NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,and CUC2)transcription factors(TFs)are a family of plant-specific TFs that play crucial roles in various aspects of plant development and stress responses.Here,we provide an in-depth review of the stru...NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,and CUC2)transcription factors(TFs)are a family of plant-specific TFs that play crucial roles in various aspects of plant development and stress responses.Here,we provide an in-depth review of the structural characteristics,regulatory mechanisms,and functional roles of NACs in different plant species.One of the key features of NACs is their ability to regulate gene expression through a variety of mechanisms,including binding to DNA sequences in the promoter regions of target genes,interacting with other TFs,and modulating chromatin structure.We discuss these mechanisms in detail,providing insights into the complex regulatory networks that govern the activity of NACs.We explore the diverse functions of these TFs in plant growth and development processes,including embryogenesis,seed development,root and shoot development,floral development and fruit ripening,secondary cell wall formation,and senescence.We also discuss the diverse regulatory roles of NACs in response to various stresses,including drought,flooding,heat,cold,salinity,nutrient deficit,and diseases.Lastly,we emphasize the crosstalk role of NACs between developmental processes and stress responses.This integrated perspective highlights how NACs orchestrate plant growth and resilience.Overall,this review provides a comprehensive overview of the pivotal roles of NACs in plant development and stress responses,emphasizing their potential for engineering stress-resistant crops and enhancing agricultural productivity.展开更多
Drought stress severely limits rice productivity.Understanding of drought-response mechanisms in rice is essential for developing climate-resilient varieties.While cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases(CRKs)are primaril...Drought stress severely limits rice productivity.Understanding of drought-response mechanisms in rice is essential for developing climate-resilient varieties.While cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases(CRKs)are primarily implicated in plant development and immunity,their role in drought response remains poorly understood.In this study,we identified a CRK,OsCRK14,as a key positive regulator of drought resistance in rice.We demonstrated that plasma membrane-localized OsCRK14 phosphorylates the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase OsRLCK57 under drought stress,leading to activate a mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascade(OsMKKK10-OsMKK4-OsMPK6).Activated OsMPK6 directly phosphorylates the abscisic acid-responsive transcription factor OsbZIP66 at conserved Serine-Proline/Threonine-Proline motifs,enhancing its stability and promoting drought-responsive gene expression.Furthermore,we found that natural variations in the OsCRK14 promoter influence its transcript levels due to the altered OsMYB72 binding affinities,which are correlated with drought-resistance differences among rice varieties.Collectively,our study discovers a novel CRK-RLCK-MAPK-bZIP signaling pathway that connects membrane signal sensing to transcriptional regulation in drought response,providing both mechanistic insights and genetic resources for breeding drought-resistant rice.展开更多
Dear Editor,Rapeseed （Brassica napus） was formed on the Mediterranean coast approximately 7500 years ago （Chalhoub et al., 2014）. Natural variations and artificial selections in flowering time have greatly promote...Dear Editor,Rapeseed （Brassica napus） was formed on the Mediterranean coast approximately 7500 years ago （Chalhoub et al., 2014）. Natural variations and artificial selections in flowering time have greatly promoted its spread to subtropical and temperate regions, making B. napus a major source of both vegetable oil and animal feed worldwide. Many studies have been conducted over the past two decades toward understanding the genetic architecture of flowering time in B. napus. However, largely restricted by the complicated allotetraploid genome, molecular basis of flowering time variation remains poorly understood in rapeseed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20207,32272041,31821005,and 31930080)the Major Projects in Agricultural Biological Breeding(2022ZD04004)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2024AFB714)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662022SKQD003)the Innovative Project of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2022hszd015)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-01)。
文摘NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,and CUC2)transcription factors(TFs)are a family of plant-specific TFs that play crucial roles in various aspects of plant development and stress responses.Here,we provide an in-depth review of the structural characteristics,regulatory mechanisms,and functional roles of NACs in different plant species.One of the key features of NACs is their ability to regulate gene expression through a variety of mechanisms,including binding to DNA sequences in the promoter regions of target genes,interacting with other TFs,and modulating chromatin structure.We discuss these mechanisms in detail,providing insights into the complex regulatory networks that govern the activity of NACs.We explore the diverse functions of these TFs in plant growth and development processes,including embryogenesis,seed development,root and shoot development,floral development and fruit ripening,secondary cell wall formation,and senescence.We also discuss the diverse regulatory roles of NACs in response to various stresses,including drought,flooding,heat,cold,salinity,nutrient deficit,and diseases.Lastly,we emphasize the crosstalk role of NACs between developmental processes and stress responses.This integrated perspective highlights how NACs orchestrate plant growth and resilience.Overall,this review provides a comprehensive overview of the pivotal roles of NACs in plant development and stress responses,emphasizing their potential for engineering stress-resistant crops and enhancing agricultural productivity.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0407105)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272041,U21A20207)+4 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1002400)the Innovative Project of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2022hszd015)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2024AFB714,2023AFA095,2022CFA024)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-01)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662025SKPY007).
文摘Drought stress severely limits rice productivity.Understanding of drought-response mechanisms in rice is essential for developing climate-resilient varieties.While cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases(CRKs)are primarily implicated in plant development and immunity,their role in drought response remains poorly understood.In this study,we identified a CRK,OsCRK14,as a key positive regulator of drought resistance in rice.We demonstrated that plasma membrane-localized OsCRK14 phosphorylates the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase OsRLCK57 under drought stress,leading to activate a mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascade(OsMKKK10-OsMKK4-OsMPK6).Activated OsMPK6 directly phosphorylates the abscisic acid-responsive transcription factor OsbZIP66 at conserved Serine-Proline/Threonine-Proline motifs,enhancing its stability and promoting drought-responsive gene expression.Furthermore,we found that natural variations in the OsCRK14 promoter influence its transcript levels due to the altered OsMYB72 binding affinities,which are correlated with drought-resistance differences among rice varieties.Collectively,our study discovers a novel CRK-RLCK-MAPK-bZIP signaling pathway that connects membrane signal sensing to transcriptional regulation in drought response,providing both mechanistic insights and genetic resources for breeding drought-resistant rice.
文摘Dear Editor,Rapeseed （Brassica napus） was formed on the Mediterranean coast approximately 7500 years ago （Chalhoub et al., 2014）. Natural variations and artificial selections in flowering time have greatly promoted its spread to subtropical and temperate regions, making B. napus a major source of both vegetable oil and animal feed worldwide. Many studies have been conducted over the past two decades toward understanding the genetic architecture of flowering time in B. napus. However, largely restricted by the complicated allotetraploid genome, molecular basis of flowering time variation remains poorly understood in rapeseed.
