目的:引进和修订心理治疗想法量表(Thoughts About Psychotherapy Survey,TAPS),并在中国大学生群体中检验其信效度。方法:通过方便取样选取山西某高校大学生进行施测,收集有效数据样本1(n=425)和样本2(n=486);采用简易心理困扰评定量表...目的:引进和修订心理治疗想法量表(Thoughts About Psychotherapy Survey,TAPS),并在中国大学生群体中检验其信效度。方法:通过方便取样选取山西某高校大学生进行施测,收集有效数据样本1(n=425)和样本2(n=486);采用简易心理困扰评定量表(The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale,K10)和寻求专业性心理帮助的态度量表(Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale,ATSPPHS)作为效标效度工具;并在2周后对样本2中的142人进行重测。结果:经过修订之后的中文版心理治疗想法量表包含15个条目和3个分量表(治疗师响应性、形象担忧和强迫担忧),累计方差贡献率为56.92%;探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析均支持3因子的理论模型;心理治疗想法量表得分与心理困扰、寻求专业性心理帮助态度的相关系数分别为0.38和-0.30(P<0.001);量表的内部一致性信度和重测信度分别为0.90和0.87(P<0.001),三个分量表的内部一致性信度在0.78~0.85之间,重测信度在0.69~0.78(P<0.001)之间。结论:中文版心理治疗想法量表具有良好的效度和信度,可用于今后国内相关研究。展开更多
The spoiler is a kind of device to disturb current and promote burying.At present,all submarine pipeline spoilers at home and abroad are parallel spoilers,that is,the plane of the spoiler is parallel to the vertical p...The spoiler is a kind of device to disturb current and promote burying.At present,all submarine pipeline spoilers at home and abroad are parallel spoilers,that is,the plane of the spoiler is parallel to the vertical plane of the pipeline axis.According to the results of indoor experiments,when the pipeline with the forward spoiler is installed perpendicular to the direction of water flow,the spoiler will accelerate the seabed erosion and cause the pipeline to endure downward pressure,which will eventually cause the pipeline self-buried to form a protection.However,when the pipeline direction is consistent with the flow direction,the self-buried behavior and protective effect is vanished.By aiming at the defect that the forward spoiler cannot be self-buried when the direction of the pipeline and the flow are basically parallel,the spoiler burying aid device perpendicular to the pipeline axis has been innovatively developed,and the hydrodynamic changes and sediment erosion characteristics near the pipeline after the installation of the device were studied based on the experiment.Results reveal that although the perpendicular spoiler cannot generate downforce,it can greatly increase the turbulent kinetic energy of the flow and the rate of sediment erosion.The larger the angle between the pipeline axis and the spoiler plane is,the larger the increase in turbulent energy will be.The increase in turbulent energy near the bed surface can reach up about 70%when the angle is 90°,while serious sediment erosion mainly occurs along both sides of the pipeline with a distance of about 2−4 times the pipe diameter.In the future,we can further explore the influence of the perpendicular spoiler size and installation position on the pipeline downforce and the effect of burying promotion.At the same time,field tests on the perpendicular spoiler burying aid device currently developed will conduct to observe the actual effect of perpendicular spoiler promoting pipeline scouring and burying,and improve submarine pipeline safety protection technology.展开更多
文摘目的:引进和修订心理治疗想法量表(Thoughts About Psychotherapy Survey,TAPS),并在中国大学生群体中检验其信效度。方法:通过方便取样选取山西某高校大学生进行施测,收集有效数据样本1(n=425)和样本2(n=486);采用简易心理困扰评定量表(The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale,K10)和寻求专业性心理帮助的态度量表(Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale,ATSPPHS)作为效标效度工具;并在2周后对样本2中的142人进行重测。结果:经过修订之后的中文版心理治疗想法量表包含15个条目和3个分量表(治疗师响应性、形象担忧和强迫担忧),累计方差贡献率为56.92%;探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析均支持3因子的理论模型;心理治疗想法量表得分与心理困扰、寻求专业性心理帮助态度的相关系数分别为0.38和-0.30(P<0.001);量表的内部一致性信度和重测信度分别为0.90和0.87(P<0.001),三个分量表的内部一致性信度在0.78~0.85之间,重测信度在0.69~0.78(P<0.001)之间。结论:中文版心理治疗想法量表具有良好的效度和信度,可用于今后国内相关研究。
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(Grant Nos.2018YFC0407802-3,2018YFC0407803 and 2017YFC0405605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51909069).
文摘The spoiler is a kind of device to disturb current and promote burying.At present,all submarine pipeline spoilers at home and abroad are parallel spoilers,that is,the plane of the spoiler is parallel to the vertical plane of the pipeline axis.According to the results of indoor experiments,when the pipeline with the forward spoiler is installed perpendicular to the direction of water flow,the spoiler will accelerate the seabed erosion and cause the pipeline to endure downward pressure,which will eventually cause the pipeline self-buried to form a protection.However,when the pipeline direction is consistent with the flow direction,the self-buried behavior and protective effect is vanished.By aiming at the defect that the forward spoiler cannot be self-buried when the direction of the pipeline and the flow are basically parallel,the spoiler burying aid device perpendicular to the pipeline axis has been innovatively developed,and the hydrodynamic changes and sediment erosion characteristics near the pipeline after the installation of the device were studied based on the experiment.Results reveal that although the perpendicular spoiler cannot generate downforce,it can greatly increase the turbulent kinetic energy of the flow and the rate of sediment erosion.The larger the angle between the pipeline axis and the spoiler plane is,the larger the increase in turbulent energy will be.The increase in turbulent energy near the bed surface can reach up about 70%when the angle is 90°,while serious sediment erosion mainly occurs along both sides of the pipeline with a distance of about 2−4 times the pipe diameter.In the future,we can further explore the influence of the perpendicular spoiler size and installation position on the pipeline downforce and the effect of burying promotion.At the same time,field tests on the perpendicular spoiler burying aid device currently developed will conduct to observe the actual effect of perpendicular spoiler promoting pipeline scouring and burying,and improve submarine pipeline safety protection technology.
