本工作将介绍一项具有重大科学和实际意义的深空探测任务,这项任务的顺利实施将允许我们在一个前所未有的近距离上以遥感和实地探测手段相结合的方式观测和研究一颗恒星的磁活动以及磁重联区域.首先,我们将首次直接进入太阳风暴的核心...本工作将介绍一项具有重大科学和实际意义的深空探测任务,这项任务的顺利实施将允许我们在一个前所未有的近距离上以遥感和实地探测手段相结合的方式观测和研究一颗恒星的磁活动以及磁重联区域.首先,我们将首次直接进入太阳风暴的核心能量释放区——磁重联电流片内部,对其中的磁场耗散、能量转换、带电粒子加速等重要过程的细节进行精细实地测量和研究.其次,我们将对太阳风暴,即日冕物质抛射(Coronal Mass Ejection, CME)的物质成分和内部结构进行直接探测,帮助我们深入研究和了解CME的爆发机制和其中的物质来源;实地探测快CME前面的快模激波,被磁重联和CME激波加速的带电粒子及其所产生的电磁辐射.第三,我们将在离开太阳5-10个太阳半径的距离上直接测量日冕磁场-太阳活动的能量来源.第四,利用成像和光谱观测手段,我们能够近距离地观测和研究太阳高层大气中的动力学过程.目前在地球附近对日冕常规观测的分辨率在1.5′′,甚至更差,而通过抵近观测可以将同样设备的分辨能力提高5-30倍,将为我们提供在地球附近无法获得的太阳超清晰图像以及相应的物理信息,让我们在一个前所未有的平台上来研究、认识和了解距离我们最近、对我们最重要的恒星,从而解决太阳爆发和日冕加热等长期困扰太阳物理研究领域的难题.这也将使我们获得唯一的、能够对发生在恒星大气中的磁重联过程进行直接或者是抵近探测的机会!展开更多
With high-resolution data of the Magnetospheric Multiscale(MMS) mission, we observe a magnetic flux rope(MFR) in the Earth's magnetosheath. This MFR, showing a clear bipolar variation of the magnetic field in the ...With high-resolution data of the Magnetospheric Multiscale(MMS) mission, we observe a magnetic flux rope(MFR) in the Earth's magnetosheath. This MFR, showing a clear bipolar variation of the magnetic field in the normal component to local current sheet, contains a strong core field. We use the FOTE method to reconstruct the topology of this MFR and find it is consistent with previous expectation. For the first time, the spiral field and core field of the MFR are both revealed from the FOTE method. Comparing topologies reconstructed at different times, we suggest that the axis of the MFR rotates about 88° at different spatial location. Shape and size of the normal projection to axis vary with the spatial location as well. Inside the MFR, a significant increase of plasma density from 40 to 80 cm^(-3), a sharp decrease of ion temperature from 200 to 50 eV, an enhancement of cold ions and a series of filamentary currents are found.展开更多
In an attempt to study the flow bursts in the Earth＇s plasma sheet we select an event that took place on August 7, 2004 in the expansion phase of a substorm, using data from the geomagnetic index, solar wind data, pl...In an attempt to study the flow bursts in the Earth＇s plasma sheet we select an event that took place on August 7, 2004 in the expansion phase of a substorm, using data from the geomagnetic index, solar wind data, plasma and magnetic field observa- tions from C1 Cluster satellite （the Cluster mission has 4 satellites） and from Double Star TC-1 satellite. In MHD approach, TC-1 firstly observed the tailward flow, then the earthward, and finally the flow altemated in two directions. C1 firstly ob- served the earthward plasma flow, and then the tailward plasma flow. Before flow bursts are observed by TC-1 and C1, there are disturbances in local entropy with their tailward local entropy larger than those of the earthward. The kinetic features of the plasma flow observed by C1 are similar to those in MHD. However, kinetic characteristics of the plasma flow observed by TC-1 are far more than the description in MHD. The inadequacy mainly exists in two cases： （i） the firstly enhanced tailward flows given in MHD are found without significant increase of the energetic tailward flux; （ii） the almost stagnant flow in MHD is composed of the enhanced energetic ion flux in both earthward and tailward directions. The earthward flow burst observed by TC-1 might be multiple overshoots and rebounds. The earthward flow burst observed by C1 might be simply rebounded in the near-Earth. The pulsation observed by C1 is earlier than that observed by TC-1 with the former intensity less than that of the latter. After the energetic ion flux in the tailward direction is significantly enhanced, the power spectrum intensity of the ULF wave commences to increase obviously, which may suggest that the stream instability is closely correlated with ULF pulsations.展开更多
