The photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant sulforhodamine-B （SRB） in aqueous titanium dioxide （TiO2） dispersions was examined under three lighting regimes： UV light （330 nm〈λ〈 380 nm）, sunlight, and vis...The photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant sulforhodamine-B （SRB） in aqueous titanium dioxide （TiO2） dispersions was examined under three lighting regimes： UV light （330 nm〈λ〈 380 nm）, sunlight, and visible light （λ〉450 nm）, all investigated at pH=2.5. Total organic carbon （TOC） and chemical oxygen demand （CODer） assays show that the degradation rate of SRB is much higher when irradiated with UV and sunlight compared with visible light. The temporal concentration changes of SRB illustrated a first-order reaction and the rate constant, k, is 0.197 min^-1, 0.152 min^-1, 0.027 min^-1, respectively, under the three lighting conditions. The final mineralized products were amine compounds identified by infrared spectrophotometry. When irradiated with visible light, the photocatalytic degradation rate could be improved by lowering the H2O2 concentration and inhibited by increasing the H2O2 concentration, but results contrary to the above were obtained when UV light was used for irradiation.展开更多
Defining the electron to be a toroidal form of concentrated energy rather than a monopole point-charge, such as used for the Orbital Nuclear Atomic Model (ONAM), leads to a subtly different explanation for electricity...Defining the electron to be a toroidal form of concentrated energy rather than a monopole point-charge, such as used for the Orbital Nuclear Atomic Model (ONAM), leads to a subtly different explanation for electricity and the dynamic nature of electromagnetic fields. The Spin Torus Energy Model (STEM) is used to define the electron and positron, which are then used to explain the nature of electric and magnetic fields, electric current generation from battery and induction sources, capacitor charge and discharge, and superconductivity. STEM supports the notion that free positrons exist within matter, and are equal in importance to electrons: as ONAM makes no provision for positrons within matter, this assertion has wide ranging implications for atomic structure models and chemistry.展开更多
Artificial intelligence is a technology that processes and analyzes information with reproducibility and accuracy.Its application in medicine,especially in the field of gastroenterology,has great potential to facilita...Artificial intelligence is a technology that processes and analyzes information with reproducibility and accuracy.Its application in medicine,especially in the field of gastroenterology,has great potential to facilitate in diagnosis of various disease states.Currently,the role of artificial intelligence as it pertains to colonoscopy revolves around enhanced polyp detection and characterization.The aim of this article is to review the current and potential future applications of artificial intelligence for enhanced quality of detection for colorectal neoplasia.展开更多
I first happened to see this book on the counter at a local bookshop, noted the price, and commented to the bookseller that at $150 I would not be thinking of buying it, though I liked the look of the book. His reply ...I first happened to see this book on the counter at a local bookshop, noted the price, and commented to the bookseller that at $150 I would not be thinking of buying it, though I liked the look of the book. His reply was ＂Well, it＇s an academic book, and they are very expensive these days＂. How true! Fortunately, I later discovered the paperback edition at less than half the price of the hard- back; so I bought it and am glad that I did.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20373074) the National Basic Research Programme (973) of China (No. 2003CB415006-3).
文摘The photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant sulforhodamine-B （SRB） in aqueous titanium dioxide （TiO2） dispersions was examined under three lighting regimes： UV light （330 nm〈λ〈 380 nm）, sunlight, and visible light （λ〉450 nm）, all investigated at pH=2.5. Total organic carbon （TOC） and chemical oxygen demand （CODer） assays show that the degradation rate of SRB is much higher when irradiated with UV and sunlight compared with visible light. The temporal concentration changes of SRB illustrated a first-order reaction and the rate constant, k, is 0.197 min^-1, 0.152 min^-1, 0.027 min^-1, respectively, under the three lighting conditions. The final mineralized products were amine compounds identified by infrared spectrophotometry. When irradiated with visible light, the photocatalytic degradation rate could be improved by lowering the H2O2 concentration and inhibited by increasing the H2O2 concentration, but results contrary to the above were obtained when UV light was used for irradiation.
文摘Defining the electron to be a toroidal form of concentrated energy rather than a monopole point-charge, such as used for the Orbital Nuclear Atomic Model (ONAM), leads to a subtly different explanation for electricity and the dynamic nature of electromagnetic fields. The Spin Torus Energy Model (STEM) is used to define the electron and positron, which are then used to explain the nature of electric and magnetic fields, electric current generation from battery and induction sources, capacitor charge and discharge, and superconductivity. STEM supports the notion that free positrons exist within matter, and are equal in importance to electrons: as ONAM makes no provision for positrons within matter, this assertion has wide ranging implications for atomic structure models and chemistry.
文摘Artificial intelligence is a technology that processes and analyzes information with reproducibility and accuracy.Its application in medicine,especially in the field of gastroenterology,has great potential to facilitate in diagnosis of various disease states.Currently,the role of artificial intelligence as it pertains to colonoscopy revolves around enhanced polyp detection and characterization.The aim of this article is to review the current and potential future applications of artificial intelligence for enhanced quality of detection for colorectal neoplasia.
文摘I first happened to see this book on the counter at a local bookshop, noted the price, and commented to the bookseller that at $150 I would not be thinking of buying it, though I liked the look of the book. His reply was ＂Well, it＇s an academic book, and they are very expensive these days＂. How true! Fortunately, I later discovered the paperback edition at less than half the price of the hard- back; so I bought it and am glad that I did.
