The effects of adding a bulking agent on the performance and odor emissions（ammonia and eight sulfur-containing odorous compounds） when biodrying kitchen waste were investigated. Three treatments were considered： t...The effects of adding a bulking agent on the performance and odor emissions（ammonia and eight sulfur-containing odorous compounds） when biodrying kitchen waste were investigated. Three treatments were considered： the addition of either cornstalks（CS） or wood peat（WP） to kitchen waste as a bulking agent before biodrying, and a control treatment（CK）. The water-removal rates for CK, CS, and WP treatments were 0.35, 0.56, and0.43 kg/kg, respectively. Addition of bulking agents to kitchen waste produced less leachate,higher moisture-removal rates, and lower consumption of volatile solids. The CS treatment had the highest biodrying index（4.07）, and those for the WP and CK treatments were 3.67 and 1.97, respectively. Adding cornstalks or wood peat decreased NH3 emissions by 55.8%and 71.7%, respectively. Total sulfur losses were 3.6%–21.6% after 21 days biodrying, and H2 S and Me2 SS were the main（〉 95%） sulfur compounds released. The smallest amounts of sulfur-containing odorous compounds were emitted when cornstalks were added, and adding cornstalks and wood peat decreased total sulfur losses by 50.6%–64.8%.展开更多
Plastic film mulching(PFM)enhances plant growth and productivity by modifying soil properties.In Sri Lanka,the adoption of PFM is gradually rising,especially for high-value crops.However,its influence on soil remains ...Plastic film mulching(PFM)enhances plant growth and productivity by modifying soil properties.In Sri Lanka,the adoption of PFM is gradually rising,especially for high-value crops.However,its influence on soil remains a topic of significant scrutiny,especially in environmentally delicate locations such as the wet zone(WZ)of Sri Lanka.This research examines how different PFMs affect soil physicochemical properties and plant performance in chili production within the WZ.Chili(Capsicum annuum cv.MICH HY-1)was cultivated under a non-biodegradable low-density polyethylene(LDPE)mulch(PEUK),a reflective LDPE mulch,a PLA-PBAT biodegradable mulch(BD)and no mulch film application for one growing season.Soil physicochemical properties(pH,EC,moisture,nutrients and temperature),plant height and leaf chlorophyll content(SPAD)were measured monthly.The fresh biomass of roots,leaves,stems and remaining fruits was measured at the end of the season.This study demonstrated that mulching effectively conserved soil NO_(3)^(–)and available P while having no significant impact on NH_(4)^(+)levels.Mulching increased gravimetric moisture content(GMC)and soil temperature compared to the control,with PEUK achieving the highest soil temperature(36.3±0.71°C).Mulching did not influence soil pH,but the control consistently had the lowest EC(17.6±1.54µS·cm^(−1)).Mulching significantly improved plant height(PEUK of 70.2±1.7 cm),SPAD(PEUK of 65.6±1.4),yield(BD of 1230±84 g)and fresh biomass relative to the control(height of 58.8±2.3 cm,SPAD of 49.7±1.5 and yield of 736±59 g).Overall,the findings demonstrate that biodegradable mulch performed similarly to non-biodegradable plastic mulches in improving both soil properties and crop yield,indicating it could be a sustainable alternative for chili production in wet tropical regions.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of Chinathrough the High Effective Intelligent Composting Process and Key Technology Research program(No.2016YFD0800601)the project of“State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials”(No.SWR-2014-005)
文摘The effects of adding a bulking agent on the performance and odor emissions（ammonia and eight sulfur-containing odorous compounds） when biodrying kitchen waste were investigated. Three treatments were considered： the addition of either cornstalks（CS） or wood peat（WP） to kitchen waste as a bulking agent before biodrying, and a control treatment（CK）. The water-removal rates for CK, CS, and WP treatments were 0.35, 0.56, and0.43 kg/kg, respectively. Addition of bulking agents to kitchen waste produced less leachate,higher moisture-removal rates, and lower consumption of volatile solids. The CS treatment had the highest biodrying index（4.07）, and those for the WP and CK treatments were 3.67 and 1.97, respectively. Adding cornstalks or wood peat decreased NH3 emissions by 55.8%and 71.7%, respectively. Total sulfur losses were 3.6%–21.6% after 21 days biodrying, and H2 S and Me2 SS were the main（〉 95%） sulfur compounds released. The smallest amounts of sulfur-containing odorous compounds were emitted when cornstalks were added, and adding cornstalks and wood peat decreased total sulfur losses by 50.6%–64.8%.
基金supported by UKRI Global Challenges Research Fund (NE/V005871/1).
文摘Plastic film mulching(PFM)enhances plant growth and productivity by modifying soil properties.In Sri Lanka,the adoption of PFM is gradually rising,especially for high-value crops.However,its influence on soil remains a topic of significant scrutiny,especially in environmentally delicate locations such as the wet zone(WZ)of Sri Lanka.This research examines how different PFMs affect soil physicochemical properties and plant performance in chili production within the WZ.Chili(Capsicum annuum cv.MICH HY-1)was cultivated under a non-biodegradable low-density polyethylene(LDPE)mulch(PEUK),a reflective LDPE mulch,a PLA-PBAT biodegradable mulch(BD)and no mulch film application for one growing season.Soil physicochemical properties(pH,EC,moisture,nutrients and temperature),plant height and leaf chlorophyll content(SPAD)were measured monthly.The fresh biomass of roots,leaves,stems and remaining fruits was measured at the end of the season.This study demonstrated that mulching effectively conserved soil NO_(3)^(–)and available P while having no significant impact on NH_(4)^(+)levels.Mulching increased gravimetric moisture content(GMC)and soil temperature compared to the control,with PEUK achieving the highest soil temperature(36.3±0.71°C).Mulching did not influence soil pH,but the control consistently had the lowest EC(17.6±1.54µS·cm^(−1)).Mulching significantly improved plant height(PEUK of 70.2±1.7 cm),SPAD(PEUK of 65.6±1.4),yield(BD of 1230±84 g)and fresh biomass relative to the control(height of 58.8±2.3 cm,SPAD of 49.7±1.5 and yield of 736±59 g).Overall,the findings demonstrate that biodegradable mulch performed similarly to non-biodegradable plastic mulches in improving both soil properties and crop yield,indicating it could be a sustainable alternative for chili production in wet tropical regions.
