As primary and secondary forests are being replaced by plantations across the globe,the soil macrofauna community structure is also affected,but little is known about the impact of mixed culture plantations compared w...As primary and secondary forests are being replaced by plantations across the globe,the soil macrofauna community structure is also affected,but little is known about the impact of mixed culture plantations compared with monocultures on the soil macrofauna.To determine the impact of forest conversion on soil macrofauna,we surveyed the soil macrofauna in two broad-leaved and three coniferous monoculture stands and four coniferous-broadleaved mixed stands,and in adjacent reserved secondary stands as a reference.Soil macro fauna community composition was significant affected by forest type,season and their interaction(P<0.05).The abundance,taxa richness and diversity of soil macro fauna changed to different degrees depending on the plantation type.Broadleaved monoculture stands and secondary stands had similar macrofauna abundance and taxa richness,but values were lower in coniferous stands than in secondary stands.The Shannon index for macrofauna in coniferous stands was also the lowest,but the Pielou index did not differ between forest types.The negative effects of the conifer monoculture on soil macro fauna were not present in the mixed stands with broad-leaved trees.Forest conversion impacted soil properties;soil moisture,NO_(3)^(-),and pH were significant drivers of soil macrofauna community structure.The impact of forest conversion on soil macrofauna was closely dependent on tree species composition and diversity.The macro fauna community structure in the broadleaved and the mixed stands were relatively similar to that in the natural forest,and thus recommended for forest conversion in the study area.展开更多
To understand the function of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase,we introduced PtPEPCK1 gene under the control of 35S promoter into 84K poplar(Populus alba×P.glandulosa).PtPEPCK1 gene is well-known for its ro...To understand the function of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase,we introduced PtPEPCK1 gene under the control of 35S promoter into 84K poplar(Populus alba×P.glandulosa).PtPEPCK1 gene is well-known for its role in gluconeogenesis.However,our data confi rmed that it has signifi cant eff ects on amino acid biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism.Immunohistochemistry and fl uorescence microscopy indicate that PtPEPCK1 is specifi cally expressed in the cytoplasm of the spongy and palisade tissues.Overexpression of PtPEPCK1 was characterized through transcriptomics and metabolomics.The metabolites concentration of the ornithine cycle and its precursors also increased,of which N-acetylornithine was up-regulated almost 50-fold and ornithine 33.7-fold.These were accompanied by a massive increase in levels of several amino acids.Therefore,overexpression of PtPEPCK1 increases amino acid levels with urea cycle disorder.展开更多
Correction to:J.For.Res.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01042-4 In the Original publication,the author has found that C1 and C4 in Fig.3 have been published with errors.The corrected Fig.3 C1 and C4 are provided be...Correction to:J.For.Res.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01042-4 In the Original publication,the author has found that C1 and C4 in Fig.3 have been published with errors.The corrected Fig.3 C1 and C4 are provided below.展开更多
Although first-line immunochemotherapy has improved prognosis for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC),more effective strategies still require further investigation.This multi-center,phase I...Although first-line immunochemotherapy has improved prognosis for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC),more effective strategies still require further investigation.This multi-center,phase II study(ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05013697)assessed the feasibility of benmelstobart(a novel PD-L1 inhibitor)plus anlotinib(multitargeted TKI)and chemotherapy in advanced or metastatic/recurrent ESCC.Eligible patients received 4-6 cycles(21-day)of benmelstobart(1200 mg),anlotinib(10 mg)plus paclitaxel(135 mg/m^(2))/cisplatin(60-75 mg/m^(2)),then maintained with benmelstobart and anlotinib.Primary endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS)assessed according to RECIST v1.1.Secondary endpoints were tumor response,overall survival(OS),and safety assessed by adverse events(AEs).From September 2021 to November 2023,50 patients were enrolled and received study treatment.With median follow-up of 23.7 months as of April 1,2024,median PFS was 14.9 months(95%CI,11.4-not estimable[NE])and the 1-year PFS was 58.5%(95%CI,41.9%-71.9%).Among 50 patients,confirmed objective response rate was 72.0%and disease control rate was 84.0%.Median duration of response of 36 responders was 16.2 months(95%CI,10.2-NE).At the cutoff date,31 patients remained alive;median OS was not reached(95%CI,13.2 months-NE)with 1-year OS of 74.8%(95%CI,59.8%-84.8%).Forty-six(92.0%)patients reported treatment-related AEs,with 37(74.0%)were grade≥3.Overall,benmelstobart plus anlotinib and chemotherapy showed promising efficacy and acceptable toxicity in advanced or metastatic/recurrent ESCC.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (572017PZ03,2572020DR04 and 2572019CP16)。
