Mangrove forests are productive ecosystems,acting as a sink for CO_(2),a habitat for a diverse array of terrestrial and marine species,and as a natural barrier to coastline erosion.The species that reside within mangr...Mangrove forests are productive ecosystems,acting as a sink for CO_(2),a habitat for a diverse array of terrestrial and marine species,and as a natural barrier to coastline erosion.The species that reside within mangrove ecosystems have important roles to play,including litter decomposition and the recycling of nutrients.Crustacea are important detritivores in such ecosystems and understanding their limitations(i.e.disease)is an important endeavour when considering the larger ecological services provided.Histology and metagenomics were used to identify viral(Nudiviridae,Alphaflexiviridae),bacterial(Paracoccus sp.,'Candidatus Gracilibacteria sp.’,and Pseudoalteromonas sp.),protozoan,fungal,and metazoan diversity that compose the symbiome of the mangrove crab,Aratus pisonii.The symbiotic groups were observed at varying prevalence under histology:nudivirus(6.5%),putative gut epithelial virus(3.2%),ciliated protozoa(35.5%),gonad fungus(3.2%),gill ectoparasitic metazoan(6.5%).Metagenomic analysis of one specimen exhibiting a nudivirus infection provided the complete host mitochondrial genome(15,642 bp),nudivirus genome(108,981 bp),and the genome of a Cassava common mosaic virus isolate(6387 bp).Our phylogenetic analyses group the novel nudivirus with the Gammanudivirus and protein similarity searches indicate that Carcinus maenas nudivrius is the most similar to the new isolate.The mitochondrial genome were used to mine short fragments used in population genetic studies to gauge an idea of diversity in this host species across the USA,Caribbean,and central and southern America.This study report several new symbionts based on their pathology,taxonomy,and genomics(where available)and discuss what effect they may have on the crab population.The role of mangrove crabs from a OneHealth perspective were explored,since their pathobiome includes cassava-infecting viruses.Finally,given that this species is abundant in mangrove forests and now boasts a well-described pathogen profile,we posit that A.pisonii is a valuable model system for understanding mangrove disease ecology.展开更多
In this article the name of the Handling editor was incorrectly given as Jian-Kui Liu,and should have been Timothy James.In addition,there were 24 Accession numbers in the last column of Table 1 and four in the first ...In this article the name of the Handling editor was incorrectly given as Jian-Kui Liu,and should have been Timothy James.In addition,there were 24 Accession numbers in the last column of Table 1 and four in the first paragraph of the second subsection in the Results that incorrectly included two erroneous,extra digits'69';otherwise 23 of the 24 and three of the four of these were correct.展开更多
The Microsporidia,an often overlooked fungal lineage,exhibit increasing diversity and taxonomic understanding with the use of genomic techniques.They are obligate parasites infecting a diversity of hosts,including cru...The Microsporidia,an often overlooked fungal lineage,exhibit increasing diversity and taxonomic understanding with the use of genomic techniques.They are obligate parasites infecting a diversity of hosts,including crustaceans.Crustacea are,in essence,ancient insects and their relationship with the Microsporidia is both diverse and convoluted.Relationships between crayfish and their microsporidian parasites display geospatial and taxonomic diversity.Through classical(histologi-cal,ultrastructural,developmental)and genomic(phylogenetic,phylogenomic)approaches,we expand the known diversity of crayfish-infecting microsporidia into the genus Nosema by describing three novel species from North America:Nosema astafloridana n.sp.infecting Procambarus pictus and Procambarus spiculifer,Nosema rusticus n.sp.infecting Faxonius rusticus,and Nosema wisconsinii n.sp.infecting Faxonius propinquus and Faxonius virilis.Additionally,we provide SSU sequence data for further Nosema diversity from Procambarus clarkii and Pacifasticus gambelii.The taxonomy of aquatic crustacean-infecting Nosema have been under scrutiny among microsporidiologists-using genomic data we solidify this systematic relationship.Our genomic data reveal phylogenomic divergence between terrestrial insect-infecting Nosema and aquatic crustacean-infecting Nosema but place our novel species within the Nosema.Comparative genomic analysis reveal that Nosema rusticus n.sp.is a tetraploid organism,making this the first known polyploid from the genus Nosema.Annota-tion of the genomic data highlight that crayfish-infecting Nosema have distinct proteomic differences when compared to amphipod and insect-infecting microsporidians.Alongside the new diversity uncovered and genome-supported systematics,we consider the role of these new‘invasive’parasites in biological invasion systems,exploring their relationship with their invasive hosts.展开更多
基金JB and DCB would like to acknowledge personal research funds at Teesside University and the University of Florida,which were used to support this project.ALB would like to acknowledge PhD research funding attained from Teesside University.
