Although conventional radiotherapy remains to be one of the most useful treatments for cancer, it is not the best strategy to maximize the effects on the tumors and minimize the damage to the surrounding tissues due t...Although conventional radiotherapy remains to be one of the most useful treatments for cancer, it is not the best strategy to maximize the effects on the tumors and minimize the damage to the surrounding tissues due to its physical and biological characteristics. Synchrotron radiation (SR) with uniquely physical and biological advantages may represent an innovative approach for cancer treatment. In recent years, SR-based photon activation therapy, stereotactic synchrotron radiation therapy and micro-beam radiation treatment have been developed, and the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments are very promising. It is necessary to understand the physical and radiobiological principle of those novel strategies before the approach is applied to the clinic. In this paper, we summarize the advances of SR in terms of physical, radiobiological advantages and its potential clinical applications. With the successful operation of shanghai synchrotron radiation, good opportunities in China have been provided for investigations on the treatment of cancer with synchrotron radiation.展开更多
Conventional radiotherapy remains to be one of the most useful treatments for cancer, but it is not the best strategy to maximize the effects on the tumors and minimize the damage to the surrounding tissues because of...Conventional radiotherapy remains to be one of the most useful treatments for cancer, but it is not the best strategy to maximize the effects on the tumors and minimize the damage to the surrounding tissues because of its physical and radiobiological characteristics. Synchrotrons represent a unique method for an innovative anti-cancer treatment due to the physical features (i.e. high fluence, tunable and collimated) of X-ray induced by synchrotron, so photon activation therapy and microbeam radiation treatment have been developed, but it is very imperative to understand the radiobiological mechanism of synchrotron radiation before we could transfer the strategy into the clinic. This paper is to summary the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments with synchrotron radiation, and review the advances of molecular and cellular radiobiological mechanism involved in synchrotron radiation. Since Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) has produced the first synchrotron, it will provide the unique opportunity for the study of radiobiological effects of synchrotron radiation.展开更多
Synchrotron radiation(SR)represents a unique and innovative anti-cancer treatment due to its unique physical features,including high flux density,and tunable and collimated radiation generation.The aim of this work is...Synchrotron radiation(SR)represents a unique and innovative anti-cancer treatment due to its unique physical features,including high flux density,and tunable and collimated radiation generation.The aim of this work is to assess the dosimetric properties of SR in Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)for potential applications to clinical radiation oncology.The experiments were performed with 34 and 50 keV X-rays on the BL13W biomedical beamline of SSRF and the 6 MV X-rays from ARTISTE linac for the dosimetry study.The percentage depth dose(PDD)and the surface dose of the SR X-rays and the 6 MV photon beams were performed in solid water phantom with Gafchromic EBT3 films.All curves are normalized to the maximum calculated dose.The depth of full dose buildup is about 10μm deeper for the monoenergetic X-ray beams of 34 and 50 keV.The beam transmits through the phantom,with a linear attenuation coefficient.The profile in the horizontal plane shows that the dose distribution is uniform within the facula,while the vertical profile shows a Gaussian distribution of the dose.The penumbra is less than 0.2 mm in the horizontal profile.Gafchromic EBT film may be a useful and convenient tool for dose measurement and quality control for the high space and density resolution.It is therefore important to gain a thorough understanding about the physical features of SR before this novel technology can be applied to clinical practice.展开更多
Thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle(TREC)is a novel and effective heat-to-electricity technology for harvesting low-grade heat.Currently,reported TREC analyses have been based on the Stirling cycle of ideal i...Thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle(TREC)is a novel and effective heat-to-electricity technology for harvesting low-grade heat.Currently,reported TREC analyses have been based on the Stirling cycle of ideal infinite heat source and infinite time for heat transfer.However,this will lead to inaccuracy when the scenario deviates from the ideal case.In this study,a systematic thermodynamic analysis on TREC is performed to address this problem.Based on different heat transfer situations,the description of thermodynamic processes and the corresponding mathematical models are established.At the same time,the TREC system,with the solar collector as the high-temperature heat source and the environment as the low-temperature heat source,is employed as a case.And the study delved into discrepancies arising from incongruences between the practical operational process and the traditional ideal analytical methodologies,along with an investigation of the different thermal environment impact on system performance.The findings suggest that the finite analysis method should be used when the actual operating time of the system is shorter than the desired equilibrium period.On the contrary,the use of the infinite analysis method,in this case,produces an error,the magnitude of which is directly related to the operating time,whereas when the time reaches 80%of the equilibrium time the error can be controlled to less than 2%.The influence of the heat source on the operating phase of the system is mainly in the temperature equilibrium and the rate of temperature equilibrium.This effect is proportional to the thermal capacitance and is also positively related to the system performance.Therefore,to improve system performance,it is recommended that a high-temperature heat source with a high ratio of thermal capacitance to system thermal capacitance should be selected and that the response time should slightly exceed the system equilibrium duration.展开更多
