory factors cause brain cell damage through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and that mild hypothermia has a protective effect on nerve cells. It is not clear whether...Background: Existing studies have found that some inflammatory factors cause brain cell damage through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and that mild hypothermia has a protective effect on nerve cells. It is not clear whether the mild hypothermic brain protection is achieved through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in microglia. Objective: To investigate the impacts of mild hypothermia on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in microglia. Method: The cultured microglia cells in vitro were divided into the NS group and the LPS group at 33?C and 37?C, respectively;quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA in the microglia, Western blot was used to detect the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB protein in the microglia, and ELISA was performed to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the culture medium. Results: Under the LPS stimulation, the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB at different time points had significant changes between the normothermia group and the mild hypothermia group, in which the expressions in the former group were firstly increased and then decreased, while those in the latter showed a continuous increasing trend (P < 0.01);and the expressions of TNF-α in all the groups presented the trend of first-increasing then-decreasing, while IL-10 exhibited one slow linear increasing trend (P Conclusions: Mild hypothermia could inhibit the mRNA and protein expressions of LPS-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the microglia, and inhibit the production and release of downstream inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10).展开更多
Porous titanium scaffold with suitable porous architecture exhibits enormous potentials for bone defect repairs.However,insufficient osteointegration and osteoinduction still remain to open as one of the major problem...Porous titanium scaffold with suitable porous architecture exhibits enormous potentials for bone defect repairs.However,insufficient osteointegration and osteoinduction still remain to open as one of the major problems to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effect.To solve this problem,many studies have been carried out to improve the bioactivity of porous titanium scaff old by surface modifications.In this study,porous Ti6Al4V scaff olds were fabricated using additive manufacturing technique.Porous architectures were built up based on a diamond pore structure unit.Alkali–acid-heat(AH)treatment was applied to create a TiO2 layer on the porous Ti6Al4V scaff old(AH-porous Ti6Al4V).Subsequently,a hydrothermal treatment was employed to enable the formation of HA coating with nanopillar-like morphology on the alkali–acid-heat-treated surface(HT/AH-porous Ti6Al4V).The effects of surface modifications on apatite-forming ability,protein adsorption,cell attachment,cell proliferation and osteogenic gene expression were studied using apatite-forming ability test,protein adsorption assay and in vitro cell culture assay.It was found that the HT/AH-porous Ti6Al4V exhibited the highest apatite formation ability and best affinity to fibronectin and vitronectin.In vitro studies indicated that the mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)cultured on the HT/AH-porous Ti6Al4V presented improved adhesion and differentiation compared with the porous Ti6Al4V and AH-porous Ti6Al4V.展开更多
Recently,reversible data hiding in encrypted image(RDHEI)has attracted extensive attention,which can be used in secure cloud computing and privacy protection effectively.In this paper,a novel RDHEI scheme based on blo...Recently,reversible data hiding in encrypted image(RDHEI)has attracted extensive attention,which can be used in secure cloud computing and privacy protection effectively.In this paper,a novel RDHEI scheme based on block classification and permutation is proposed.Content owner first divides original image into non-overlapping blocks and then set a threshold to classify these blocks into smooth and non-smooth blocks respectively.After block classification,content owner utilizes a specific encryption method,including stream cipher encryption and block permutation to protect image content securely.For the encrypted image,data hider embeds additional secret information in the most significant bits(MSB)of the encrypted pixels in smooth blocks and the final marked image can be obtained.At the receiver side,secret data will be extracted correctly with data-hiding key.When receiver only has encryption key,after stream cipher decryption,block scrambling decryption and MSB error prediction with threshold,decrypted image will be achieved.When data hiding key and encryption key are both obtained,receiver can find the smooth and non-smooth blocks correctly and MSB in smooth blocks will be predicted correctly,hence,receiver can recover marked image losslessly.Experimental results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve better rate-distortion performance than some of state-of-the-art schemes.展开更多
