This study has investigated the influence of Arctic Oscillation （AO） on dust storm frequency in North China in spring seasons during 1961-2007. There is a significant linkage between dust storm frequency and AO; a n...This study has investigated the influence of Arctic Oscillation （AO） on dust storm frequency in North China in spring seasons during 1961-2007. There is a significant linkage between dust storm frequency and AO; a negative （positive） AO phase is related to an increased （decreased） dust storm frequency in North China. This relationship is closely related to changes in the cold air activity in Mongolia. The cold air activity exerts large impacts on the dust storm frequency; the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia not only positively correlates with the dust storm frequency in North China, but also shows a long-term decreasing trend that is an important reason for the long-term decreasing of dust storm frequency in North China. The AO has large influence on the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia; a negative （positive） AO phase is highly related to an increased （decreased） frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia, which results in an increased （decreased） dust storm frequency in North China.展开更多
The biosphere of the Earth is essential to human survival and development.The services of ecosystems are critical to the functioning of the Earth’s life-support system.They contribute to human welfare both directly a...The biosphere of the Earth is essential to human survival and development.The services of ecosystems are critical to the functioning of the Earth’s life-support system.They contribute to human welfare both directly and indirectly.Ecological capital refers to the sum of the direct biological resources value and the indirect ecosystem services value.It is necessary to estimate the ecological capital in order to bring it to the society and market economic system,and draw the social attention to ecological environment constructions.An estimation model for eco-logical capital based on remote sensing is presented in this paper.The parameters in the model are quantitatively measured using NOAA/AVHRR and other ancillary data,including the land cover types,the vegetation coverage,and the vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)of ter-restrial ecosystem.Based on the economic parameters in previously published studies and a few original calculations,the annual ecological capital of the entire terrestrial ecosystem of China is quantitatively estimated at 6.44 trillion(10^(12))yuan(RMB),and the spatial distribution of the eco-logical capital is also analyzed.Traditional ecological methods to ecological capital measurement are based on homogeneous plot scales,and the regional scaling is a key problem in their appli-cations.As the proposed remote sensing approach,it provides a new method to ecological capital measurement completely based on observation data.It can not only overcome the re-gional scaling problem easily,but also allows the ecological capital to be estimated objectively and spatial-explicitly.展开更多
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No.20090460222 National High Technology Research and Development Program of China, No.2008AA121704 Project Supported by State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, No. 2010-ZY-01
文摘This study has investigated the influence of Arctic Oscillation （AO） on dust storm frequency in North China in spring seasons during 1961-2007. There is a significant linkage between dust storm frequency and AO; a negative （positive） AO phase is related to an increased （decreased） dust storm frequency in North China. This relationship is closely related to changes in the cold air activity in Mongolia. The cold air activity exerts large impacts on the dust storm frequency; the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia not only positively correlates with the dust storm frequency in North China, but also shows a long-term decreasing trend that is an important reason for the long-term decreasing of dust storm frequency in North China. The AO has large influence on the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia; a negative （positive） AO phase is highly related to an increased （decreased） frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia, which results in an increased （decreased） dust storm frequency in North China.
基金the National Key Bas ic Research&Deve lopment Program(Grant No.G2000018604)the National High TechnologyResearch and Development Program of China(Grant No.2002AA133060).
文摘The biosphere of the Earth is essential to human survival and development.The services of ecosystems are critical to the functioning of the Earth’s life-support system.They contribute to human welfare both directly and indirectly.Ecological capital refers to the sum of the direct biological resources value and the indirect ecosystem services value.It is necessary to estimate the ecological capital in order to bring it to the society and market economic system,and draw the social attention to ecological environment constructions.An estimation model for eco-logical capital based on remote sensing is presented in this paper.The parameters in the model are quantitatively measured using NOAA/AVHRR and other ancillary data,including the land cover types,the vegetation coverage,and the vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)of ter-restrial ecosystem.Based on the economic parameters in previously published studies and a few original calculations,the annual ecological capital of the entire terrestrial ecosystem of China is quantitatively estimated at 6.44 trillion(10^(12))yuan(RMB),and the spatial distribution of the eco-logical capital is also analyzed.Traditional ecological methods to ecological capital measurement are based on homogeneous plot scales,and the regional scaling is a key problem in their appli-cations.As the proposed remote sensing approach,it provides a new method to ecological capital measurement completely based on observation data.It can not only overcome the re-gional scaling problem easily,but also allows the ecological capital to be estimated objectively and spatial-explicitly.
