为研究木薯(Manihot esculenta)内生细菌多样性,挖掘木薯内生细菌资源,采用16S rDNA测序技术对‘SC8’和‘SC9’2个木薯品种的块根、茎和叶等不同组织进行了Alpha和Beta多样性分析,分析细菌群落结构组成并对比Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gen...为研究木薯(Manihot esculenta)内生细菌多样性,挖掘木薯内生细菌资源,采用16S rDNA测序技术对‘SC8’和‘SC9’2个木薯品种的块根、茎和叶等不同组织进行了Alpha和Beta多样性分析,分析细菌群落结构组成并对比Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)数据库进行内生细菌菌群基因功能预测。结果显示,从‘SC8’木薯样品中共聚类得到19,087个细菌OTUs(operational taxonomic units)隶属于48个门、126个纲、438个科和805个属;‘SC9’聚类到20,148个细菌OTUs隶属于46个门、130个纲、390个科和863个属。两品种各组织共有内生菌属171个,占属种类的78.44%,‘SC9’特有菌群118个,‘SC8’为100个,茎(韧皮部)内生菌多样性最为丰富。2品种内生细菌的优势菌群有变形菌门、蓝细菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和酸杆菌门。木薯内生细菌功能中涉及多种萜类、酮类、氨基酸及维生素等次级代谢产物的生物合成。研究结果表明,木薯植物体样品中均含有丰富的内生细菌种类,且在茎(韧皮部)中的多样性最高;木薯含有多种活性成分,这些活性物质的代谢相关通路同样在功能预测中有所体现。展开更多
Our prior investigations have established that Inonotus obliquus(Chaga)possesses hypoglycemic effects.Persistent hyperglycemia is known to precipitate renal function abnormalities.The functionality of the kidneys is i...Our prior investigations have established that Inonotus obliquus(Chaga)possesses hypoglycemic effects.Persistent hyperglycemia is known to precipitate renal function abnormalities.The functionality of the kidneys is intricately linked to the levels of cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate(cGMP),which are influenced by the activities of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and phosphodiesterase(PDE).Enhanced cGMP levels can be achieved either through the upregulation of NOS activity or the downregulation of PDE activity.The objective of the current study is to elucidate the effects of Chaga on disorders of glucolipid metabolism and renal abnormalities in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),while concurrently examining the NOS-cGMP-PDE5 signaling pathway.A model of T2DM was developed in rats using a high-fat diet(HFD)combined with streptozotocin(STZ)administration,followed by treatment with Chaga extracts at doses of 50 and 100 mg·kg^(−1)for eight weeks.The findings revealed that Chaga not only mitigated metabolic dysfunctions,evidenced by improvements in fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and insulin resistance,but also ameliorated renal function markers,including serum creatinine,urine creatinine(UCr),blood urea nitrogen,24-h urinary protein,and estimated creatinine clearance.Additionally,enhancements in glomerular volume,GBM thickness,podocyte foot process width(FPW),and the mRNA and protein expressions of podocyte markers,such as nephrin and wilms tumor-1,were observed.Chaga was found to elevate cGMP levels in both serum and kidney tissues by increasing mRNA and protein expressions of renal endothelial NOS and neural NOS,while simultaneously reducing the expressions of renal inducible NOS and PDE5.In summary,Chaga counteracts HFD/STZ-induced glucolipid metabolism and renal function disturbances by modulating the NOS-cGMP-PDE5 signaling pathway.This research supports the potential application of Chaga in the clinical prevention and treatment of T2DM and diabetic nephropathy(DN),with cGMP serving as a potential therapeutic target.展开更多
目的总结ICU患者再喂养综合征预防和管理的最佳证据。方法检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、JBI循证卫生保健中心数据库、英国国家临床医学研究所指南库、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、澳大利亚指南网、美国肠外肠内营养学会、欧洲临...目的总结ICU患者再喂养综合征预防和管理的最佳证据。方法检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、JBI循证卫生保健中心数据库、英国国家临床医学研究所指南库、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、澳大利亚指南网、美国肠外肠内营养学会、欧洲临床营养与代谢学会、英国肠外肠内营养学会、Cochrane Library、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库建库至2021年6月关于ICU患者再喂养综合征预防及管理文献,由2名接受过循证培训的研究者独立对纳入文献进行文献质量评价、证据提取和综合。结果共纳入18篇文献,其中3篇指南、3篇专家共识、2篇系统评价、2篇文献综述、1篇证据总结、1篇随机对照研究、4篇队列研究、2篇病例对照研究。最佳证据涵盖再喂养综合征诊断标准、评估人员、高危人群、筛查工具、预防措施与管理5个方面共21个条目。结论ICU患者再喂养综合征预防和管理最佳证据总结对临床营养治疗并发症预防及实践具有指导意义,未来需将总结的相关最佳证据转化应用于临床实践。展开更多