Objective： To study the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer by small interfering RNA（siRNA） targeting human prolactin （hPRLR） and the underlying mechanisms. Methods：The siRNA targeting hPRLR was chemica...Objective： To study the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer by small interfering RNA（siRNA） targeting human prolactin （hPRLR） and the underlying mechanisms. Methods：The siRNA targeting hPRLR was chemically synthesized and transfected into MCF-7 cells, the expression of hPRLR was analyzed by real-time quantitive PCR, cell growth inhibition was measured with MTT assay, cell cycle of the transfected cells was examined by flow cytometry, meanwhile, expression of cyclin D1 was tested by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Results：24 h after transfection with 100 nmol/L siRNA-PRLR, the expression of hPRLR mRNA was suppressed by 65%, cells in G1 phase increased, but cells in S phase decreased. Down regulated hPRLR expression exhibited significant inhibition in cell proliferation. And the expression of cyclin D 1 was down regulated. Conclusion：The results indicate that siRNA-hPRLR is a useful tool for silencing hPRLR expression and inhibiting cell proliferation in breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, and it may be a possible new approach for breast cancer gene therapy.展开更多
Redox-active organic materials are emerging as the new playground for the design of new exciting battery materials for rechargeable batteries because of the merits including structural diversity and tunable electroche...Redox-active organic materials are emerging as the new playground for the design of new exciting battery materials for rechargeable batteries because of the merits including structural diversity and tunable electrochemical properties that are not easily accessible for the inorganic counterparts.More importantly,the sustainability developed by using naturally abundant chemical elements(C,H,N,O and S) makes them as an ideal alternative material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the identification and screening of proper organic materials is still challenging in the past decades.Assisted by the artificial intelligence,this review will give a summary of the theoretical design aspects of redox-active organic materials from densityfunctional theory(DFT) to machine learning(ML) methods in the past two decades,with a particular emphasis on the calculation method to predict the chemical/electrochemical stability and reversibility.This review will also analyze and discuss the challenges and perspectives for the development of organic battery materials.展开更多
The stability issue has been acknowledged as the bottleneck in the practical application of perovskite photovoltaics,while the stabilized interface between the perovskites and charge transport layers dominates their s...The stability issue has been acknowledged as the bottleneck in the practical application of perovskite photovoltaics,while the stabilized interface between the perovskites and charge transport layers dominates their stability performance under different stresses.Here,we developed a high-performance sulfurized zinc-titanium mixed oxide(ZTO-S)electron transport layer(ETL)to fabricate large-area efficient and long-term 85℃/85%RH stable perovskite solar modules.The scalably prepared ZTO-S using the facile spray coating method demonstrates excellent electron mobility close to that of Zn O,in addition to promoting the uniform crystallization of perovskite film across the entire module via the interaction between surface S and Pb^(2+).Furthermore,this novel coordination stabilized the interface and reduced the interfacial non-radiative recombination defects within the devices,yielding an efficient and stable performance for the modules.High efficiency of 21.73%and 17.50%was achieved for blade-coated 36 cm^(2)and 100 cm^(2)perovskite solar modules,respectively.In addition,the encapsulated module(36 cm^(2))shows an attractive humidity and heat stability(85℃/85%RH)performance with a maintained 93.5%of the initial PCE over 1000 h.展开更多
