We present the results of the first commissioning phase of the short-focal-length area of the Apollon laser facility(located in Saclay,France),which was performed with the first available laser beam(F2),scaled to a no...We present the results of the first commissioning phase of the short-focal-length area of the Apollon laser facility(located in Saclay,France),which was performed with the first available laser beam(F2),scaled to a nominal power of 1 PW.Under the conditions that were tested,this beam delivered on-target pulses of 10 J average energy and 24 fs duration.Several diagnostics were fielded to assess the performance of the facility.The on-target focal spot and its spatial stability,the temporal intensity profile prior to the main pulse,and the resulting density gradient formed at the irradiated side of solid targets have been thoroughly characterized,with the goal of helping users design future experiments.Emissions of energetic electrons,ions,and electromagnetic radiation were recorded,showing good laser-to-target coupling efficiency and an overall performance comparable to that of similar international facilities.This will be followed in 2022 by a further commissioning stage at the multipetawatt level.展开更多
When this article was originally published in High Power Laser Science and Engineering it omitted to include a couple of supplementary material files.These have now been published online.The publisher apologises for t...When this article was originally published in High Power Laser Science and Engineering it omitted to include a couple of supplementary material files.These have now been published online.The publisher apologises for this error.展开更多
Traditional wavefront control in high-energy,high-intensity laser systems usually lacks real-time capability,failing to address dynamic aberrations.This limits experimental accuracy due to shot-to-shot fluctuations an...Traditional wavefront control in high-energy,high-intensity laser systems usually lacks real-time capability,failing to address dynamic aberrations.This limits experimental accuracy due to shot-to-shot fluctuations and necessitates long cool-down phases to mitigate thermal effects,particularly as higher repetition rates become essential,for example,in inertial fusion research.This paper details the development and implementation of a real-time capable adaptive optics system at the Apollon laser facility.Inspired by astronomical adaptive optics,the system uses a fiber-coupled 905 nm laser diode as a pilot beam that allows for spectral separation,bypassing the constraints of pulsed lasers.A graphics processing unit-based controller,built on the open-source Compute And Control for Adaptive Optics framework,manages a loop comprising a bimorph deformable mirror and a high-speed Shack–Hartmann sensor.Initial tests showed excellent stability and effective aberration correction.However,integration into the Apollon laser revealed critical challenges unique to the laser environment that must be resolved to ensure safe operation with amplified shots.展开更多
The objective of the Apollon 10 PW project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at 1 shot min^(-1). In this paper a brief update on the current status of the Apollon project is presented, followed by ...The objective of the Apollon 10 PW project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at 1 shot min^(-1). In this paper a brief update on the current status of the Apollon project is presented, followed by a more detailed presentation of our experimental and theoretical investigations of the temporal characteristics of the laser. More specifically the design considerations as well as the technological and physical limitations to achieve the intended pulse duration and contrast are discussed.展开更多
The objective of the Apollon project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at 1 shot/minute. In this paper the Apollon facility design, the technological challenges and the current progress of the proj...The objective of the Apollon project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at 1 shot/minute. In this paper the Apollon facility design, the technological challenges and the current progress of the project will be presented.展开更多
Spectral-broadening of the APOLLON PW-class laser pulses using a thin-film compression technique within the longfocal-area interaction chamber of the APOLLON laser facility is reported,demonstrating the delivery of th...Spectral-broadening of the APOLLON PW-class laser pulses using a thin-film compression technique within the longfocal-area interaction chamber of the APOLLON laser facility is reported,demonstrating the delivery of the full energy pulse to the target interaction area.The laser pulse at 7 J passing through large aperture,thin glass wafers is spectrally broadened to a bandwidth that is compatible with a 15-fs pulse,indicating also the possibility to achieve sub-10-fs pulses using 14 J.Placing the post-compressor near the interaction makes for an economical method to produce the shortest pulses by limiting the need for high damage,broadband optics close to the final target rather than throughout the entire laser transport system.展开更多
基金The authors acknowledge the facility and the technical assistance of the national research infrastructureApollon.The authorswould also like to thank all teams of the laboratories that contributed to the success of the facility,i.e.,all of theCILEXconsortium,whichwas established to buildApollon.Thisworkwas supported by funding fromthe European Research Council(ERC)under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(Grant Agreement No.787539,Project GENESIS),and by Grant No.ANR-17-CE30-0026-Pinnacle from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche.We acknowledge,in the framework of ProjectGENESIS,the support provided by Extreme Light InfrastructureNuclear Physics(ELI-NP)Phase II,a project co-financed by the Romanian Government and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund,and by the Project No.ELI-RO-2020-23,funded by IFA(Romania)to design,build,and test the neutron detectors used in this project,as well as parts of the OTR diagnostic.JIHT RAS team members are supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(State Assignment No.075-00460-21-00)The study reported here was also funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,Project No.20-02-00790.The work of the ENEA team members has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusionConsortiumand has received funding from the Euratom research and training program 2014–2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement No.633053.
