A photocatalyst Cu-BiVO4 was synthesized by the hydrothermal method and was characterized by XRD, UV-vis DRS, and N2 adsorption-desorption measurement. The catalytic activity of the Cu-BiVO4 samples was studied on des...A photocatalyst Cu-BiVO4 was synthesized by the hydrothermal method and was characterized by XRD, UV-vis DRS, and N2 adsorption-desorption measurement. The catalytic activity of the Cu-BiVO4 samples was studied on desulfurization of thiophene dissolved in n-octane, which was used as a model light oil, via photocatalytic oxidation reaction under illumination by visible light. The catalyst characterization results indicated that the loading of Cu on the catalyst did not change the crystal phase of BiVO4, and the crystallinity of the Cu-BiVO4 sample was found to be better at pH=7. The Cu-BiVO4 samples presented a significant bathochromic shift of the absorption band in the visible region, and the absorption intensity increased for the composite catalyst. The desulfurization experiments showed that the Cu-BiVO4 sample prepared at a pH value of 7 had a better catalytic activity. Under proper operating conditions, the desulfurization rate of the model compound achieved by Cu-BiVO4 sample prepared at pH=7 could reach as high as 90%.展开更多
A type of visible light photocatalyst Bi2WO6 was prepared from Bi(NO3)3.5H2O and Na2WO4.2H2O by means of hydrothermal method and was characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry and XRD.Oxidative desulfuri...A type of visible light photocatalyst Bi2WO6 was prepared from Bi(NO3)3.5H2O and Na2WO4.2H2O by means of hydrothermal method and was characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry and XRD.Oxidative desulfurization via photocatalysis was investigated using thiophene dissolved in octane as the model compound,with hydrogen peroxide used as the oxidant.The effects of hydrogen peroxide mass fraction,irradiation time,dosage of photocatalyst Bi2WO6 on the desulfurization efficiency were also investigated.Under suitable conditions,the desulfurization rate of model compound reached over 70%.展开更多
In this study, the effects of microwave radiation intensity, radiation time and initial wood moisture content （MC） on the properties of temperature development in Eucalyptus urophylla wood samples during the microwa...In this study, the effects of microwave radiation intensity, radiation time and initial wood moisture content （MC） on the properties of temperature development in Eucalyptus urophylla wood samples during the microwave explosion pretreatment have been investigated using a new microwave pretreatment equipment. The results show that 1） with the increase of microwave radiation intensity and a decrease in initial wood MC, both the average temperature and its rate of increase in wood rise rapidly; 2） with an increase in microwave radiation time, the average temperature of wood clearly increases, while the rate of increase in temperature shows a decline. In the microwave explosion pretreatment, the temperature development curve presented two patterns of variation： i） a sharp increase in temperature - a constant temperature - a slow warm-up and ii） a sharp increase in temperature - a rapid decline in temperature - a slow warm-up.展开更多
【目的】基于木材天然的多孔性、亲水性以及优良机械性能,将薄木切片作为柔性的支撑材料和载体材料与2种纳米碳材料有机结合,制备一种新型柔性薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极,并对其微观结构与电导性能进行研究,为木材功能化和高附加值化提供...【目的】基于木材天然的多孔性、亲水性以及优良机械性能,将薄木切片作为柔性的支撑材料和载体材料与2种纳米碳材料有机结合,制备一种新型柔性薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极,并对其微观结构与电导性能进行研究,为木材功能化和高附加值化提供一种新的研究方向。【方法】利用物理切片方式得到完整性和柔韧性良好的薄木切片,再将纳米碳材料氧化还原石墨烯(RGO)、羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CMWCNT)逐层沉积到薄木表面,借助冷场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、四探针电阻率测试仪和电化学工作站等手段研究薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极的微观形貌、化学结构、电导性和电化学性能,重点探索纳米碳材料与薄木切片的附着机制和界面结合机制。【结果】RGO通过非共价π-π堆积在薄木表面形成褶皱状纳米薄膜结构,CMWCNT则呈不规则颗粒状形貌;横切面薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极呈多孔结构,而径、弦切面则为沟壑状结构。薄木沉积纳米碳材料前后表面化学元素无变化,依然为C(284 e V)、O(532 e V)峰,但C/O比例从1.84增加到5.51(RGO)和3.65(CMWCNT)。随着纳米碳材料沉积次数增加,薄木/RGO和薄木/CMWCNT复合电极的附着量和导电率均随之增大,而且在同一沉积次数下,前者的附着量和导电率略大于后者;当沉积次数达到19次时,RGO附着量可达0.68 mg·cm-2,相应的导电率为0.63 S·cm-1;CMWCNT附着量略低于RGO,为0.45 mg·cm-2,相应的导电率为0.50 S·cm-1;导电率与附着量具有良好的线性拟合性。2种柔性薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极在不同弯曲程度下电流基本保持平稳,表明弯曲应力对其电导性能影响很小。【结论】2种纳米碳材料在薄木表面逐层沉积形成纳米层,且与薄木有较强的附着力(氢键作用)。经过纳米碳材料沉积后,薄木表面化学元素C/O比例显著提高,附着量和导电率也随纳米碳材料沉积次数增加而增大。2种薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极柔性良好,且具有良好的弯曲电导稳定性,可作为柔性电极材料在柔性储能器件和柔性可穿戴设备等方面发挥潜在的应用价值。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21003103)the Nature Scientific Research Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Education Office of China (No. 2010JS061)Natural Science Foundation Program of Yan’an University (YD2011-19)
文摘A photocatalyst Cu-BiVO4 was synthesized by the hydrothermal method and was characterized by XRD, UV-vis DRS, and N2 adsorption-desorption measurement. The catalytic activity of the Cu-BiVO4 samples was studied on desulfurization of thiophene dissolved in n-octane, which was used as a model light oil, via photocatalytic oxidation reaction under illumination by visible light. The catalyst characterization results indicated that the loading of Cu on the catalyst did not change the crystal phase of BiVO4, and the crystallinity of the Cu-BiVO4 sample was found to be better at pH=7. The Cu-BiVO4 samples presented a significant bathochromic shift of the absorption band in the visible region, and the absorption intensity increased for the composite catalyst. The desulfurization experiments showed that the Cu-BiVO4 sample prepared at a pH value of 7 had a better catalytic activity. Under proper operating conditions, the desulfurization rate of the model compound achieved by Cu-BiVO4 sample prepared at pH=7 could reach as high as 90%.