文摘目的:分析高级别胃肠胰神经内分泌肿瘤(high-grade G3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,GEP NET G3)的临床病理特征及生存预后影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2012年9月至2019年7月间北京大学肿瘤医院收治的86例GEP NET G3,收集临床病理及随访资料,采用单因素Log-rank检验和多因素Cox回归模型进行预后影响因素分析。结果:86例GEP NET G3的原发肿瘤部位包括胰腺(40例)、胃肠(37例)以及原发肿瘤不明(9例)。镜检肿瘤均分化良好,呈器官样、巢状生长,局灶可见假腺样、细条索样或缎带样结构。免疫组织化学分析显示,肿瘤的Ki-67指数范围为21%~60%,中位值为30%,生长抑素受体2(somatostatin receptor type 2,SSTR2)的阳性率为83.9%(26/31),在检测病例中没有发现微卫星不稳定和P53异常表达(分别为0/24、0/11)。生存分析表明,获得随访的76例患者,27例患者死亡,中位生存时间为48.6(26.6~70.6)个月,确诊时有无远处转移和能否进行根治性手术切除对患者的总生存影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但患者的年龄、性别、原发肿瘤部位、确诊时血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)水平以及Ki-67指数对患者的总生存影响无显著差异(P>0.05)。多因素分析显示,确诊时有远处转移是影响患者生存的独立危险因素(P=0.01;HR=7.33,95%CI:1.56~34.10)。结论:GEP NET G3的确诊依赖于组织病理学和免疫组织化学检测,易发生远处转移是其临床特点和主要的预后影响因素。
文摘Background: Existing studies have found that some inflammatory factors cause brain cell damage through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and that mild hypothermia has a protective effect on nerve cells. It is not clear whether the mild hypothermic brain protection is achieved through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in microglia. Objective: To investigate the impacts of mild hypothermia on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in microglia. Method: The cultured microglia cells in vitro were divided into the NS group and the LPS group at 33?C and 37?C, respectively;quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA in the microglia, Western blot was used to detect the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB protein in the microglia, and ELISA was performed to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the culture medium. Results: Under the LPS stimulation, the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB at different time points had significant changes between the normothermia group and the mild hypothermia group, in which the expressions in the former group were firstly increased and then decreased, while those in the latter showed a continuous increasing trend (P < 0.01);and the expressions of TNF-α in all the groups presented the trend of first-increasing then-decreasing, while IL-10 exhibited one slow linear increasing trend (P Conclusions: Mild hypothermia could inhibit the mRNA and protein expressions of LPS-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the microglia, and inhibit the production and release of downstream inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10).
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC1102000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81672139 and 81702129)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 171479)the Doctor Initial Foundation of Liaoning Province (No. 20170520017)the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University (No. DLDXZSYY-DK201701)
文摘Porous titanium scaffold with suitable porous architecture exhibits enormous potentials for bone defect repairs.However,insufficient osteointegration and osteoinduction still remain to open as one of the major problems to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effect.To solve this problem,many studies have been carried out to improve the bioactivity of porous titanium scaff old by surface modifications.In this study,porous Ti6Al4V scaff olds were fabricated using additive manufacturing technique.Porous architectures were built up based on a diamond pore structure unit.Alkali–acid-heat(AH)treatment was applied to create a TiO2 layer on the porous Ti6Al4V scaff old(AH-porous Ti6Al4V).Subsequently,a hydrothermal treatment was employed to enable the formation of HA coating with nanopillar-like morphology on the alkali–acid-heat-treated surface(HT/AH-porous Ti6Al4V).The effects of surface modifications on apatite-forming ability,protein adsorption,cell attachment,cell proliferation and osteogenic gene expression were studied using apatite-forming ability test,protein adsorption assay and in vitro cell culture assay.It was found that the HT/AH-porous Ti6Al4V exhibited the highest apatite formation ability and best affinity to fibronectin and vitronectin.In vitro studies indicated that the mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)cultured on the HT/AH-porous Ti6Al4V presented improved adhesion and differentiation compared with the porous Ti6Al4V and AH-porous Ti6Al4V.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61672354,61702332).