文摘为研究木薯(Manihot esculenta)内生细菌多样性,挖掘木薯内生细菌资源,采用16S rDNA测序技术对‘SC8’和‘SC9’2个木薯品种的块根、茎和叶等不同组织进行了Alpha和Beta多样性分析,分析细菌群落结构组成并对比Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)数据库进行内生细菌菌群基因功能预测。结果显示,从‘SC8’木薯样品中共聚类得到19,087个细菌OTUs(operational taxonomic units)隶属于48个门、126个纲、438个科和805个属;‘SC9’聚类到20,148个细菌OTUs隶属于46个门、130个纲、390个科和863个属。两品种各组织共有内生菌属171个,占属种类的78.44%,‘SC9’特有菌群118个,‘SC8’为100个,茎(韧皮部)内生菌多样性最为丰富。2品种内生细菌的优势菌群有变形菌门、蓝细菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和酸杆菌门。木薯内生细菌功能中涉及多种萜类、酮类、氨基酸及维生素等次级代谢产物的生物合成。研究结果表明,木薯植物体样品中均含有丰富的内生细菌种类,且在茎(韧皮部)中的多样性最高;木薯含有多种活性成分,这些活性物质的代谢相关通路同样在功能预测中有所体现。
基金supported by the Medical Key Research Projects of Shanxi Province(No.2020XM02)the Local Science and Technology Development Funds Projects Guided by Central Government(No.YDZJSX2021C027)+2 种基金the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province(No.202103021224370)the Key R&D Project of Shanxi Province[International Scientific and Technological Cooperation,Independent Topics,(No.201903D421061)]Wu Jieping Medical Foundation(No.320.6750.2021-08-10).
文摘Our prior investigations have established that Inonotus obliquus(Chaga)possesses hypoglycemic effects.Persistent hyperglycemia is known to precipitate renal function abnormalities.The functionality of the kidneys is intricately linked to the levels of cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate(cGMP),which are influenced by the activities of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and phosphodiesterase(PDE).Enhanced cGMP levels can be achieved either through the upregulation of NOS activity or the downregulation of PDE activity.The objective of the current study is to elucidate the effects of Chaga on disorders of glucolipid metabolism and renal abnormalities in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),while concurrently examining the NOS-cGMP-PDE5 signaling pathway.A model of T2DM was developed in rats using a high-fat diet(HFD)combined with streptozotocin(STZ)administration,followed by treatment with Chaga extracts at doses of 50 and 100 mg·kg^(−1)for eight weeks.The findings revealed that Chaga not only mitigated metabolic dysfunctions,evidenced by improvements in fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and insulin resistance,but also ameliorated renal function markers,including serum creatinine,urine creatinine(UCr),blood urea nitrogen,24-h urinary protein,and estimated creatinine clearance.Additionally,enhancements in glomerular volume,GBM thickness,podocyte foot process width(FPW),and the mRNA and protein expressions of podocyte markers,such as nephrin and wilms tumor-1,were observed.Chaga was found to elevate cGMP levels in both serum and kidney tissues by increasing mRNA and protein expressions of renal endothelial NOS and neural NOS,while simultaneously reducing the expressions of renal inducible NOS and PDE5.In summary,Chaga counteracts HFD/STZ-induced glucolipid metabolism and renal function disturbances by modulating the NOS-cGMP-PDE5 signaling pathway.This research supports the potential application of Chaga in the clinical prevention and treatment of T2DM and diabetic nephropathy(DN),with cGMP serving as a potential therapeutic target.
文摘目的总结ICU患者再喂养综合征预防和管理的最佳证据。方法检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、JBI循证卫生保健中心数据库、英国国家临床医学研究所指南库、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、澳大利亚指南网、美国肠外肠内营养学会、欧洲临床营养与代谢学会、英国肠外肠内营养学会、Cochrane Library、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库建库至2021年6月关于ICU患者再喂养综合征预防及管理文献,由2名接受过循证培训的研究者独立对纳入文献进行文献质量评价、证据提取和综合。结果共纳入18篇文献,其中3篇指南、3篇专家共识、2篇系统评价、2篇文献综述、1篇证据总结、1篇随机对照研究、4篇队列研究、2篇病例对照研究。最佳证据涵盖再喂养综合征诊断标准、评估人员、高危人群、筛查工具、预防措施与管理5个方面共21个条目。结论ICU患者再喂养综合征预防和管理最佳证据总结对临床营养治疗并发症预防及实践具有指导意义,未来需将总结的相关最佳证据转化应用于临床实践。
