目的:筛选并总结儿童及青少年结核病病人向成人医疗过渡准备的最佳证据。方法:按照“5S”金字塔模型系统检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、CINAHL、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PubMed、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究...目的:筛选并总结儿童及青少年结核病病人向成人医疗过渡准备的最佳证据。方法:按照“5S”金字塔模型系统检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、CINAHL、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PubMed、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、中华医学期刊全文数据库、医脉通、万方数据库及美国儿科学会(AAP)、欧洲儿科学会(EAP)、丹麦医学会(DMA)网站中相关文献,根据评价标准对纳入文献质量进行评价,并提取儿童及青少年结核病病人向成人医疗过渡准备的相关证据。结果:共纳入11篇文献,其中包括专家共识3篇、指南2篇、系统评价2篇、证据总结2篇、临床决策2篇,最终从过渡准备原则、过渡准备评估、过渡准备措施、增强适应能力4个方面形成了18条证据。结论:儿童及青少年结核病病人向成人医疗过渡准备的最佳证据可为医护人员提供循证依据,有助于推动该群体医疗过渡的规范化、科学化,改善病人长期健康与生活质量。展开更多
In cold regions,the frost-heave of soil can cause uneven railway subgrades,affecting the safety and efficiency of high-speed railways.This study proposes a novel PCW-iTransformer model for predicting frost heave,which...In cold regions,the frost-heave of soil can cause uneven railway subgrades,affecting the safety and efficiency of high-speed railways.This study proposes a novel PCW-iTransformer model for predicting frost heave,which integrates PCHIP data interpolation,CEEMDAN signal decomposition,and WPT denoising to extract sequential features.Compared to existing models like Autoformer,Crossformer,and DLinear,PCW-iTransformer achieves a reduction of 19.1%-34.5%in error metrics and an improvement of 2.8%-4.6%in the coefficient of determination.Additionally,a fused parameter model based on normalized moisture and temperature improves prediction accuracy,reducing MSE,MAE,and RMSE by up to 7.6%.The model also demonstrates robustness under data scarcity,maintaining stable performance with 40%continuous or 60%random missing data.Overall,PCW-iTransformer provides a reliable approach for predicting frost heave,offering valuable insights for the maintaining and long-term stability of high-speed railway subgrades in cold regions.展开更多
文摘目的:筛选并总结儿童及青少年结核病病人向成人医疗过渡准备的最佳证据。方法:按照“5S”金字塔模型系统检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、CINAHL、Embase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PubMed、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、中华医学期刊全文数据库、医脉通、万方数据库及美国儿科学会(AAP)、欧洲儿科学会(EAP)、丹麦医学会(DMA)网站中相关文献,根据评价标准对纳入文献质量进行评价,并提取儿童及青少年结核病病人向成人医疗过渡准备的相关证据。结果:共纳入11篇文献,其中包括专家共识3篇、指南2篇、系统评价2篇、证据总结2篇、临床决策2篇,最终从过渡准备原则、过渡准备评估、过渡准备措施、增强适应能力4个方面形成了18条证据。结论:儿童及青少年结核病病人向成人医疗过渡准备的最佳证据可为医护人员提供循证依据,有助于推动该群体医疗过渡的规范化、科学化,改善病人长期健康与生活质量。
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB2603301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52178376)Science and Technology Research and Development Program of China Railway Group Limited(Grant No.2023-Major Project-04).
文摘In cold regions,the frost-heave of soil can cause uneven railway subgrades,affecting the safety and efficiency of high-speed railways.This study proposes a novel PCW-iTransformer model for predicting frost heave,which integrates PCHIP data interpolation,CEEMDAN signal decomposition,and WPT denoising to extract sequential features.Compared to existing models like Autoformer,Crossformer,and DLinear,PCW-iTransformer achieves a reduction of 19.1%-34.5%in error metrics and an improvement of 2.8%-4.6%in the coefficient of determination.Additionally,a fused parameter model based on normalized moisture and temperature improves prediction accuracy,reducing MSE,MAE,and RMSE by up to 7.6%.The model also demonstrates robustness under data scarcity,maintaining stable performance with 40%continuous or 60%random missing data.Overall,PCW-iTransformer provides a reliable approach for predicting frost heave,offering valuable insights for the maintaining and long-term stability of high-speed railway subgrades in cold regions.
