The emergence of insecticide resistance presents a major challenge in pest control and agriculture,while the use of conventional pesticides raises environmental and health concerns.This study addresses these issues th...The emergence of insecticide resistance presents a major challenge in pest control and agriculture,while the use of conventional pesticides raises environmental and health concerns.This study addresses these issues through the green synthesis of Ag/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles(BMNPs)using Vallaris solanacea plant extract and evaluates their eco-biological activities.The synthesized Ag/Fe BMNPs,with an average size of 30 nm as determined by SEM,were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy,FTIR,EDX,and SEM.In vitro assays revealed significant anti-inflammatory(91%),antioxidant(95%),anti-diabetic,anti-hemolytic,and antimicrobial activities.Additionally,the nanoparticles demonstrated 100% mortality against Sitophilus oryzae(rice weevil)and exhibited 97%degradation of the pesticide Novacide,indicating potent pesticidal and environmental remediation capabilities.Computational analysis,including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations,revealed strong interactions between Ag/Fe BMNPs and insecticide resistance(IR)proteins,with binding energies surpassing those of traditional pesticides,suggesting an ability to circumvent resistance mechanisms.These findings highlight the potential of Ag/Fe BMNPs as a sustainable,eco-friendly alternative for pest management and environmental applications in agriculture and beyond.展开更多
The virulence factors including biofilm and virulence proteins in Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)threatens human health.Herein,the inhibitory mechanisms of carvacrol(CAR)on the biofilm formation and virulence ...The virulence factors including biofilm and virulence proteins in Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)threatens human health.Herein,the inhibitory mechanisms of carvacrol(CAR)on the biofilm formation and virulence production in L.monocytogenes were explored.It was found the minimum biofilm inhibition concentration of CAR was 0.8 mg/mL.CAR could effectively inhibit bacterial biofilm formation by reduction of extracellular polymeric substance,including extracellular polysaccharides,proteins,and DNA.CAR could interfere with the bacterial swarming and swimming motilities,thereby hindering biofilm development.Hemolytic capability of Listeriolysin O was significantly decreased from 85.75%to 28.13%after treatment with CAR at the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC).Transcriptomic analysis revealed exposure to 1/2 MIC of CAR resulted in 969 differentially expressed genes,with downregulation of virulence factor-related genes.CAR might bind to AgrB within the quorum sensing system,thereby affecting the biofilm formation regulation and virulence expression.In addition,CAR exhibited efficient inhibitory effects on the biofilm formation on different food contacting materials and vegetable surfaces.These findings provided new insights into biofilm-inhibition and virulence-reduction mechanisms of CAR on L.monocytogenes,suggesting potential applications in controlling L.monocytogenes biofilm contamination in food industries.展开更多
Phloretin,a natural dihydrochalcones compound,has shown promising antimicrobial activity,which can be enhanced through synergistic treatment with ultrasound.Ultrasound is an emerging non-thermal microbial inactivation...Phloretin,a natural dihydrochalcones compound,has shown promising antimicrobial activity,which can be enhanced through synergistic treatment with ultrasound.Ultrasound is an emerging non-thermal microbial inactivation technique,but its standalone application is limited because of incomplete inactivation.The synergistic inactivation by phloretin and ultrasound was developed to improve the overall inactivation efficiency.We found that the combination of 300μg/mL phloretin and 700 W ultrasound resulted in a 6.5 and 6.6 log CFU/mL reduction for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus,respectively.The experimental D-values were 7 min for E.coli and 5.4 min for S.aureus,both lower than the theoretical values.According to the Weibull inactivation model,the synergism efficiency was 11.4%for E.coli and 6.9%for S.aureus.The synergistic treatment primarily disrupted bacterial membranes and promoted cell death.When inactivating with ultrasound-phloretin,no microbes grew,and cloudy apple juice had a high quality after storing for 14 days.These findings suggest that ultrasound-phloretin treatment has a significant advantage in the beverage and dairy industry.展开更多
Citral is widely recognized as a membrane-targeting antimicrobial,with its bactericidal activity primarily dependent on the degree of membrane damage.This study reveals its dual mechanism involving oxidative assault a...Citral is widely recognized as a membrane-targeting antimicrobial,with its bactericidal activity primarily dependent on the degree of membrane damage.This study reveals its dual mechanism involving oxidative assault against Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes).The induced cytotoxic effects appear closely associated with citral’s interaction with bacterial cell membrane components and the resultant sustained membrane dysfunction.Our results showed that sublethal concentrations of citral induced rapid depolarization in L.monocytogenes while progressively increasing membrane permeability.Following 1 h of citral exposure,the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species peaked.Further investigations indicated that citral could directly interact with and alter the chemical structure of reduced glutathione(GSH).Notably,exogenous GSH supplementation significantly attenuated citral’s antimicrobial efficacy,suggesting that its biochemical reactivity targeting glutathione and related thiol-containing proteins plays a critical role in the antibacterial action against L.monocytogenes.Importantly,regardless of growth inhibition,all tested concentrations of citral significantly suppressed the hemolytic activity of L.monocytogenes.Overall,this study provides valuable insights into the antimicrobial mechanisms of citral,particularly at low concentrations.展开更多
