Along with decrease of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))concentration in recent years in China,secondary species become increasingly important.This work focuses on characterizing secondary components,and a few importa...Along with decrease of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))concentration in recent years in China,secondary species become increasingly important.This work focuses on characterizing secondary components,and a few important groups of organics including organic nitrogen(ON),organonitrates(OrgN),organosulfates(OS)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),via online measurement of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))in Nanjing,China,during 2022 summer.The average PM_(1) concentration was 15.39μg/m^(3),dominated by secondary components(69.1%),which were even more important at higher PM_(1) levels.The primary organic aerosols(POA)were from traffic,industry and cooking;the two secondary OA factors were both closely linked with photochemistry,with one(OOA1)being relatively fresh and important in early afternoon and another(OOA2)being aged and important in late afternoon.Sulfate formation was also governed by photochemistry but resembled that of OOA2 not OOA1;nitrate formation was associated strongly with heterogeneous hydrolysis and thermodynamic equilibrium.Results also reveal a possible photochemical reaction channel from POA to OOA1,then to OOA2.Case studies show that formations of secondary components responded differently to different weather conditions and governed summer PM_(1) pollution.The average ON,OrgN,OS and PAHs concentrations were determined to be 122.8,84.4,45.6 and 3.3 ng/m^(3),respectively.ON was dominated by primary sources(53.8%).OrgN varied similarly to nitrate.OS formation was linked with aqueous-phase reactions,which were insignificant therefore its level was low.PAHs was mainly from traffic,and photochemical oxidation might be its important sink during afternoon.展开更多
Diacylglycerol(DAG)-based edible oils have attracted increasing research interest owing to their healthpromoting properties.Recent animal and human studies showed that an increased 1,2-DAG content in the liver and ske...Diacylglycerol(DAG)-based edible oils have attracted increasing research interest owing to their healthpromoting properties.Recent animal and human studies showed that an increased 1,2-DAG content in the liver and skeletal muscle may cause insulin resistance.However,earlier studies using animal models or humans reported that dietary DAGs with a 1,2-DAGs to 1,3-D AGs ratio of approximately 3:7 could improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients.This conflict raises the question of whether there is a link between the ingested DAGs and endogenous DAGs during their metabolism.To make a contribution to this field,this review provides an overview of the metabolic pathways of ingested DAGs and biological roles of DAGs(ingested and endogenous)in the change of insulin sensitivity.Accordingly,strategies for further investigations on the metabolism of DAGs are proposed.展开更多
With the in-depth development of China’s market economy,animal husbandry has become an important industry that affects China’s economic form.In order to effectively promote the healthy development of animal husbandr...With the in-depth development of China’s market economy,animal husbandry has become an important industry that affects China’s economic form.In order to effectively promote the healthy development of animal husbandry,attention should be paid to the prevention of animal diseases.This paper made a detailed analysis from the main problems encountered in the process of animal epidemic prevention work as an entry point,and put forward some effective measures for strengthening animal epidemic prevention work.展开更多
Female primary pelvic retroperitoneal tumours(PPRTs)refer to a heterogeneous group of tumours originating from the retroperitoneal space of the female pelvis,located predominantly or entirely within the true pelvis.Th...Female primary pelvic retroperitoneal tumours(PPRTs)refer to a heterogeneous group of tumours originating from the retroperitoneal space of the female pelvis,located predominantly or entirely within the true pelvis.This group excludes metastatic tumours,bone-derived tumours,extragastrointestinal stromal tumours,broad ligament myomas,endometriosis,tumours originating from the lymphoreticular system and tumours originating from pelvic visceral organs(such as those of the female reproductive tract,intestines and urinary system).PPRTs,also known as pelvic extraperitoneal tumours,have an incidence rate of less than 0.01%.The upper boundary of the pelvic retroperitoneal space is defined by a line consisting of the superior border of the symphysis pubis,the pubic tubercle and the superior border of the sacral promontory,whereas the inferior boundary extends to the pelvic diaphragm or below.Most female PPRTs are diagnosed during reproductive age,with approximately 80%of the tumours being benign.1 The management of PPRTs poses challenges for general clinicians due to their limited clinical experience,which leads to a high rate of missed cases and misdiagnoses.Compared with abdominal retroperitoneal tumours,the anatomical structure of PPRTs is deeper and more complex,resulting in greater surgical difficulty.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22361162668 and 42021004)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3706203).
