Obesity,a worldwide epidemic,is a metabolic disturbance marked by acute adipose inflammation in the body due to accumulation of surplus nutrients.The aim of the study is to inverse the pathological development of obes...Obesity,a worldwide epidemic,is a metabolic disturbance marked by acute adipose inflammation in the body due to accumulation of surplus nutrients.The aim of the study is to inverse the pathological development of obesity through conversion of WAT to brown AT by employing the traditionally acclaimed fat reducing efficacy of Sarcochlamys pulcherrima Gaud.(SP),a leafy dietary vegetable,and its isolated bioactive compound Myricitrin(MR).The study was carried out using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HF diet C57BL/6 mice treated with SPEF(SP enriched fraction)and MR.Accumulation of triglycerides,lipids and ROS were checked along with mitochondrial biogenesis.Immunoblotting for AMPK dependent mitochondrial biogenesis,browning markers,lipogenic and inflammatory proteins were checked aided by in silico analysis.Histopathological analysis of the adipose tissue was supported with immunoblotting techniques.Treatment with MR significantly reduced the triglyceride,lipid and ROS levels with elevated mitochondrial biogenesis.MR also upregulates AMPK/SIRT1 dependent browning markers:UCP1 and PRDM16 and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines with reduced lipogenesis.Administration of SPEF 150 and 300 mg/kg b.w for 6 weeks on HF diet mice showed significant reduction in body weight,triglyceride and cholesterol levels.Histology of adipose tissue showed brown AT depots in the treated group.In silico analysis showed the activation of SIRT1 substrate with MR leading to changes in adipose tissue morphology.The overall WAT browning efficacy of S.pulcherrima and its isolated bioactive compound MR was demonstrated in the present study.Further scientific substantiations can be carried out for the development of nature-based anti-obesogenic drugs.展开更多
The most frequent cause of gastrointestinal disorders characterized by inflammation and disturbance of the gastrointestinal system,is infection from various bacterial strains.Garcinia morella(Gaertn.)Desr.(Clusiaceae)...The most frequent cause of gastrointestinal disorders characterized by inflammation and disturbance of the gastrointestinal system,is infection from various bacterial strains.Garcinia morella(Gaertn.)Desr.(Clusiaceae)a well-known traditional food is also used in healing digestive disorders for centuries.However,its protective activity in the pathogenesis of pathogen-induced gut disruption remains unclear.This study investigated the beneficial effect of G.morella fruits in remediating pathogen-induced intestinal disruption in Caco-2 cells.The antimicrobial activity of G.morella hydroalcoholic fruit extract with known chemical composition against the opportunistic pathogens,Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were evaluated.Transepithelial electrical resistance and dextran permeability assay were performed to evaluate the permeability in Caco-2 monolayers.Western blot assays were performed to detect the expression of the intestinal tight junction proteins:zonula occludens-1,claudin-1,occludin,and E-cadherin;and phosphorylation of inflammatory markers:ERK(Extracellular signal-regulated kinase),and JNK(Jun N-terminal kinase).Three bioactive compounds:garcinol,hydroxycitric acid,and hydroxycitric acid lactone were identified,qualitatively and quantitatively assessed with HPLC(high performance liquid chromatography).G.morella hydroalcoholic extract and its compounds prevented the decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance caused by pathogen infection in Caco-2 cells.G.morella and compounds also decreased permeability in Caco-2 monolayer,increased by pathogen infection.G.morella and garcinol enhanced tight junction protein expression.A decrease in extracellular-signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation was observed in G.morella and garcinol-treated cells.Overall,the results showed the potential of G.morella and its compounds in maintaining intestinal integrity and validate its traditional claims in ameliorating stomach ailments.The study also provided new guidance in development of nutraceuticals that aid in curing leaky gut.展开更多
基金supported by the Department of Science and Technology(DST)INSPIRE,Government of India,sanction number DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2018/IF180899IASST in-house core funded research project no.IASST/R&D/LSD/IHP-4/2023-24/1275-1283.
文摘Obesity,a worldwide epidemic,is a metabolic disturbance marked by acute adipose inflammation in the body due to accumulation of surplus nutrients.The aim of the study is to inverse the pathological development of obesity through conversion of WAT to brown AT by employing the traditionally acclaimed fat reducing efficacy of Sarcochlamys pulcherrima Gaud.(SP),a leafy dietary vegetable,and its isolated bioactive compound Myricitrin(MR).The study was carried out using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HF diet C57BL/6 mice treated with SPEF(SP enriched fraction)and MR.Accumulation of triglycerides,lipids and ROS were checked along with mitochondrial biogenesis.Immunoblotting for AMPK dependent mitochondrial biogenesis,browning markers,lipogenic and inflammatory proteins were checked aided by in silico analysis.Histopathological analysis of the adipose tissue was supported with immunoblotting techniques.Treatment with MR significantly reduced the triglyceride,lipid and ROS levels with elevated mitochondrial biogenesis.MR also upregulates AMPK/SIRT1 dependent browning markers:UCP1 and PRDM16 and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines with reduced lipogenesis.Administration of SPEF 150 and 300 mg/kg b.w for 6 weeks on HF diet mice showed significant reduction in body weight,triglyceride and cholesterol levels.Histology of adipose tissue showed brown AT depots in the treated group.In silico analysis showed the activation of SIRT1 substrate with MR leading to changes in adipose tissue morphology.The overall WAT browning efficacy of S.pulcherrima and its isolated bioactive compound MR was demonstrated in the present study.Further scientific substantiations can be carried out for the development of nature-based anti-obesogenic drugs.
基金supported by Council of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR),India,File No.09/835(0029)/2019-EMR-I,IASST in-house core funded research project no.IASST/R&D/LSD/IHP-4/2023-24/1275-1283 for funding.
文摘The most frequent cause of gastrointestinal disorders characterized by inflammation and disturbance of the gastrointestinal system,is infection from various bacterial strains.Garcinia morella(Gaertn.)Desr.(Clusiaceae)a well-known traditional food is also used in healing digestive disorders for centuries.However,its protective activity in the pathogenesis of pathogen-induced gut disruption remains unclear.This study investigated the beneficial effect of G.morella fruits in remediating pathogen-induced intestinal disruption in Caco-2 cells.The antimicrobial activity of G.morella hydroalcoholic fruit extract with known chemical composition against the opportunistic pathogens,Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were evaluated.Transepithelial electrical resistance and dextran permeability assay were performed to evaluate the permeability in Caco-2 monolayers.Western blot assays were performed to detect the expression of the intestinal tight junction proteins:zonula occludens-1,claudin-1,occludin,and E-cadherin;and phosphorylation of inflammatory markers:ERK(Extracellular signal-regulated kinase),and JNK(Jun N-terminal kinase).Three bioactive compounds:garcinol,hydroxycitric acid,and hydroxycitric acid lactone were identified,qualitatively and quantitatively assessed with HPLC(high performance liquid chromatography).G.morella hydroalcoholic extract and its compounds prevented the decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance caused by pathogen infection in Caco-2 cells.G.morella and compounds also decreased permeability in Caco-2 monolayer,increased by pathogen infection.G.morella and garcinol enhanced tight junction protein expression.A decrease in extracellular-signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation was observed in G.morella and garcinol-treated cells.Overall,the results showed the potential of G.morella and its compounds in maintaining intestinal integrity and validate its traditional claims in ameliorating stomach ailments.The study also provided new guidance in development of nutraceuticals that aid in curing leaky gut.