文摘As primary and secondary forests are being replaced by plantations across the globe,the soil macrofauna community structure is also affected,but little is known about the impact of mixed culture plantations compared with monocultures on the soil macrofauna.To determine the impact of forest conversion on soil macrofauna,we surveyed the soil macrofauna in two broad-leaved and three coniferous monoculture stands and four coniferous-broadleaved mixed stands,and in adjacent reserved secondary stands as a reference.Soil macro fauna community composition was significant affected by forest type,season and their interaction(P<0.05).The abundance,taxa richness and diversity of soil macro fauna changed to different degrees depending on the plantation type.Broadleaved monoculture stands and secondary stands had similar macrofauna abundance and taxa richness,but values were lower in coniferous stands than in secondary stands.The Shannon index for macrofauna in coniferous stands was also the lowest,but the Pielou index did not differ between forest types.The negative effects of the conifer monoculture on soil macro fauna were not present in the mixed stands with broad-leaved trees.Forest conversion impacted soil properties;soil moisture,NO_(3)^(-),and pH were significant drivers of soil macrofauna community structure.The impact of forest conversion on soil macrofauna was closely dependent on tree species composition and diversity.The macro fauna community structure in the broadleaved and the mixed stands were relatively similar to that in the natural forest,and thus recommended for forest conversion in the study area.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.3180030530)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572019BA14)
文摘To understand the function of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase,we introduced PtPEPCK1 gene under the control of 35S promoter into 84K poplar(Populus alba×P.glandulosa).PtPEPCK1 gene is well-known for its role in gluconeogenesis.However,our data confi rmed that it has signifi cant eff ects on amino acid biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism.Immunohistochemistry and fl uorescence microscopy indicate that PtPEPCK1 is specifi cally expressed in the cytoplasm of the spongy and palisade tissues.Overexpression of PtPEPCK1 was characterized through transcriptomics and metabolomics.The metabolites concentration of the ornithine cycle and its precursors also increased,of which N-acetylornithine was up-regulated almost 50-fold and ornithine 33.7-fold.These were accompanied by a massive increase in levels of several amino acids.Therefore,overexpression of PtPEPCK1 increases amino acid levels with urea cycle disorder.
文摘Correction to:J.For.Res.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01042-4 In the Original publication,the author has found that C1 and C4 in Fig.3 have been published with errors.The corrected Fig.3 C1 and C4 are provided below.
基金Henan Province Health Science and Technology Innovation Young and Middle-Aged Leader Project(YXKC2021008).
文摘Although first-line immunochemotherapy has improved prognosis for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC),more effective strategies still require further investigation.This multi-center,phase II study(ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05013697)assessed the feasibility of benmelstobart(a novel PD-L1 inhibitor)plus anlotinib(multitargeted TKI)and chemotherapy in advanced or metastatic/recurrent ESCC.Eligible patients received 4-6 cycles(21-day)of benmelstobart(1200 mg),anlotinib(10 mg)plus paclitaxel(135 mg/m^(2))/cisplatin(60-75 mg/m^(2)),then maintained with benmelstobart and anlotinib.Primary endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS)assessed according to RECIST v1.1.Secondary endpoints were tumor response,overall survival(OS),and safety assessed by adverse events(AEs).From September 2021 to November 2023,50 patients were enrolled and received study treatment.With median follow-up of 23.7 months as of April 1,2024,median PFS was 14.9 months(95%CI,11.4-not estimable[NE])and the 1-year PFS was 58.5%(95%CI,41.9%-71.9%).Among 50 patients,confirmed objective response rate was 72.0%and disease control rate was 84.0%.Median duration of response of 36 responders was 16.2 months(95%CI,10.2-NE).At the cutoff date,31 patients remained alive;median OS was not reached(95%CI,13.2 months-NE)with 1-year OS of 74.8%(95%CI,59.8%-84.8%).Forty-six(92.0%)patients reported treatment-related AEs,with 37(74.0%)were grade≥3.Overall,benmelstobart plus anlotinib and chemotherapy showed promising efficacy and acceptable toxicity in advanced or metastatic/recurrent ESCC.
