Objective and Impact Statement.Real-time monitoring of the temperatures of regional tissue microenvironments can serve as the diagnostic basis for treating various health conditions and diseases.Introduction.Tradition...Objective and Impact Statement.Real-time monitoring of the temperatures of regional tissue microenvironments can serve as the diagnostic basis for treating various health conditions and diseases.Introduction.Traditional thermal sensors allow measurements at surfaces or at near-surface regions of the skin or of certain body cavities.Evaluations at depth require implanted devices connected to external readout electronics via physical interfaces that lead to risks for infection and movement constraints for the patient.Also,surgical extraction procedures after a period of need can introduce additional risks and costs.Methods.Here,we report a wireless,bioresorbable class of temperature sensor that exploits multilayer photonic cavities,for continuous optical measurements of regional,deep-tissue microenvironments over a timeframe of interest followed by complete clearance via natural body processes.Results.The designs decouple the influence of detection angle from temperature on the reflection spectra,to enable high accuracy in sensing,as supported by in vitro experiments and optical simulations.Studies with devices implanted into subcutaneous tissues of both awake,freely moving and asleep animal models illustrate the applicability of this technology for in vivo measurements.Conclusion.The results demonstrate the use of bioresorbable materials in advanced photonic structures with unique capabilities in tracking of thermal signatures of tissue microenvironments,with potential relevance to human healthcare.展开更多
Functional surfaces that can control light across the electromagnetic spectrum are highly desirable.Plasmonic nanostructures can assume this role by exhibiting dimension-tunable resonances that span multiple electroma...Functional surfaces that can control light across the electromagnetic spectrum are highly desirable.Plasmonic nanostructures can assume this role by exhibiting dimension-tunable resonances that span multiple electromagnetic regimes.However,changing these structural parameters often impacts the higher-order resonances and spectral features in lower-wavelength domains.In this study,we discuss a cavity-coupled plasmonic system with resonances that are tunable across the 3–5 or 8–14μm infrared bands while retaining near-invariant spectral properties in the visible domain.This result is accomplished by regime-dependent resonance mechanisms and their dependence on independent structural parameters.Through the identification and constraint of key parameters,we demonstrate multispectral data encoding,where images,viewable in the infrared spectral domain,appear as uniform areas of color in the visible domain—effectively hiding the information.Fabricated by large area nanoimprint lithography and compatible with flexible surfaces,the proposed system can produce multifunctional coatings for thermal management,camouflage,and anti-counterfeiting.展开更多
The contemporary era is experiencing an unprecedented dependence on data generated by individuals via an array of interconnected devices constituting the Internet of Things(IoT).The information amassed through IoT dev...The contemporary era is experiencing an unprecedented dependence on data generated by individuals via an array of interconnected devices constituting the Internet of Things(IoT).The information amassed through IoT devices serves many objectives,including prescriptive analytics and predictive maintenance,preemptive healthcare measures,disaster mitigation,operational efficiency,and increased yield.In contrast,most applications or systems that rely on user-generated data to fulfill their business objectives face challenges in adhering to privacy protocols.Consequently,users are exposed to many privacy risks.Such infringements upon privacy provisions give rise to apprehensions regarding the authenticity of the processed data.Hence,this paper presents the weaknesses and challenges in current practices and proposes“PrivySeC”,a Distributed Ledger Technology(DLT)-based framework for privacy preserving and secure sharing of personally and non-personally identifiable information.The security analysis indicates that the proposed solution ensures data privacy by design and complies with most of the requirements mandated by various privacy regulations.Similarly,PrivySeC promises low transaction latency and provides high throughput.Although we have created a privacy-preserving solution for sharing smart farm data,it can be customized to meet the specific privacy requirements of individual applications.展开更多
基金This work utilized Northwestern University Micro/Nano Fabrication Facility(NUFAB)which is partially supported by Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental(SHyNE)Resource(NSF ECCS-1542205)+3 种基金the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center(DMR-1720139)the State of Illinois,and Northwestern University.Y.H.acknowledges the support from the National Science Foundation,USA(grant no.CMMI1635443)supported by Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronicssupported by Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA060553 from the National Cancer Institute awarded to the Robert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center.
文摘Objective and Impact Statement.Real-time monitoring of the temperatures of regional tissue microenvironments can serve as the diagnostic basis for treating various health conditions and diseases.Introduction.Traditional thermal sensors allow measurements at surfaces or at near-surface regions of the skin or of certain body cavities.Evaluations at depth require implanted devices connected to external readout electronics via physical interfaces that lead to risks for infection and movement constraints for the patient.Also,surgical extraction procedures after a period of need can introduce additional risks and costs.Methods.Here,we report a wireless,bioresorbable class of temperature sensor that exploits multilayer photonic cavities,for continuous optical measurements of regional,deep-tissue microenvironments over a timeframe of interest followed by complete clearance via natural body processes.Results.The designs decouple the influence of detection angle from temperature on the reflection spectra,to enable high accuracy in sensing,as supported by in vitro experiments and optical simulations.Studies with devices implanted into subcutaneous tissues of both awake,freely moving and asleep animal models illustrate the applicability of this technology for in vivo measurements.Conclusion.The results demonstrate the use of bioresorbable materials in advanced photonic structures with unique capabilities in tracking of thermal signatures of tissue microenvironments,with potential relevance to human healthcare.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation(NSF)under grant noECCS-1509729the Northrop Grumman University Research Program。
文摘Functional surfaces that can control light across the electromagnetic spectrum are highly desirable.Plasmonic nanostructures can assume this role by exhibiting dimension-tunable resonances that span multiple electromagnetic regimes.However,changing these structural parameters often impacts the higher-order resonances and spectral features in lower-wavelength domains.In this study,we discuss a cavity-coupled plasmonic system with resonances that are tunable across the 3–5 or 8–14μm infrared bands while retaining near-invariant spectral properties in the visible domain.This result is accomplished by regime-dependent resonance mechanisms and their dependence on independent structural parameters.Through the identification and constraint of key parameters,we demonstrate multispectral data encoding,where images,viewable in the infrared spectral domain,appear as uniform areas of color in the visible domain—effectively hiding the information.Fabricated by large area nanoimprint lithography and compatible with flexible surfaces,the proposed system can produce multifunctional coatings for thermal management,camouflage,and anti-counterfeiting.
文摘The contemporary era is experiencing an unprecedented dependence on data generated by individuals via an array of interconnected devices constituting the Internet of Things(IoT).The information amassed through IoT devices serves many objectives,including prescriptive analytics and predictive maintenance,preemptive healthcare measures,disaster mitigation,operational efficiency,and increased yield.In contrast,most applications or systems that rely on user-generated data to fulfill their business objectives face challenges in adhering to privacy protocols.Consequently,users are exposed to many privacy risks.Such infringements upon privacy provisions give rise to apprehensions regarding the authenticity of the processed data.Hence,this paper presents the weaknesses and challenges in current practices and proposes“PrivySeC”,a Distributed Ledger Technology(DLT)-based framework for privacy preserving and secure sharing of personally and non-personally identifiable information.The security analysis indicates that the proposed solution ensures data privacy by design and complies with most of the requirements mandated by various privacy regulations.Similarly,PrivySeC promises low transaction latency and provides high throughput.Although we have created a privacy-preserving solution for sharing smart farm data,it can be customized to meet the specific privacy requirements of individual applications.
