以程序性死亡配体1/程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1,PD-L1/PD-1)免疫检查点阻断治疗为代表的肿瘤免疫疗法在临床上取得了令人鼓舞的治疗效果。小分子肿瘤免疫治疗药物与免疫检查点抗...以程序性死亡配体1/程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1,PD-L1/PD-1)免疫检查点阻断治疗为代表的肿瘤免疫疗法在临床上取得了令人鼓舞的治疗效果。小分子肿瘤免疫治疗药物与免疫检查点抗体药物的联用,为肿瘤治疗提供了新策略。因此,研发能阻断PD-L1/PD-1免疫检查点相互作用的小分子药物是下一代肿瘤免疫疗法的新方向。本研究对丹酚酸B(salvianolic acid B,SAB)下调肿瘤细胞中PD-L1表达发挥抗肿瘤作用及机制进行了研究。利用Western blot、流式细胞术、PD-1/PD-L1相互作用分析SAB对结肠癌细胞RKO和前列腺癌细胞PC3细胞内和膜表面PD-L1蛋白表达水平的影响;荧光定量PCR检测SAB对PD-L1 mRNA的影响;细胞阻抗法和结晶紫法检测SAB对人类外周血单核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMC)杀伤肿瘤细胞的效果;表面等离子共振技术分析SAB与泛素羧基末端水解酶2(ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2,USP2)的直接相互作用;MC38荷瘤小鼠(所有动物实验均遵循中国医学科学院医药生物技术研究所伦理委员会的规定)检测SAB的体内抑瘤效果。结果表明,SAB能分别以浓度依赖性和时间依赖性方式下调RKO、PC3细胞中以及细胞膜表面PD-L1的水平,这与SAB抑制肿瘤细胞中去泛素化酶USP2的活性有关。机制研究发现,SAB可与USP2发生直接相互作用并抑制其去泛素化酶活性,从而促进PD-L1发生泛素-蛋白酶体途径降解。此外,SAB可促进共培养的PBMC对RKO细胞的杀伤作用。小鼠荷瘤实验证实,SAB可显著抑制C57BL/6小鼠中MC38移植瘤的生长。20 mg·kg^(-1) SAB处理荷瘤小鼠后,可使瘤体积减少63.2%。以上结果说明,SAB通过直接结合USP2并抑制其活性,促进PD-L1发生泛素-蛋白酶体途径降解,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用。本研究为将SAB研发成靶向USP2-PD-L1轴的小分子肿瘤免疫治疗药物奠定了基础。展开更多
A real-time electronic image stabilization motion estimation method based on fast sub- block gray projection algorithm is proposed. In the method, each image is divided into a number of sub-blocks, and sub-blocks are ...A real-time electronic image stabilization motion estimation method based on fast sub- block gray projection algorithm is proposed. In the method, each image is divided into a number of sub-blocks, and sub-blocks are sifted with their gray gradients. After removing sub-blocks whose gray gradients are lower than the given threshold, the calculation amount of projection is reduced and the motion estimation accuracy is improved. Then gray projection is done in each remained sub- block, and global motion vector of the image is calculated according to the local motion vectors of sub-blocks and the affine motion model. The drawbacks as the local motions reducing the global mo- tion estimation accuracy and traditional gray projection algorithm could not deal with rotation are re- solved well by this algorithm. The experiment results show that the algorithm is more accurate and efficient than the gray projection algorithm.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Defense Scientific Research Project （ B2220132013 ）
文摘A real-time electronic image stabilization motion estimation method based on fast sub- block gray projection algorithm is proposed. In the method, each image is divided into a number of sub-blocks, and sub-blocks are sifted with their gray gradients. After removing sub-blocks whose gray gradients are lower than the given threshold, the calculation amount of projection is reduced and the motion estimation accuracy is improved. Then gray projection is done in each remained sub- block, and global motion vector of the image is calculated according to the local motion vectors of sub-blocks and the affine motion model. The drawbacks as the local motions reducing the global mo- tion estimation accuracy and traditional gray projection algorithm could not deal with rotation are re- solved well by this algorithm. The experiment results show that the algorithm is more accurate and efficient than the gray projection algorithm.
