Objective:Indocyanine green(ICG)with near-infrared fluorescence absorption is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for clinical applications in angiography,blood flow evaluation,and liver functio...Objective:Indocyanine green(ICG)with near-infrared fluorescence absorption is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for clinical applications in angiography,blood flow evaluation,and liver function assessment.It has strong optical absorption in the near-infrared region,where light can penetrate deepest into biological tissue.We sought to review its value in guiding prostate cancer treatment.Methods:All related literature at PubMed from January 2000 to December 2020 were reviewed.Results:Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated the usefulness of ICG in identifying prostate cancer by using different engineering techniques.Clinical studies have demonstrated the usefulness of ICG in guiding sentinel node dissection during radical prostatectomy,and possible better preservation of neurovascular bundle by identifying landmark prostatic arteries.New techniques such as adding fluorescein in additional to ICG were tested in a limited number of patients with encouraging result.In addition,the use of the ICG was shown to be safe.Even though there are encouraging results,it does not carry sufficient sensitivity and specificity in replacing extended pelvic lymph node dissection during radical prostatectomy.Conclusion:Multiple preclinical and clinical studies have shown the usefulness of ICG in identifying and guiding treatment for prostate cancer.Larger randomized prospective studies are warranted to further test its usefulness and find new modified approaches.展开更多
An effective electrocatalyst being highly active in all pH range for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for energy conversion and storage devices.However,most of the high-efficiency ORR catalysis was reported in...An effective electrocatalyst being highly active in all pH range for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for energy conversion and storage devices.However,most of the high-efficiency ORR catalysis was reported in alkaline conditions.Herein,we demonstrated the preparation of atomically dispersed Fe-Zn pairs anchored on porous N-doped carbon frameworks(Fe-Zn-SA/NC),which works efficiently as ORR catalyst in the whole pH range.It achieves high half-wave potentials of 0.78,0.85 and 0.72 V in 0.1 M HClO4,0.1 M KOH and 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline(PBS)solutions,respectively,as well as respectable stability.The performances are even comparable to Pt/C.Furthermore,when assembled into a Zn-air battery,the high power density of 167.2 mWcm−2 and 120 h durability reveal the feasibility of Fe-Zn-SA/NC in real energy-related devices.Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the superior catalytic activity of Fe-Zn-SA/NC can be contributed to the lower energy barriers of ORR at the Fe-Zn-N6 centers.This work demonstrates the potential of Fe-Zn pairs as alternatives to the Pt catalysts for efficient catalytic ORR and provides new insights of dual-atom catalysts for other energy conversion related catalytic reactions.展开更多
Electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction to generate NH_(3)under ambient conditions offers an attractive alternative to the energy-extensive Haber-Bosch route;however,the challenge still lies in the development of cost-...Electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction to generate NH_(3)under ambient conditions offers an attractive alternative to the energy-extensive Haber-Bosch route;however,the challenge still lies in the development of cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts.Herein,nanoporous VN film is first designed as a highly selective and stable electrocatalyst for catalyzing reduction of NO to NH_(3)with a maximal Faradaic efficiency of 85%and a peak yield rate of 1.05×10^(-7)mol·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)(corresponding to 5,140.8mg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat).^(-1))at-0.6 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode in acid medium.Meanwhile,this catalyst maintains an excellent activity with negligible current density and NH_(3)yield rate decays over 40 h.Moreover,as a proof-of-concept of Zn-NO battery,it delivers a high power density of 2.0 mW·cm^(-2)and a large NH_(3)yield rate of 0.22×10^(-7)mol·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)(corresponding to 1,077.1mg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat).^(-1)),both of which are comparable to the best-reported results.Theoretical analyses confirm that the VN surface favors the activation and hydrogenation of NO by suppressing the hydrogen evolution.This work highlights that the electrochemical NO reduction is an eco-friendly and energy-efficient strategy to produce NH_(3).展开更多
文摘Objective:Indocyanine green(ICG)with near-infrared fluorescence absorption is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for clinical applications in angiography,blood flow evaluation,and liver function assessment.It has strong optical absorption in the near-infrared region,where light can penetrate deepest into biological tissue.We sought to review its value in guiding prostate cancer treatment.Methods:All related literature at PubMed from January 2000 to December 2020 were reviewed.Results:Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated the usefulness of ICG in identifying prostate cancer by using different engineering techniques.Clinical studies have demonstrated the usefulness of ICG in guiding sentinel node dissection during radical prostatectomy,and possible better preservation of neurovascular bundle by identifying landmark prostatic arteries.New techniques such as adding fluorescein in additional to ICG were tested in a limited number of patients with encouraging result.In addition,the use of the ICG was shown to be safe.Even though there are encouraging results,it does not carry sufficient sensitivity and specificity in replacing extended pelvic lymph node dissection during radical prostatectomy.Conclusion:Multiple preclinical and clinical studies have shown the usefulness of ICG in identifying and guiding treatment for prostate cancer.Larger randomized prospective studies are warranted to further test its usefulness and find new modified approaches.
