Despite considerable efforts to develop electrolyzers for energy conversion,progress has been hindered during the implementation stage by different catalyst development requirements in academic and industrial research...Despite considerable efforts to develop electrolyzers for energy conversion,progress has been hindered during the implementation stage by different catalyst development requirements in academic and industrial research.Herein,a coherent workflow for the efficient transition of electrocatalysts from basic research to application readiness for the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction is proposed.To demonstrate this research approach,La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) is selected as a catalyst,and its electrocatalytic performance is compared with that of the benchmark material NiFe_(2)O_(4).The La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) catalyst with the desired dispersity is successfully synthesized by scalable spray-flame synthesis.Subsequently,inks are formulated using different binders(Nafion^(®),Naf;Sustainion^(®),Sus),and nickel substrates are spray coated,ensuring a homogeneous catalyst distribution.Extensive electrochemical evaluations,including several scale-bridging techniques,highlight the efficiency of the La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) catalyst.Experiments using the scanning droplet cell(SDC)indicate good lateral homogeneity for La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) electrodes and NiFe_(2)O_(4)-Sus,while the NiFe_(2)O_(4)-Naf film suffers from delamination.Among the various half-cell techniques,SDC proves to be a valuable tool to quickly check whether a catalyst layer is suitable for full-cell-level testing and will be used for the fast-tracking of catalysts in the future.Complementary compression and flow cell experiments provide valuable information on the electrodes'behavior upon exposure to chemical and mechanical stress.Finally,parameters and conditions simulating industrial settings are applied using a zero-gap cell.Findings from various research fields across different scales obtained based on the developed coherent workflow contribute to a better understanding of the electrocatalytic system at the early stages of development and provide important insights for the evaluation of novel materials that are to be used in large-scale industrial applications.展开更多
For most particle-based applications, formulation in the liquid phase is a decisive step, and thus, particle interactions and stability in liquid media are of major importance. The concept of Hansen solubility paramet...For most particle-based applications, formulation in the liquid phase is a decisive step, and thus, particle interactions and stability in liquid media are of major importance. The concept of Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) was initially invented to describe the interactions of (polymer) molecules and their solubility in different liquids and is increasingly being used in particle technology to describe dispersibility. Because dispersions are not thermodynamically stable, the term Hansen dispersibility parameters (HDP) is used instead of HSP (SiiE, Sobisch, Peukert, Lerche,& Segets, 2018). Herein, we extend a previously developed standardized and non-subjective method for determination of Hansen parameters based on analytical centrifugation to the important class of quantum materials. As a technically relevant model system, zinc oxide quantum dots (QDs) were used to transfer our methodology to nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes below lOnm. The results obtained using the standard procedure starting from a dried powder were compared with those obtained through redispersion from the wet sediment produced during the typical washing procedure of QDs, and drying was observed to play an important role. In conclusion, our study reveals the high potential of HDP for quantifying the interfacial properties of NPs as well as their link to dispersibility.展开更多
基金Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft,Grant/Award Number:097-602175Ministry of Culture and Science of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia,Grant/Award Number:Mat4Hy+2 种基金Mercator Research Center Ruhr,Grant/Award Numbers:Ex-2021-0034,Ko-2021-0016Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung,Grant/Award Number:03XP0263Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Grant/Award Number:CRC/TRR 247。
文摘Despite considerable efforts to develop electrolyzers for energy conversion,progress has been hindered during the implementation stage by different catalyst development requirements in academic and industrial research.Herein,a coherent workflow for the efficient transition of electrocatalysts from basic research to application readiness for the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction is proposed.To demonstrate this research approach,La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) is selected as a catalyst,and its electrocatalytic performance is compared with that of the benchmark material NiFe_(2)O_(4).The La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) catalyst with the desired dispersity is successfully synthesized by scalable spray-flame synthesis.Subsequently,inks are formulated using different binders(Nafion^(®),Naf;Sustainion^(®),Sus),and nickel substrates are spray coated,ensuring a homogeneous catalyst distribution.Extensive electrochemical evaluations,including several scale-bridging techniques,highlight the efficiency of the La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) catalyst.Experiments using the scanning droplet cell(SDC)indicate good lateral homogeneity for La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_(3) electrodes and NiFe_(2)O_(4)-Sus,while the NiFe_(2)O_(4)-Naf film suffers from delamination.Among the various half-cell techniques,SDC proves to be a valuable tool to quickly check whether a catalyst layer is suitable for full-cell-level testing and will be used for the fast-tracking of catalysts in the future.Complementary compression and flow cell experiments provide valuable information on the electrodes'behavior upon exposure to chemical and mechanical stress.Finally,parameters and conditions simulating industrial settings are applied using a zero-gap cell.Findings from various research fields across different scales obtained based on the developed coherent workflow contribute to a better understanding of the electrocatalytic system at the early stages of development and provide important insights for the evaluation of novel materials that are to be used in large-scale industrial applications.
文摘For most particle-based applications, formulation in the liquid phase is a decisive step, and thus, particle interactions and stability in liquid media are of major importance. The concept of Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) was initially invented to describe the interactions of (polymer) molecules and their solubility in different liquids and is increasingly being used in particle technology to describe dispersibility. Because dispersions are not thermodynamically stable, the term Hansen dispersibility parameters (HDP) is used instead of HSP (SiiE, Sobisch, Peukert, Lerche,& Segets, 2018). Herein, we extend a previously developed standardized and non-subjective method for determination of Hansen parameters based on analytical centrifugation to the important class of quantum materials. As a technically relevant model system, zinc oxide quantum dots (QDs) were used to transfer our methodology to nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes below lOnm. The results obtained using the standard procedure starting from a dried powder were compared with those obtained through redispersion from the wet sediment produced during the typical washing procedure of QDs, and drying was observed to play an important role. In conclusion, our study reveals the high potential of HDP for quantifying the interfacial properties of NPs as well as their link to dispersibility.
