The improvement of agriculture through irrigation farming is now of great need in the country Nigeria and Delta State. The country is going through a phase of famine and food insecurity caused by climate change and ra...The improvement of agriculture through irrigation farming is now of great need in the country Nigeria and Delta State. The country is going through a phase of famine and food insecurity caused by climate change and rain dependent agricultural practices. The aim of the study therefore, was to evaluate the quality of water from River Ethiope in Southern Nigeria for irrigation agriculture purposes using the percentage sodium (%Na), sodium-adsorption ratio (SAR) and irrigation-water quality index (IWQ1) techniques. The study deployed the experimental design and water samples were collected from different segments of the Ethiope River. A total of 144 water samples were collected and analysed for physicochemical parameters quality (EC, HCO3, Cl−, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+) from January to December, 2022. The results showed that all the calculated values for %Na were within the classified rating of 20 < N ≤ 40 and 60 < Na ≤ 80;while SAR were within the range of 0 < SAR ≤ 10. The recorded values of IWQI were within the range of 70 - 55 and 55 - 40. This implies that the water is good to doubtful for %Na, excellent for SAR and of moderate and high restrictions for IWQI. Water was adjudged to be good for irrigation activities, and should be applicable in areas with moderate and high soil permeability. The routine testing of the water to ascertain physicochemical parameters quality regularly, in order not to affect its use for irrigation was among the recommendations. This finding herein shall be of use to Water Resources and Agriculture ministries in Nigeria.展开更多
This study aimed at examining the impact of flooding on wheel-bearings and wheel-shaft in Abraka. The empirical and survey research designs were employed for the study. 42 checklists were dropped at the various mechan...This study aimed at examining the impact of flooding on wheel-bearings and wheel-shaft in Abraka. The empirical and survey research designs were employed for the study. 42 checklists were dropped at the various mechanic workshops to collect data on the number of wheel-shaft and wheel-bearing changed weekly for five years and flood depths were measured for a period of five years. The simple linear regression was employed for data analysis. Findings include that: when the flood depth is at 0.10 feet in January the number of wheel-shaft and wheel-bearings changed is 396 and 220 pcs respectively. When flood depth is at 4.57 feet in August 3749 shafts and 1451 bearings were changed respectively. The regressions analysis showed that the relationship between wheel-shaft and flooding was r = 0.64, and the model was significant at p (0.00) < 0.05. Similarly, regressions analysis showed that the relationship between wheel-bearing and flooding was r = 0.62, and the model was significant at p (0.00) < 0.05. It therefore follows that impairment of wheel-shaft and wheel-bearing significantly depends on flooding events in Abraka. The following recommendations were made: construction of street side channels to drain of flood from the streets;checking the shafts and wheels hubs at regular intervals and re-grease when necessary etc.展开更多
This study centers on applying the statistical downscaling technique to the daily minimum and maximum temperatures of Port Harcourt from the period 1985-2014. To select the period of calibration, the wilby and wigley ...This study centers on applying the statistical downscaling technique to the daily minimum and maximum temperatures of Port Harcourt from the period 1985-2014. To select the period of calibration, the wilby and wigley assumption of 2014 was adopted. However, the Bruckner circle assumption was adopted in selecting the normal under review. Secondary data of minimum and maximum temperatures for Port Harcourt were collected from the archive of Nigerian meteorological agency (NIMET). The grid cell of the HadCM3 corresponding to the Port Harcourt meteorological station was selected from the HadCM3 website to generate the largescale predictors. Data for temperature was there after normalized for the period of calibration. To analyze data, ANOVA and Paired t tests were used. Result showed that, the model was significant at p °C from 1960-2080, while for B2 the increase will be 0.18°C for same period. For minimum temperature, the ANOVA also showed a difference of 0.21°C and 0.11°C for A2 and B2 respectively. The paired t test statistics showed that these variations in temperatures for both maximum and minimum at A2 and B2 scenarios are significant at p < 0.05. Reforestation, afforestation, carbon sequestration are strongly advocated.展开更多
文摘The improvement of agriculture through irrigation farming is now of great need in the country Nigeria and Delta State. The country is going through a phase of famine and food insecurity caused by climate change and rain dependent agricultural practices. The aim of the study therefore, was to evaluate the quality of water from River Ethiope in Southern Nigeria for irrigation agriculture purposes using the percentage sodium (%Na), sodium-adsorption ratio (SAR) and irrigation-water quality index (IWQ1) techniques. The study deployed the experimental design and water samples were collected from different segments of the Ethiope River. A total of 144 water samples were collected and analysed for physicochemical parameters quality (EC, HCO3, Cl−, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+) from January to December, 2022. The results showed that all the calculated values for %Na were within the classified rating of 20 < N ≤ 40 and 60 < Na ≤ 80;while SAR were within the range of 0 < SAR ≤ 10. The recorded values of IWQI were within the range of 70 - 55 and 55 - 40. This implies that the water is good to doubtful for %Na, excellent for SAR and of moderate and high restrictions for IWQI. Water was adjudged to be good for irrigation activities, and should be applicable in areas with moderate and high soil permeability. The routine testing of the water to ascertain physicochemical parameters quality regularly, in order not to affect its use for irrigation was among the recommendations. This finding herein shall be of use to Water Resources and Agriculture ministries in Nigeria.
文摘This study aimed at examining the impact of flooding on wheel-bearings and wheel-shaft in Abraka. The empirical and survey research designs were employed for the study. 42 checklists were dropped at the various mechanic workshops to collect data on the number of wheel-shaft and wheel-bearing changed weekly for five years and flood depths were measured for a period of five years. The simple linear regression was employed for data analysis. Findings include that: when the flood depth is at 0.10 feet in January the number of wheel-shaft and wheel-bearings changed is 396 and 220 pcs respectively. When flood depth is at 4.57 feet in August 3749 shafts and 1451 bearings were changed respectively. The regressions analysis showed that the relationship between wheel-shaft and flooding was r = 0.64, and the model was significant at p (0.00) < 0.05. Similarly, regressions analysis showed that the relationship between wheel-bearing and flooding was r = 0.62, and the model was significant at p (0.00) < 0.05. It therefore follows that impairment of wheel-shaft and wheel-bearing significantly depends on flooding events in Abraka. The following recommendations were made: construction of street side channels to drain of flood from the streets;checking the shafts and wheels hubs at regular intervals and re-grease when necessary etc.
文摘This study centers on applying the statistical downscaling technique to the daily minimum and maximum temperatures of Port Harcourt from the period 1985-2014. To select the period of calibration, the wilby and wigley assumption of 2014 was adopted. However, the Bruckner circle assumption was adopted in selecting the normal under review. Secondary data of minimum and maximum temperatures for Port Harcourt were collected from the archive of Nigerian meteorological agency (NIMET). The grid cell of the HadCM3 corresponding to the Port Harcourt meteorological station was selected from the HadCM3 website to generate the largescale predictors. Data for temperature was there after normalized for the period of calibration. To analyze data, ANOVA and Paired t tests were used. Result showed that, the model was significant at p °C from 1960-2080, while for B2 the increase will be 0.18°C for same period. For minimum temperature, the ANOVA also showed a difference of 0.21°C and 0.11°C for A2 and B2 respectively. The paired t test statistics showed that these variations in temperatures for both maximum and minimum at A2 and B2 scenarios are significant at p < 0.05. Reforestation, afforestation, carbon sequestration are strongly advocated.