文摘Along with decrease of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))concentration in recent years in China,secondary species become increasingly important.This work focuses on characterizing secondary components,and a few important groups of organics including organic nitrogen(ON),organonitrates(OrgN),organosulfates(OS)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),via online measurement of submicron aerosols(PM_(1))in Nanjing,China,during 2022 summer.The average PM_(1) concentration was 15.39μg/m^(3),dominated by secondary components(69.1%),which were even more important at higher PM_(1) levels.The primary organic aerosols(POA)were from traffic,industry and cooking;the two secondary OA factors were both closely linked with photochemistry,with one(OOA1)being relatively fresh and important in early afternoon and another(OOA2)being aged and important in late afternoon.Sulfate formation was also governed by photochemistry but resembled that of OOA2 not OOA1;nitrate formation was associated strongly with heterogeneous hydrolysis and thermodynamic equilibrium.Results also reveal a possible photochemical reaction channel from POA to OOA1,then to OOA2.Case studies show that formations of secondary components responded differently to different weather conditions and governed summer PM_(1) pollution.The average ON,OrgN,OS and PAHs concentrations were determined to be 122.8,84.4,45.6 and 3.3 ng/m^(3),respectively.ON was dominated by primary sources(53.8%).OrgN varied similarly to nitrate.OS formation was linked with aqueous-phase reactions,which were insignificant therefore its level was low.PAHs was mainly from traffic,and photochemical oxidation might be its important sink during afternoon.
基金supported by Chinese National Natural Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(31725022)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health+1 种基金Beijing Technology and Business University(BTBU)(20171049)the Science&Technology Department of Shaanxi Province(2019JM-333)。
文摘Diacylglycerol(DAG)-based edible oils have attracted increasing research interest owing to their healthpromoting properties.Recent animal and human studies showed that an increased 1,2-DAG content in the liver and skeletal muscle may cause insulin resistance.However,earlier studies using animal models or humans reported that dietary DAGs with a 1,2-DAGs to 1,3-D AGs ratio of approximately 3:7 could improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients.This conflict raises the question of whether there is a link between the ingested DAGs and endogenous DAGs during their metabolism.To make a contribution to this field,this review provides an overview of the metabolic pathways of ingested DAGs and biological roles of DAGs(ingested and endogenous)in the change of insulin sensitivity.Accordingly,strategies for further investigations on the metabolism of DAGs are proposed.
文摘With the in-depth development of China’s market economy,animal husbandry has become an important industry that affects China’s economic form.In order to effectively promote the healthy development of animal husbandry,attention should be paid to the prevention of animal diseases.This paper made a detailed analysis from the main problems encountered in the process of animal epidemic prevention work as an entry point,and put forward some effective measures for strengthening animal epidemic prevention work.
基金supported by the Henan Provincial Health Commission Key Project of Science and Technology Research (SBGJ202302074)the Henan Provincial Key Support Discipline Project for 2024-Gynaecological and Obstetric Surgery。
文摘Female primary pelvic retroperitoneal tumours(PPRTs)refer to a heterogeneous group of tumours originating from the retroperitoneal space of the female pelvis,located predominantly or entirely within the true pelvis.This group excludes metastatic tumours,bone-derived tumours,extragastrointestinal stromal tumours,broad ligament myomas,endometriosis,tumours originating from the lymphoreticular system and tumours originating from pelvic visceral organs(such as those of the female reproductive tract,intestines and urinary system).PPRTs,also known as pelvic extraperitoneal tumours,have an incidence rate of less than 0.01%.The upper boundary of the pelvic retroperitoneal space is defined by a line consisting of the superior border of the symphysis pubis,the pubic tubercle and the superior border of the sacral promontory,whereas the inferior boundary extends to the pelvic diaphragm or below.Most female PPRTs are diagnosed during reproductive age,with approximately 80%of the tumours being benign.1 The management of PPRTs poses challenges for general clinicians due to their limited clinical experience,which leads to a high rate of missed cases and misdiagnoses.Compared with abdominal retroperitoneal tumours,the anatomical structure of PPRTs is deeper and more complex,resulting in greater surgical difficulty.