基金This work was financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFA0700104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075211,21601136,51971157,51761165012,and 62005173)+2 种基金Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020TQ0201)Tianjin Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.19JCJQJC61800)The authors also acknowledge National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen for providing the computational resources and materials studio(version 7.0,DMol3).
文摘An effective electrocatalyst being highly active in all pH range for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for energy conversion and storage devices.However,most of the high-efficiency ORR catalysis was reported in alkaline conditions.Herein,we demonstrated the preparation of atomically dispersed Fe-Zn pairs anchored on porous N-doped carbon frameworks(Fe-Zn-SA/NC),which works efficiently as ORR catalyst in the whole pH range.It achieves high half-wave potentials of 0.78,0.85 and 0.72 V in 0.1 M HClO4,0.1 M KOH and 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline(PBS)solutions,respectively,as well as respectable stability.The performances are even comparable to Pt/C.Furthermore,when assembled into a Zn-air battery,the high power density of 167.2 mWcm−2 and 120 h durability reveal the feasibility of Fe-Zn-SA/NC in real energy-related devices.Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the superior catalytic activity of Fe-Zn-SA/NC can be contributed to the lower energy barriers of ORR at the Fe-Zn-N6 centers.This work demonstrates the potential of Fe-Zn pairs as alternatives to the Pt catalysts for efficient catalytic ORR and provides new insights of dual-atom catalysts for other energy conversion related catalytic reactions.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075211,22109118,21601136,51971157,51621003,and 21905246)Tianjin Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.19JCJQJC61800)The authors would also like to express their gratitude to Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University,Abha,Saudi Arabia for funding this work through the Research Group Program under No.RGP.2/79/43.
文摘Electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction to generate NH_(3)under ambient conditions offers an attractive alternative to the energy-extensive Haber-Bosch route;however,the challenge still lies in the development of cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts.Herein,nanoporous VN film is first designed as a highly selective and stable electrocatalyst for catalyzing reduction of NO to NH_(3)with a maximal Faradaic efficiency of 85%and a peak yield rate of 1.05×10^(-7)mol·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)(corresponding to 5,140.8mg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat).^(-1))at-0.6 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode in acid medium.Meanwhile,this catalyst maintains an excellent activity with negligible current density and NH_(3)yield rate decays over 40 h.Moreover,as a proof-of-concept of Zn-NO battery,it delivers a high power density of 2.0 mW·cm^(-2)and a large NH_(3)yield rate of 0.22×10^(-7)mol·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)(corresponding to 1,077.1mg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat).^(-1)),both of which are comparable to the best-reported results.Theoretical analyses confirm that the VN surface favors the activation and hydrogenation of NO by suppressing the hydrogen evolution.This work highlights that the electrochemical NO reduction is an eco-friendly and energy-efficient strategy to produce NH_(3).