Cigarette smoke(CS)is one of the major triggering factorsfor oxidative stress and contributes to development of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS),both of which are marked by severe lu...Cigarette smoke(CS)is one of the major triggering factorsfor oxidative stress and contributes to development of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS),both of which are marked by severe lung inflammation.Due to the absence of viable treatment options for ALI/ARDS,methanolic extract of Lavandula stoechas(Ls.Met)was used to evaluate the protective effect against CS-induced ALI in both in vivo and in vitro settings.In order to prepare CS-induced ALI murine models,male Swiss albino mice were exposed to whole-body CS for 10 days.Normal saline(10 mL/kg),Ls.Met(250,450,750 mg/kg),and dexamethasone(1 mg/kg)were administered orally to respective animal groups(n=5/group)1 h prior to CS-exposure.Twenty-four hrs following the last CS-exposure,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and lungs were harvested to examine the important aspects of ALI.Subsequently,in vitro protective effect of Ls.Met(10 and 100μM)was assessed against 4%CSE(for 24 h)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.The presence of phenols and flavonoids was verified by HPLC analysis.Ls.Met dose-dependently and remarkably reduced macrophages and neutrophil invasion into the lungs,lung weight coefficient,albumin exudates into the alveoli,and improved hypoxemia and lung histopathological alterations.Notably,Ls.Met attenuated the CS-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by decreased levels of malondialdehyde,total oxidant status(TOS),and myeloperoxidas,alongside enhanced total antioxidant capacity(TAC)production.Moreover,Ls.Met demonstrated a marked reduction in CS-induced overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines(IL-6,IL-1β,and KC)and inhibited the activation of NF-κB,a key signalling pathway involved in inflammation.Lavandula stoechas could thus be a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of CS-induced ALI.展开更多
文摘The emergence of insecticide resistance presents a major challenge in pest control and agriculture,while the use of conventional pesticides raises environmental and health concerns.This study addresses these issues through the green synthesis of Ag/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles(BMNPs)using Vallaris solanacea plant extract and evaluates their eco-biological activities.The synthesized Ag/Fe BMNPs,with an average size of 30 nm as determined by SEM,were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy,FTIR,EDX,and SEM.In vitro assays revealed significant anti-inflammatory(91%),antioxidant(95%),anti-diabetic,anti-hemolytic,and antimicrobial activities.Additionally,the nanoparticles demonstrated 100% mortality against Sitophilus oryzae(rice weevil)and exhibited 97%degradation of the pesticide Novacide,indicating potent pesticidal and environmental remediation capabilities.Computational analysis,including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations,revealed strong interactions between Ag/Fe BMNPs and insecticide resistance(IR)proteins,with binding energies surpassing those of traditional pesticides,suggesting an ability to circumvent resistance mechanisms.These findings highlight the potential of Ag/Fe BMNPs as a sustainable,eco-friendly alternative for pest management and environmental applications in agriculture and beyond.
基金Supporting Project number(PNURSP 2025R31)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabiathe Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Faisal University under project no.[KFU250265].
文摘The virulence factors including biofilm and virulence proteins in Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)threatens human health.Herein,the inhibitory mechanisms of carvacrol(CAR)on the biofilm formation and virulence production in L.monocytogenes were explored.It was found the minimum biofilm inhibition concentration of CAR was 0.8 mg/mL.CAR could effectively inhibit bacterial biofilm formation by reduction of extracellular polymeric substance,including extracellular polysaccharides,proteins,and DNA.CAR could interfere with the bacterial swarming and swimming motilities,thereby hindering biofilm development.Hemolytic capability of Listeriolysin O was significantly decreased from 85.75%to 28.13%after treatment with CAR at the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC).Transcriptomic analysis revealed exposure to 1/2 MIC of CAR resulted in 969 differentially expressed genes,with downregulation of virulence factor-related genes.CAR might bind to AgrB within the quorum sensing system,thereby affecting the biofilm formation regulation and virulence expression.In addition,CAR exhibited efficient inhibitory effects on the biofilm formation on different food contacting materials and vegetable surfaces.These findings provided new insights into biofilm-inhibition and virulence-reduction mechanisms of CAR on L.monocytogenes,suggesting potential applications in controlling L.monocytogenes biofilm contamination in food industries.
