Objective:The risk factors and role of mother–child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD)remain unclear.We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD,analyze the characteri...Objective:The risk factors and role of mother–child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD)remain unclear.We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD,analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota of children and their mothers,and examine the correlation of the microbial composition in mother–child pairs.Methods:We conducted a case-control study including children with PIBD and their mothers as the case group,as well as healthy children and their mothers as the control group.Questionnaires were used to collect information such as family illness history and maternal and early-life events.Fecal samples were collected from the children and mothers for microbiota 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing to analyze the composition and its potential association with PIBD.Results:A total of 54 pairs of cases and 122 pairs of controls were recruited.A family history of autoimmune disease and antibiotic use during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of PIBD,and a higher education level of the father was associated with a decreased risk of PIBD.Children with PIBD and mothers exhibited different gut microbiota compared to healthy children and mothers.Similarities were observed in the gut microbiota of mothers and children in the same groups.Some bacterial biomarkers of mothers discovered in this study had the power to predict PIBD in their offspring.Conclusions:PIBD is influenced by maternal risk factors and has unique gut microbiota characteristics.The mother–child gut microbiota is closely related,suggesting the transmission and influence of the gut microbiota between mothers and children.This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of PIBD and provides a basis for developing targeted interventions.展开更多
The production and usage amount of pesticides in US rank the leading position in the world. On the basis of protecting the environment and human health, US government has enacted a series of laws and regulations to no...The production and usage amount of pesticides in US rank the leading position in the world. On the basis of protecting the environment and human health, US government has enacted a series of laws and regulations to normalize and manage the production and use of pesticides so as to ensure the development of modern agriculture. In this paper, US pesticide management system is briefly reviewed and compared with the pesticide management system of China, which may provide good reference for china in establishing its own management system and make steps towards the international standard.展开更多
Abnormal brain-gut interaction is considered the core pathological mechanism behind the disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI),in which the intestinal microbiota plays an important role.Microglia are the“sentinels...Abnormal brain-gut interaction is considered the core pathological mechanism behind the disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI),in which the intestinal microbiota plays an important role.Microglia are the“sentinels”of the central nervous system(CNS),which participate in tissue damage caused by traumatic brain injury,resist central infection and participate in neurogenesis,and are involved in the occurrence of various neurological diseases.With in-depth research on DGBI,we could find an interaction between the intestinal microbiota and microglia and that they are jointly involved in the occurrence of DGBI,especially in individuals with comorbidities of mental disorders,such as irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).This bidirectional regulation of microbiota and microglia provides a new direction for the treatment of DGBI.In this review,we focus on the role and underlying mechanism of the interaction between gut microbiota and microglia in DGBI,especially IBS,and the corresponding clinical application prospects and highlight its potential to treat DGBI in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFA1301300,2019YFA0905600,and 2023YFC2706503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82170557 and 82000510).
文摘Objective:The risk factors and role of mother–child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD)remain unclear.We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD,analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota of children and their mothers,and examine the correlation of the microbial composition in mother–child pairs.Methods:We conducted a case-control study including children with PIBD and their mothers as the case group,as well as healthy children and their mothers as the control group.Questionnaires were used to collect information such as family illness history and maternal and early-life events.Fecal samples were collected from the children and mothers for microbiota 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing to analyze the composition and its potential association with PIBD.Results:A total of 54 pairs of cases and 122 pairs of controls were recruited.A family history of autoimmune disease and antibiotic use during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of PIBD,and a higher education level of the father was associated with a decreased risk of PIBD.Children with PIBD and mothers exhibited different gut microbiota compared to healthy children and mothers.Similarities were observed in the gut microbiota of mothers and children in the same groups.Some bacterial biomarkers of mothers discovered in this study had the power to predict PIBD in their offspring.Conclusions:PIBD is influenced by maternal risk factors and has unique gut microbiota characteristics.The mother–child gut microbiota is closely related,suggesting the transmission and influence of the gut microbiota between mothers and children.This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of PIBD and provides a basis for developing targeted interventions.
文摘The production and usage amount of pesticides in US rank the leading position in the world. On the basis of protecting the environment and human health, US government has enacted a series of laws and regulations to normalize and manage the production and use of pesticides so as to ensure the development of modern agriculture. In this paper, US pesticide management system is briefly reviewed and compared with the pesticide management system of China, which may provide good reference for china in establishing its own management system and make steps towards the international standard.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1301300,2019YFA0905600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82170557,81670491,82000510).
文摘Abnormal brain-gut interaction is considered the core pathological mechanism behind the disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI),in which the intestinal microbiota plays an important role.Microglia are the“sentinels”of the central nervous system(CNS),which participate in tissue damage caused by traumatic brain injury,resist central infection and participate in neurogenesis,and are involved in the occurrence of various neurological diseases.With in-depth research on DGBI,we could find an interaction between the intestinal microbiota and microglia and that they are jointly involved in the occurrence of DGBI,especially in individuals with comorbidities of mental disorders,such as irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).This bidirectional regulation of microbiota and microglia provides a new direction for the treatment of DGBI.In this review,we focus on the role and underlying mechanism of the interaction between gut microbiota and microglia in DGBI,especially IBS,and the corresponding clinical application prospects and highlight its potential to treat DGBI in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities.
