目的通过Meta分析总结高血压患者发生心血管疾病(Cardiovascular disease,CVD)相关危险因素,为推动CVD防治关口前移提供循证医学依据。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science及CINAHL数据库中公开发表的有关...目的通过Meta分析总结高血压患者发生心血管疾病(Cardiovascular disease,CVD)相关危险因素,为推动CVD防治关口前移提供循证医学依据。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science及CINAHL数据库中公开发表的有关高血压患者发生CVD相关危险因素的英文文献,检索时间截至2022年12月。2位研究者独立提取被纳入文献的相关数据,采用Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入60篇文献、19种危险因素,共计2659691例患者。Meta分析结果显示,男性(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.23~1.74)、衰老(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.26~0.50)、糖尿病(OR=2.06,95%CI:1.53~2.78)、胆固醇偏高(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.40~0.88)、肾小球滤过率偏低(OR=2.61,95%CI:2.05~3.32)、贫血(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.80~3.42)、睡眠呼吸暂停(OR=2.2,95%CI:1.62~2.99)、低体能状态(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.00~2.31)、血压控制不佳(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.40~0.76)、高血压治疗经历(OR=1.4,95%CI:1.15~1.70)、抑郁(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.44~2.29)均是高血压人群发生CVD事件的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。亚组分析显示,男性高血压患者发生冠心病风险高于女性,年龄偏高组、尿蛋白偏高组患者发生非死亡性CVD事件风险较高,而糖尿病组患者发生CVD死亡的风险较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论男性、衰老、糖尿病、胆固醇偏高、肾小球滤过率偏低、贫血、睡眠呼吸暂停、低体能状态、血压控制不佳、高血压治疗经历、抑郁均是高血压患者发生CVD事件的危险因素,提示对该类人群进行CVD一级预防的重点是优化合并症管理,同时控制原发病并提升机体运动能力。展开更多
目的探讨海马γ振荡异常在脓毒症相关性脑病(sepsis-associated encephalopathy,SAE)中的作用。方法成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠(2~3个月龄)70只,采用盲肠结扎穿孔术(cecal ligation and puncture,CLP)建立SAE动物模型,根据随机数字表法...目的探讨海马γ振荡异常在脓毒症相关性脑病(sepsis-associated encephalopathy,SAE)中的作用。方法成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠(2~3个月龄)70只,采用盲肠结扎穿孔术(cecal ligation and puncture,CLP)建立SAE动物模型,根据随机数字表法,随机分为三组:假手术组(sham组),CLP组及CLP+多巴胺4(dopamine 4,D4)受体激动剂RO-10-5824组。于术后第10~14天分别行旷场、新物体识别及条件恐惧实验;行为学结束后取海马组织检测微清蛋白(parvalbumin,PV)与D4受体表达情况;行海马CA1场电位检测,并分析其与大鼠新事物探索时间的关系。计量资料两两比较采用独立t检验,多组间的差异采用单因素方差分析,多重比较采用Tukey法。相关性分析采用Pearson法。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果与对照组相比,CLP组海马PV(77.54±4.61)%、D4受体(56.36±3.88)%及γ振荡能量(41.1±8.62)%,新事物接触时间(36±3)s、新事物识别率(49±4)%与场景僵直时间(56±7)s均显著降低(P<0.05),而RO-10-5824可上调γ振荡能量(92.3±6.7)%,逆转降低的新事物接触时间(44±3)s和新事物识别率(63±4)%。相关分析显示海马CA1区γ振荡能量与新事物接触时间成正相关(r=0.6092,P=0.0159)。然而,各组动物在总探索路程和中央格停留时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论海马γ振荡异常在SAE的认知功能障碍中发挥关键作用。展开更多
In modern society,female parents from different strata are involved in the process of constructing their motherhood through education.But mothers of different social classes have different ways of acting.Amid increasi...In modern society,female parents from different strata are involved in the process of constructing their motherhood through education.But mothers of different social classes have different ways of acting.Amid increasingly fierce educational competition,the mothers of ordinary working families move into the school neighborhood to look after their children as the college entrance examination(gaokao)approaches,and construct their“student guardian motherhood”status through their task of accompanying their children’s study.This paper takes as its subject mothers as student guardians in M Town,a typical gaokao community,providing a structural analysis of the features of such mothers’educational labor and production relations from the perspective of gender and class.Seen in the light of the family’s gendered division of labor,the educational work of student guardian mothers is a new form of housework.In terms of the content of its division of labor,the student guardian work of mothers dedicated to their children’s well-being counts as“low-end”work,an overflow from links in the division of labor in school education.On the one hand,due to their lack of cultural capital,the relationship between parents and schools is one of“accompanying”and“submission.”On the other,these parents consciously keep their distance from“quality education”and form an organic compound with the schools’efficient exam-centered education.The traditional Chinese idea of“hoping one’s sons become dragons”[achieve greatness]and the modern“child-centered”concept of nurturing jointly shape the image of student guardian mothers who work as service-oriented mothers in tandem with school education.The function of student guardians is not only the educational labor of“looking after the children”enjoined on middle-and lower-class female parents by the current division of education and social labor,but also an active and rational action strategy adopted by working class Chinese mothers striving for their children’s academic success.展开更多
文摘In modern society,female parents from different strata are involved in the process of constructing their motherhood through education.But mothers of different social classes have different ways of acting.Amid increasingly fierce educational competition,the mothers of ordinary working families move into the school neighborhood to look after their children as the college entrance examination(gaokao)approaches,and construct their“student guardian motherhood”status through their task of accompanying their children’s study.This paper takes as its subject mothers as student guardians in M Town,a typical gaokao community,providing a structural analysis of the features of such mothers’educational labor and production relations from the perspective of gender and class.Seen in the light of the family’s gendered division of labor,the educational work of student guardian mothers is a new form of housework.In terms of the content of its division of labor,the student guardian work of mothers dedicated to their children’s well-being counts as“low-end”work,an overflow from links in the division of labor in school education.On the one hand,due to their lack of cultural capital,the relationship between parents and schools is one of“accompanying”and“submission.”On the other,these parents consciously keep their distance from“quality education”and form an organic compound with the schools’efficient exam-centered education.The traditional Chinese idea of“hoping one’s sons become dragons”[achieve greatness]and the modern“child-centered”concept of nurturing jointly shape the image of student guardian mothers who work as service-oriented mothers in tandem with school education.The function of student guardians is not only the educational labor of“looking after the children”enjoined on middle-and lower-class female parents by the current division of education and social labor,but also an active and rational action strategy adopted by working class Chinese mothers striving for their children’s academic success.