文摘Recently,reversible data hiding in encrypted image(RDHEI)has attracted extensive attention,which can be used in secure cloud computing and privacy protection effectively.In this paper,a novel RDHEI scheme based on block classification and permutation is proposed.Content owner first divides original image into non-overlapping blocks and then set a threshold to classify these blocks into smooth and non-smooth blocks respectively.After block classification,content owner utilizes a specific encryption method,including stream cipher encryption and block permutation to protect image content securely.For the encrypted image,data hider embeds additional secret information in the most significant bits(MSB)of the encrypted pixels in smooth blocks and the final marked image can be obtained.At the receiver side,secret data will be extracted correctly with data-hiding key.When receiver only has encryption key,after stream cipher decryption,block scrambling decryption and MSB error prediction with threshold,decrypted image will be achieved.When data hiding key and encryption key are both obtained,receiver can find the smooth and non-smooth blocks correctly and MSB in smooth blocks will be predicted correctly,hence,receiver can recover marked image losslessly.Experimental results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve better rate-distortion performance than some of state-of-the-art schemes.
基金This project was supported by Scientific Foundation of Nanjing Medical University(CX2002004)
文摘Objective： To study the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer by small interfering RNA（siRNA） targeting human prolactin （hPRLR） and the underlying mechanisms. Methods：The siRNA targeting hPRLR was chemically synthesized and transfected into MCF-7 cells, the expression of hPRLR was analyzed by real-time quantitive PCR, cell growth inhibition was measured with MTT assay, cell cycle of the transfected cells was examined by flow cytometry, meanwhile, expression of cyclin D1 was tested by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Results：24 h after transfection with 100 nmol/L siRNA-PRLR, the expression of hPRLR mRNA was suppressed by 65%, cells in G1 phase increased, but cells in S phase decreased. Down regulated hPRLR expression exhibited significant inhibition in cell proliferation. And the expression of cyclin D 1 was down regulated. Conclusion：The results indicate that siRNA-hPRLR is a useful tool for silencing hPRLR expression and inhibiting cell proliferation in breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, and it may be a possible new approach for breast cancer gene therapy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22179031 and 22109111)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Nos. LY22B030008 and LQ22B030006)+3 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)the 111 Projectthe Open Research Fund of CNMGE Platform & NSCC-TJ (No. CNGME202101006)the support from Hefei advanced computing center。
文摘Redox-active organic materials are emerging as the new playground for the design of new exciting battery materials for rechargeable batteries because of the merits including structural diversity and tunable electrochemical properties that are not easily accessible for the inorganic counterparts.More importantly,the sustainability developed by using naturally abundant chemical elements(C,H,N,O and S) makes them as an ideal alternative material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the identification and screening of proper organic materials is still challenging in the past decades.Assisted by the artificial intelligence,this review will give a summary of the theoretical design aspects of redox-active organic materials from densityfunctional theory(DFT) to machine learning(ML) methods in the past two decades,with a particular emphasis on the calculation method to predict the chemical/electrochemical stability and reversibility.This review will also analyze and discuss the challenges and perspectives for the development of organic battery materials.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3401604)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20202ACB214008)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Programs of Fujian Province(2022H0005)the Key Scientific and Technological Program of Xiamen(3502Z20211002)the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics(IOSKL2020KF12)the Science and Technology Projects of Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(RD2020020101)。
文摘The stability issue has been acknowledged as the bottleneck in the practical application of perovskite photovoltaics,while the stabilized interface between the perovskites and charge transport layers dominates their stability performance under different stresses.Here,we developed a high-performance sulfurized zinc-titanium mixed oxide(ZTO-S)electron transport layer(ETL)to fabricate large-area efficient and long-term 85℃/85%RH stable perovskite solar modules.The scalably prepared ZTO-S using the facile spray coating method demonstrates excellent electron mobility close to that of Zn O,in addition to promoting the uniform crystallization of perovskite film across the entire module via the interaction between surface S and Pb^(2+).Furthermore,this novel coordination stabilized the interface and reduced the interfacial non-radiative recombination defects within the devices,yielding an efficient and stable performance for the modules.High efficiency of 21.73%and 17.50%was achieved for blade-coated 36 cm^(2)and 100 cm^(2)perovskite solar modules,respectively.In addition,the encapsulated module(36 cm^(2))shows an attractive humidity and heat stability(85℃/85%RH)performance with a maintained 93.5%of the initial PCE over 1000 h.
