The oxide ZrW_2O_8 displays unusual property of isotropic negative thermalexpansion in a large wide temperature range, which makes it have a number of important potentialapplications. The cubic Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 (x v...The oxide ZrW_2O_8 displays unusual property of isotropic negative thermalexpansion in a large wide temperature range, which makes it have a number of important potentialapplications. The cubic Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 (x velence 0,0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) were synthesized bystandard solid state reaction technique. The high and low temperature X-ray diffraction analysisindicate that the substitution of the Hf^(4+) for Zr^(4+) only leads to reducing the latticeconstants, and the changes of negative thermal expansion coefficients are not obvious. The linearexpansion coefficients of Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 (x velence 0,0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) are about -6 X 10^(-6) K^(-1) in the temperature range of 298 to 973 K, while that of Zr_(0.5)Hf_(0.5)W_2O_8 is -9.6X 10^(-6) K_(-1) from 83 to 298 K. The phase transition temperatures from alpha-ZrW_2O_8 tobeta-ZrW_2O_8 structure were also determined by X-ray diffraction method. Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) exhibits that Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 is not hygroscopic in air.展开更多
Two compounds, Dy_2(WO_4)_3 and GdY(WO_4)_3, were synthesized by using thestandard solid state reaction technique. The crystal structure was determined by powder X-raydiffraction and Rietveld refinement method. It is ...Two compounds, Dy_2(WO_4)_3 and GdY(WO_4)_3, were synthesized by using thestandard solid state reaction technique. The crystal structure was determined by powder X-raydiffraction and Rietveld refinement method. It is found that both compounds have Eu_2(WO_4)_3-typemonoclinic structure, with space group C 2/c, Z = 4. The unit cell parameters of Dy_2(WO_4)_3 are a= 0.75981(1) nm, b = 1.13220(1) nm, c = 1.13254(1) nm, and beta = 109.8001(3) deg, and those ofGdY(WO_4)_3 arc a = 0.76175(1) nm, b = 1.13543(1) nm, c = 1.13496(2) nm, and beta = 109.8015(13)deg. Each W atom has four oxygen nearest neighbors, while each rare-earth atom is surrounded byeight oxygen atoms. WO_4 tetrahedra share their four vertices with REO_8 (RE = Dy, Gd, or Y)trigondodecahedra and some REO_8 trigondodecahedra share an edge with each other. The phasetransition and the magnetic properties were investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA) anddc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer.展开更多
The construction of water conservancy projects need to consume a lot of concrete materials, part of the small sluice system also need to use reinforced concrete as support. However, in the actual construction process,...The construction of water conservancy projects need to consume a lot of concrete materials, part of the small sluice system also need to use reinforced concrete as support. However, in the actual construction process, the concrete structure is often affected by a variety of factors, resulting in cracks of different degrees, which further threatens the overall quality of water conservancy project construction. The crack problem will greatly affect the whole hydraulic structure, and even affect the service life of the project. Therefore, in the process of water conservancy project construction, we must pay more attention to the crack problem and take effective preventive measures according to the specific situation of construction.展开更多
基金This project is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50002001) the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (No. 2000E0006Q)
文摘The oxide ZrW_2O_8 displays unusual property of isotropic negative thermalexpansion in a large wide temperature range, which makes it have a number of important potentialapplications. The cubic Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 (x velence 0,0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) were synthesized bystandard solid state reaction technique. The high and low temperature X-ray diffraction analysisindicate that the substitution of the Hf^(4+) for Zr^(4+) only leads to reducing the latticeconstants, and the changes of negative thermal expansion coefficients are not obvious. The linearexpansion coefficients of Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 (x velence 0,0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) are about -6 X 10^(-6) K^(-1) in the temperature range of 298 to 973 K, while that of Zr_(0.5)Hf_(0.5)W_2O_8 is -9.6X 10^(-6) K_(-1) from 83 to 298 K. The phase transition temperatures from alpha-ZrW_2O_8 tobeta-ZrW_2O_8 structure were also determined by X-ray diffraction method. Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) exhibits that Zr_(1-x)Hf_xW_2O_8 is not hygroscopic in air.
文摘Two compounds, Dy_2(WO_4)_3 and GdY(WO_4)_3, were synthesized by using thestandard solid state reaction technique. The crystal structure was determined by powder X-raydiffraction and Rietveld refinement method. It is found that both compounds have Eu_2(WO_4)_3-typemonoclinic structure, with space group C 2/c, Z = 4. The unit cell parameters of Dy_2(WO_4)_3 are a= 0.75981(1) nm, b = 1.13220(1) nm, c = 1.13254(1) nm, and beta = 109.8001(3) deg, and those ofGdY(WO_4)_3 arc a = 0.76175(1) nm, b = 1.13543(1) nm, c = 1.13496(2) nm, and beta = 109.8015(13)deg. Each W atom has four oxygen nearest neighbors, while each rare-earth atom is surrounded byeight oxygen atoms. WO_4 tetrahedra share their four vertices with REO_8 (RE = Dy, Gd, or Y)trigondodecahedra and some REO_8 trigondodecahedra share an edge with each other. The phasetransition and the magnetic properties were investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA) anddc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer.
文摘The construction of water conservancy projects need to consume a lot of concrete materials, part of the small sluice system also need to use reinforced concrete as support. However, in the actual construction process, the concrete structure is often affected by a variety of factors, resulting in cracks of different degrees, which further threatens the overall quality of water conservancy project construction. The crack problem will greatly affect the whole hydraulic structure, and even affect the service life of the project. Therefore, in the process of water conservancy project construction, we must pay more attention to the crack problem and take effective preventive measures according to the specific situation of construction.