基金Supported by Shanghai Jiaotong University and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai, China (Nos. YG2012ZD02 and 12JC1407400)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81272506 and 61227017)
文摘Although conventional radiotherapy remains to be one of the most useful treatments for cancer, it is not the best strategy to maximize the effects on the tumors and minimize the damage to the surrounding tissues due to its physical and biological characteristics. Synchrotron radiation (SR) with uniquely physical and biological advantages may represent an innovative approach for cancer treatment. In recent years, SR-based photon activation therapy, stereotactic synchrotron radiation therapy and micro-beam radiation treatment have been developed, and the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments are very promising. It is necessary to understand the physical and radiobiological principle of those novel strategies before the approach is applied to the clinic. In this paper, we summarize the advances of SR in terms of physical, radiobiological advantages and its potential clinical applications. With the successful operation of shanghai synchrotron radiation, good opportunities in China have been provided for investigations on the treatment of cancer with synchrotron radiation.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (NO.08411960600, NO.09JC1411900, NO.09411951100)
文摘Conventional radiotherapy remains to be one of the most useful treatments for cancer, but it is not the best strategy to maximize the effects on the tumors and minimize the damage to the surrounding tissues because of its physical and radiobiological characteristics. Synchrotrons represent a unique method for an innovative anti-cancer treatment due to the physical features (i.e. high fluence, tunable and collimated) of X-ray induced by synchrotron, so photon activation therapy and microbeam radiation treatment have been developed, but it is very imperative to understand the radiobiological mechanism of synchrotron radiation before we could transfer the strategy into the clinic. This paper is to summary the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments with synchrotron radiation, and review the advances of molecular and cellular radiobiological mechanism involved in synchrotron radiation. Since Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) has produced the first synchrotron, it will provide the unique opportunity for the study of radiobiological effects of synchrotron radiation.
基金Supported by research grants from Shanghai Jiaotong University(No.YG2012ZD02)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(No.2JC1407400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81272506,and 61227017)
文摘Synchrotron radiation(SR)represents a unique and innovative anti-cancer treatment due to its unique physical features,including high flux density,and tunable and collimated radiation generation.The aim of this work is to assess the dosimetric properties of SR in Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)for potential applications to clinical radiation oncology.The experiments were performed with 34 and 50 keV X-rays on the BL13W biomedical beamline of SSRF and the 6 MV X-rays from ARTISTE linac for the dosimetry study.The percentage depth dose(PDD)and the surface dose of the SR X-rays and the 6 MV photon beams were performed in solid water phantom with Gafchromic EBT3 films.All curves are normalized to the maximum calculated dose.The depth of full dose buildup is about 10μm deeper for the monoenergetic X-ray beams of 34 and 50 keV.The beam transmits through the phantom,with a linear attenuation coefficient.The profile in the horizontal plane shows that the dose distribution is uniform within the facula,while the vertical profile shows a Gaussian distribution of the dose.The penumbra is less than 0.2 mm in the horizontal profile.Gafchromic EBT film may be a useful and convenient tool for dose measurement and quality control for the high space and density resolution.It is therefore important to gain a thorough understanding about the physical features of SR before this novel technology can be applied to clinical practice.
基金the financial support received from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(NSFC)project(Grant 52276216)the Anhui Provincial Nature Science Foundation project(Grant 2108085UD03)。
文摘Thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle(TREC)is a novel and effective heat-to-electricity technology for harvesting low-grade heat.Currently,reported TREC analyses have been based on the Stirling cycle of ideal infinite heat source and infinite time for heat transfer.However,this will lead to inaccuracy when the scenario deviates from the ideal case.In this study,a systematic thermodynamic analysis on TREC is performed to address this problem.Based on different heat transfer situations,the description of thermodynamic processes and the corresponding mathematical models are established.At the same time,the TREC system,with the solar collector as the high-temperature heat source and the environment as the low-temperature heat source,is employed as a case.And the study delved into discrepancies arising from incongruences between the practical operational process and the traditional ideal analytical methodologies,along with an investigation of the different thermal environment impact on system performance.The findings suggest that the finite analysis method should be used when the actual operating time of the system is shorter than the desired equilibrium period.On the contrary,the use of the infinite analysis method,in this case,produces an error,the magnitude of which is directly related to the operating time,whereas when the time reaches 80%of the equilibrium time the error can be controlled to less than 2%.The influence of the heat source on the operating phase of the system is mainly in the temperature equilibrium and the rate of temperature equilibrium.This effect is proportional to the thermal capacitance and is also positively related to the system performance.Therefore,to improve system performance,it is recommended that a high-temperature heat source with a high ratio of thermal capacitance to system thermal capacitance should be selected and that the response time should slightly exceed the system equilibrium duration.