文摘We present the results of the first commissioning phase of the short-focal-length area of the Apollon laser facility(located in Saclay,France),which was performed with the first available laser beam(F2),scaled to a nominal power of 1 PW.Under the conditions that were tested,this beam delivered on-target pulses of 10 J average energy and 24 fs duration.Several diagnostics were fielded to assess the performance of the facility.The on-target focal spot and its spatial stability,the temporal intensity profile prior to the main pulse,and the resulting density gradient formed at the irradiated side of solid targets have been thoroughly characterized,with the goal of helping users design future experiments.Emissions of energetic electrons,ions,and electromagnetic radiation were recorded,showing good laser-to-target coupling efficiency and an overall performance comparable to that of similar international facilities.This will be followed in 2022 by a further commissioning stage at the multipetawatt level.
文摘When this article was originally published in High Power Laser Science and Engineering it omitted to include a couple of supplementary material files.These have now been published online.The publisher apologises for this error.
基金funding from the EU’s HORIZON-INFRA-2022-TECH-01 call under grant agreement number 101095207.
文摘Traditional wavefront control in high-energy,high-intensity laser systems usually lacks real-time capability,failing to address dynamic aberrations.This limits experimental accuracy due to shot-to-shot fluctuations and necessitates long cool-down phases to mitigate thermal effects,particularly as higher repetition rates become essential,for example,in inertial fusion research.This paper details the development and implementation of a real-time capable adaptive optics system at the Apollon laser facility.Inspired by astronomical adaptive optics,the system uses a fiber-coupled 905 nm laser diode as a pilot beam that allows for spectral separation,bypassing the constraints of pulsed lasers.A graphics processing unit-based controller,built on the open-source Compute And Control for Adaptive Optics framework,manages a loop comprising a bimorph deformable mirror and a high-speed Shack–Hartmann sensor.Initial tests showed excellent stability and effective aberration correction.However,integration into the Apollon laser revealed critical challenges unique to the laser environment that must be resolved to ensure safe operation with amplified shots.
基金financial support from the ILE-APOLLON 07-CPER 017-01 contract
文摘The objective of the Apollon 10 PW project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at 1 shot min^(-1). In this paper a brief update on the current status of the Apollon project is presented, followed by a more detailed presentation of our experimental and theoretical investigations of the temporal characteristics of the laser. More specifically the design considerations as well as the technological and physical limitations to achieve the intended pulse duration and contrast are discussed.
基金financial support from the ILE-APOLLON 07-CPER 017-01 contract
文摘The objective of the Apollon project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at 1 shot/minute. In this paper the Apollon facility design, the technological challenges and the current progress of the project will be presented.
基金the support in this work provided through the project SBUF (ELI-RO 16/2020)
文摘Spectral-broadening of the APOLLON PW-class laser pulses using a thin-film compression technique within the longfocal-area interaction chamber of the APOLLON laser facility is reported,demonstrating the delivery of the full energy pulse to the target interaction area.The laser pulse at 7 J passing through large aperture,thin glass wafers is spectrally broadened to a bandwidth that is compatible with a 15-fs pulse,indicating also the possibility to achieve sub-10-fs pulses using 14 J.Placing the post-compressor near the interaction makes for an economical method to produce the shortest pulses by limiting the need for high damage,broadband optics close to the final target rather than throughout the entire laser transport system.
