This study was aimed to introduce a novel entry point for pedicle screw fixation in the thoracic spine and compare it with the traditional entry point. A novel entry point was found with the aim of improving accuracy,...This study was aimed to introduce a novel entry point for pedicle screw fixation in the thoracic spine and compare it with the traditional entry point. A novel entry point was found with the aim of improving accuracy, safety and stability of pedicle screw technique based on anatomical structures of the spine. A total of 76 pieces of normal thoracic CT images at the transverse plane and the thoracic pedicle anatomy of 6 cadaveric specimens were recruited.Transverse pedicle angle（TPA）, screw length, screw placement accuracy rate and axial pullout strength of the two different entry point groups were compared. There were significant differences in the TPA, screw length, and the screw placement accuracy rate between the two groups（P〈0.05）. The maximum axial pullout strength of the novel entry point group was slightly larger than that of the traditional group. However, the difference was not significant（P 〉 0.05）. The novel entry point significantly improved the accuracy, stability and safety of pedicle screw placement.With reference to the advantages above, the new entry point can be used for spinal internal fixations in the thoracic spine.展开更多
The study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of an extradural nerve anastomosis technique for the restoration of a C5 and C6 avulsion of the brachial plexus.Nine fresh frozen human cadavers were used.The diameters,s...The study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of an extradural nerve anastomosis technique for the restoration of a C5 and C6 avulsion of the brachial plexus.Nine fresh frozen human cadavers were used.The diameters,sizes,and locations of the extradural spinal nerve roots were observed.The lengths of the extradural spinal nerve roots and the distance between the neighboring nerve root outlets were measured and compared in the cervical segments.In the spinal canal,the ventral and dorsal roots were separated by the dura and arachnoid.The ventral and dorsal roots of C7 had sufficient lengths to anastomose those of C6.The ventral and dorsal of C4 had enough length to be transferred to those of C5,respectively.The feasibility of this extradural nerve anastomosis technique for restoring C5 and C6 avulsion of the brachial plexus in human cadavers was demonstrated in our anatomical study.展开更多
Multi-mode fiber(MMF)links are expected to greatly enhance capacity to cope with rapidly increasing data traffic in optical short-reach systems and networks.Recently,mode division multiplexing(MDM)over MMF has been pr...Multi-mode fiber(MMF)links are expected to greatly enhance capacity to cope with rapidly increasing data traffic in optical short-reach systems and networks.Recently,mode division multiplexing(MDM)over MMF has been proposed,in which different modes in MMF are utilized as spatial channels for data transmission.Stronglycoupled MDM techniques utilizing coherent detection and multiplex-input-multiplex-output(MIMO)digital signal processing(DSP)are complex and expensive for shortreach transmission.So the weakly-coupled approach by significantly suppressing mode coupling in the fiber and optical components has been proposed.In this way,the signals in each mode can be independently transmitted and received using conventional intensity modulation and direct detection(IM-DD).In this paper,we elaborate the key technologies to realize weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional MMF,including mode characteristic in MMF and weakly-coupled mode multiplexer/ demultiplexer(MUX/DEMUX).We also present the upto-date experimental results for weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional OM3 MMF.We show that weakly-coupled MDM scheme is promising for high-speed optical interconnections and bandwidth upgrade of already-deployed MMF links.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant #81371968, #81371969,#81401791)the Program for Development of Innovative Research Team in the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU (No. IRT-015)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘This study was aimed to introduce a novel entry point for pedicle screw fixation in the thoracic spine and compare it with the traditional entry point. A novel entry point was found with the aim of improving accuracy, safety and stability of pedicle screw technique based on anatomical structures of the spine. A total of 76 pieces of normal thoracic CT images at the transverse plane and the thoracic pedicle anatomy of 6 cadaveric specimens were recruited.Transverse pedicle angle（TPA）, screw length, screw placement accuracy rate and axial pullout strength of the two different entry point groups were compared. There were significant differences in the TPA, screw length, and the screw placement accuracy rate between the two groups（P〈0.05）. The maximum axial pullout strength of the novel entry point group was slightly larger than that of the traditional group. However, the difference was not significant（P 〉 0.05）. The novel entry point significantly improved the accuracy, stability and safety of pedicle screw placement.With reference to the advantages above, the new entry point can be used for spinal internal fixations in the thoracic spine.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(Grant#81401791,#81371968,#81672152)A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘The study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of an extradural nerve anastomosis technique for the restoration of a C5 and C6 avulsion of the brachial plexus.Nine fresh frozen human cadavers were used.The diameters,sizes,and locations of the extradural spinal nerve roots were observed.The lengths of the extradural spinal nerve roots and the distance between the neighboring nerve root outlets were measured and compared in the cervical segments.In the spinal canal,the ventral and dorsal roots were separated by the dura and arachnoid.The ventral and dorsal roots of C7 had sufficient lengths to anastomose those of C6.The ventral and dorsal of C4 had enough length to be transferred to those of C5,respectively.The feasibility of this extradural nerve anastomosis technique for restoring C5 and C6 avulsion of the brachial plexus in human cadavers was demonstrated in our anatomical study.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61771024,61627814,61505002,61690194 and 61605004)Fundamental Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation(Nos.JCYJ 20170412153729436 and 20170307172513653).
文摘Multi-mode fiber(MMF)links are expected to greatly enhance capacity to cope with rapidly increasing data traffic in optical short-reach systems and networks.Recently,mode division multiplexing(MDM)over MMF has been proposed,in which different modes in MMF are utilized as spatial channels for data transmission.Stronglycoupled MDM techniques utilizing coherent detection and multiplex-input-multiplex-output(MIMO)digital signal processing(DSP)are complex and expensive for shortreach transmission.So the weakly-coupled approach by significantly suppressing mode coupling in the fiber and optical components has been proposed.In this way,the signals in each mode can be independently transmitted and received using conventional intensity modulation and direct detection(IM-DD).In this paper,we elaborate the key technologies to realize weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional MMF,including mode characteristic in MMF and weakly-coupled mode multiplexer/ demultiplexer(MUX/DEMUX).We also present the upto-date experimental results for weakly-coupled MDM transmission over conventional OM3 MMF.We show that weakly-coupled MDM scheme is promising for high-speed optical interconnections and bandwidth upgrade of already-deployed MMF links.