基金support provided by the Shaanxi Provincial Education Project (09JK816)
文摘A type of visible light photocatalyst Bi2WO6 was prepared from Bi(NO3)3.5H2O and Na2WO4.2H2O by means of hydrothermal method and was characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry and XRD.Oxidative desulfurization via photocatalysis was investigated using thiophene dissolved in octane as the model compound,with hydrogen peroxide used as the oxidant.The effects of hydrogen peroxide mass fraction,irradiation time,dosage of photocatalyst Bi2WO6 on the desulfurization efficiency were also investigated.Under suitable conditions,the desulfurization rate of model compound reached over 70%.
基金supported by the State Forestry Administration of China (2006–4–99)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30871983)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (07JJ6166)
文摘In this study, the effects of microwave radiation intensity, radiation time and initial wood moisture content （MC） on the properties of temperature development in Eucalyptus urophylla wood samples during the microwave explosion pretreatment have been investigated using a new microwave pretreatment equipment. The results show that 1） with the increase of microwave radiation intensity and a decrease in initial wood MC, both the average temperature and its rate of increase in wood rise rapidly; 2） with an increase in microwave radiation time, the average temperature of wood clearly increases, while the rate of increase in temperature shows a decline. In the microwave explosion pretreatment, the temperature development curve presented two patterns of variation： i） a sharp increase in temperature - a constant temperature - a slow warm-up and ii） a sharp increase in temperature - a rapid decline in temperature - a slow warm-up.
文摘【目的】基于木材天然的多孔性、亲水性以及优良机械性能,将薄木切片作为柔性的支撑材料和载体材料与2种纳米碳材料有机结合,制备一种新型柔性薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极,并对其微观结构与电导性能进行研究,为木材功能化和高附加值化提供一种新的研究方向。【方法】利用物理切片方式得到完整性和柔韧性良好的薄木切片,再将纳米碳材料氧化还原石墨烯(RGO)、羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CMWCNT)逐层沉积到薄木表面,借助冷场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、四探针电阻率测试仪和电化学工作站等手段研究薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极的微观形貌、化学结构、电导性和电化学性能,重点探索纳米碳材料与薄木切片的附着机制和界面结合机制。【结果】RGO通过非共价π-π堆积在薄木表面形成褶皱状纳米薄膜结构,CMWCNT则呈不规则颗粒状形貌;横切面薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极呈多孔结构,而径、弦切面则为沟壑状结构。薄木沉积纳米碳材料前后表面化学元素无变化,依然为C(284 e V)、O(532 e V)峰,但C/O比例从1.84增加到5.51(RGO)和3.65(CMWCNT)。随着纳米碳材料沉积次数增加,薄木/RGO和薄木/CMWCNT复合电极的附着量和导电率均随之增大,而且在同一沉积次数下,前者的附着量和导电率略大于后者;当沉积次数达到19次时,RGO附着量可达0.68 mg·cm-2,相应的导电率为0.63 S·cm-1;CMWCNT附着量略低于RGO,为0.45 mg·cm-2,相应的导电率为0.50 S·cm-1;导电率与附着量具有良好的线性拟合性。2种柔性薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极在不同弯曲程度下电流基本保持平稳,表明弯曲应力对其电导性能影响很小。【结论】2种纳米碳材料在薄木表面逐层沉积形成纳米层,且与薄木有较强的附着力(氢键作用)。经过纳米碳材料沉积后,薄木表面化学元素C/O比例显著提高,附着量和导电率也随纳米碳材料沉积次数增加而增大。2种薄木/纳米碳材料复合电极柔性良好,且具有良好的弯曲电导稳定性,可作为柔性电极材料在柔性储能器件和柔性可穿戴设备等方面发挥潜在的应用价值。