基金Princess Nourah bint Abdul-rahman University Researchers Supporting Project(grant number PNURSP2025R153)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi ArabiaDeanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Faisal University under project number(KFU250533).
文摘Phloretin,a natural dihydrochalcones compound,has shown promising antimicrobial activity,which can be enhanced through synergistic treatment with ultrasound.Ultrasound is an emerging non-thermal microbial inactivation technique,but its standalone application is limited because of incomplete inactivation.The synergistic inactivation by phloretin and ultrasound was developed to improve the overall inactivation efficiency.We found that the combination of 300μg/mL phloretin and 700 W ultrasound resulted in a 6.5 and 6.6 log CFU/mL reduction for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus,respectively.The experimental D-values were 7 min for E.coli and 5.4 min for S.aureus,both lower than the theoretical values.According to the Weibull inactivation model,the synergism efficiency was 11.4%for E.coli and 6.9%for S.aureus.The synergistic treatment primarily disrupted bacterial membranes and promoted cell death.When inactivating with ultrasound-phloretin,no microbes grew,and cloudy apple juice had a high quality after storing for 14 days.These findings suggest that ultrasound-phloretin treatment has a significant advantage in the beverage and dairy industry.
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Faisal University under project no.[KFU242999].
文摘Citral is widely recognized as a membrane-targeting antimicrobial,with its bactericidal activity primarily dependent on the degree of membrane damage.This study reveals its dual mechanism involving oxidative assault against Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes).The induced cytotoxic effects appear closely associated with citral’s interaction with bacterial cell membrane components and the resultant sustained membrane dysfunction.Our results showed that sublethal concentrations of citral induced rapid depolarization in L.monocytogenes while progressively increasing membrane permeability.Following 1 h of citral exposure,the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species peaked.Further investigations indicated that citral could directly interact with and alter the chemical structure of reduced glutathione(GSH).Notably,exogenous GSH supplementation significantly attenuated citral’s antimicrobial efficacy,suggesting that its biochemical reactivity targeting glutathione and related thiol-containing proteins plays a critical role in the antibacterial action against L.monocytogenes.Importantly,regardless of growth inhibition,all tested concentrations of citral significantly suppressed the hemolytic activity of L.monocytogenes.Overall,this study provides valuable insights into the antimicrobial mechanisms of citral,particularly at low concentrations.
基金This publication was made possible by grant numbers NC.X-267-5-12-170-1 and NC.X 359-5-24-170-1 from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture(NIFA)the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences and the Agriculture Research Station at North Carolina Agriculture and Technical State University(Greensboro,NC,USA 27411)+3 种基金supported,in part,by 1890 Capacity Building Program grant no.(2020-38821-31113/project accession no.021765)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP 2024R224)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabiathe Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large group Research Project under grant number RGP2/410/44.
文摘Cigarette smoke(CS)is one of the major triggering factorsfor oxidative stress and contributes to development of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS),both of which are marked by severe lung inflammation.Due to the absence of viable treatment options for ALI/ARDS,methanolic extract of Lavandula stoechas(Ls.Met)was used to evaluate the protective effect against CS-induced ALI in both in vivo and in vitro settings.In order to prepare CS-induced ALI murine models,male Swiss albino mice were exposed to whole-body CS for 10 days.Normal saline(10 mL/kg),Ls.Met(250,450,750 mg/kg),and dexamethasone(1 mg/kg)were administered orally to respective animal groups(n=5/group)1 h prior to CS-exposure.Twenty-four hrs following the last CS-exposure,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and lungs were harvested to examine the important aspects of ALI.Subsequently,in vitro protective effect of Ls.Met(10 and 100μM)was assessed against 4%CSE(for 24 h)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.The presence of phenols and flavonoids was verified by HPLC analysis.Ls.Met dose-dependently and remarkably reduced macrophages and neutrophil invasion into the lungs,lung weight coefficient,albumin exudates into the alveoli,and improved hypoxemia and lung histopathological alterations.Notably,Ls.Met attenuated the CS-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by decreased levels of malondialdehyde,total oxidant status(TOS),and myeloperoxidas,alongside enhanced total antioxidant capacity(TAC)production.Moreover,Ls.Met demonstrated a marked reduction in CS-induced overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines(IL-6,IL-1β,and KC)and inhibited the activation of NF-κB,a key signalling pathway involved in inflammation.Lavandula stoechas could thus be a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of CS-induced ALI.