文摘Mangrove forests are productive ecosystems,acting as a sink for CO_(2),a habitat for a diverse array of terrestrial and marine species,and as a natural barrier to coastline erosion.The species that reside within mangrove ecosystems have important roles to play,including litter decomposition and the recycling of nutrients.Crustacea are important detritivores in such ecosystems and understanding their limitations(i.e.disease)is an important endeavour when considering the larger ecological services provided.Histology and metagenomics were used to identify viral(Nudiviridae,Alphaflexiviridae),bacterial(Paracoccus sp.,'Candidatus Gracilibacteria sp.’,and Pseudoalteromonas sp.),protozoan,fungal,and metazoan diversity that compose the symbiome of the mangrove crab,Aratus pisonii.The symbiotic groups were observed at varying prevalence under histology:nudivirus(6.5%),putative gut epithelial virus(3.2%),ciliated protozoa(35.5%),gonad fungus(3.2%),gill ectoparasitic metazoan(6.5%).Metagenomic analysis of one specimen exhibiting a nudivirus infection provided the complete host mitochondrial genome(15,642 bp),nudivirus genome(108,981 bp),and the genome of a Cassava common mosaic virus isolate(6387 bp).Our phylogenetic analyses group the novel nudivirus with the Gammanudivirus and protein similarity searches indicate that Carcinus maenas nudivrius is the most similar to the new isolate.The mitochondrial genome were used to mine short fragments used in population genetic studies to gauge an idea of diversity in this host species across the USA,Caribbean,and central and southern America.This study report several new symbionts based on their pathology,taxonomy,and genomics(where available)and discuss what effect they may have on the crab population.The role of mangrove crabs from a OneHealth perspective were explored,since their pathobiome includes cassava-infecting viruses.Finally,given that this species is abundant in mangrove forests and now boasts a well-described pathogen profile,we posit that A.pisonii is a valuable model system for understanding mangrove disease ecology.
文摘In this article the name of the Handling editor was incorrectly given as Jian-Kui Liu,and should have been Timothy James.In addition,there were 24 Accession numbers in the last column of Table 1 and four in the first paragraph of the second subsection in the Results that incorrectly included two erroneous,extra digits'69';otherwise 23 of the 24 and three of the four of these were correct.
基金provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources(grant number AIRD11519 and AIRD11922)Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission(agreement number 21158)+1 种基金U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service(award number F21AP033558)supported in part by the Wellcome Trust(grant number 220540/Z/20/A).
文摘The Microsporidia,an often overlooked fungal lineage,exhibit increasing diversity and taxonomic understanding with the use of genomic techniques.They are obligate parasites infecting a diversity of hosts,including crustaceans.Crustacea are,in essence,ancient insects and their relationship with the Microsporidia is both diverse and convoluted.Relationships between crayfish and their microsporidian parasites display geospatial and taxonomic diversity.Through classical(histologi-cal,ultrastructural,developmental)and genomic(phylogenetic,phylogenomic)approaches,we expand the known diversity of crayfish-infecting microsporidia into the genus Nosema by describing three novel species from North America:Nosema astafloridana n.sp.infecting Procambarus pictus and Procambarus spiculifer,Nosema rusticus n.sp.infecting Faxonius rusticus,and Nosema wisconsinii n.sp.infecting Faxonius propinquus and Faxonius virilis.Additionally,we provide SSU sequence data for further Nosema diversity from Procambarus clarkii and Pacifasticus gambelii.The taxonomy of aquatic crustacean-infecting Nosema have been under scrutiny among microsporidiologists-using genomic data we solidify this systematic relationship.Our genomic data reveal phylogenomic divergence between terrestrial insect-infecting Nosema and aquatic crustacean-infecting Nosema but place our novel species within the Nosema.Comparative genomic analysis reveal that Nosema rusticus n.sp.is a tetraploid organism,making this the first known polyploid from the genus Nosema.Annota-tion of the genomic data highlight that crayfish-infecting Nosema have distinct proteomic differences when compared to amphipod and insect-infecting microsporidians.Alongside the new diversity uncovered and genome-supported systematics,we consider the role of these new‘invasive’parasites in biological invasion systems,exploring their relationship with their invasive hosts.