文摘本工作将介绍一项具有重大科学和实际意义的深空探测任务,这项任务的顺利实施将允许我们在一个前所未有的近距离上以遥感和实地探测手段相结合的方式观测和研究一颗恒星的磁活动以及磁重联区域.首先,我们将首次直接进入太阳风暴的核心能量释放区——磁重联电流片内部,对其中的磁场耗散、能量转换、带电粒子加速等重要过程的细节进行精细实地测量和研究.其次,我们将对太阳风暴,即日冕物质抛射(Coronal Mass Ejection, CME)的物质成分和内部结构进行直接探测,帮助我们深入研究和了解CME的爆发机制和其中的物质来源;实地探测快CME前面的快模激波,被磁重联和CME激波加速的带电粒子及其所产生的电磁辐射.第三,我们将在离开太阳5-10个太阳半径的距离上直接测量日冕磁场-太阳活动的能量来源.第四,利用成像和光谱观测手段,我们能够近距离地观测和研究太阳高层大气中的动力学过程.目前在地球附近对日冕常规观测的分辨率在1.5′′,甚至更差,而通过抵近观测可以将同样设备的分辨能力提高5-30倍,将为我们提供在地球附近无法获得的太阳超清晰图像以及相应的物理信息,让我们在一个前所未有的平台上来研究、认识和了解距离我们最近、对我们最重要的恒星,从而解决太阳爆发和日冕加热等长期困扰太阳物理研究领域的难题.这也将使我们获得唯一的、能够对发生在恒星大气中的磁重联过程进行直接或者是抵近探测的机会!
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41574153,41431071,and 41404133)
文摘With high-resolution data of the Magnetospheric Multiscale(MMS) mission, we observe a magnetic flux rope(MFR) in the Earth's magnetosheath. This MFR, showing a clear bipolar variation of the magnetic field in the normal component to local current sheet, contains a strong core field. We use the FOTE method to reconstruct the topology of this MFR and find it is consistent with previous expectation. For the first time, the spiral field and core field of the MFR are both revealed from the FOTE method. Comparing topologies reconstructed at different times, we suggest that the axis of the MFR rotates about 88° at different spatial location. Shape and size of the normal projection to axis vary with the spatial location as well. Inside the MFR, a significant increase of plasma density from 40 to 80 cm^(-3), a sharp decrease of ion temperature from 200 to 50 eV, an enhancement of cold ions and a series of filamentary currents are found.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40931054,41174141 and 40904042)the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Project)(Grant No.2011CB811404)Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories of China(Grant No.KP201104)
文摘In an attempt to study the flow bursts in the Earth＇s plasma sheet we select an event that took place on August 7, 2004 in the expansion phase of a substorm, using data from the geomagnetic index, solar wind data, plasma and magnetic field observa- tions from C1 Cluster satellite （the Cluster mission has 4 satellites） and from Double Star TC-1 satellite. In MHD approach, TC-1 firstly observed the tailward flow, then the earthward, and finally the flow altemated in two directions. C1 firstly ob- served the earthward plasma flow, and then the tailward plasma flow. Before flow bursts are observed by TC-1 and C1, there are disturbances in local entropy with their tailward local entropy larger than those of the earthward. The kinetic features of the plasma flow observed by C1 are similar to those in MHD. However, kinetic characteristics of the plasma flow observed by TC-1 are far more than the description in MHD. The inadequacy mainly exists in two cases： （i） the firstly enhanced tailward flows given in MHD are found without significant increase of the energetic tailward flux; （ii） the almost stagnant flow in MHD is composed of the enhanced energetic ion flux in both earthward and tailward directions. The earthward flow burst observed by TC-1 might be multiple overshoots and rebounds. The earthward flow burst observed by C1 might be simply rebounded in the near-Earth. The pulsation observed by C1 is earlier than that observed by TC-1 with the former intensity less than that of the latter. After the energetic ion flux in the tailward direction is significantly enhanced, the power spectrum intensity of the ULF wave commences to increase obviously, which may suggest that the stream instability is closely correlated with ULF pulsations.
