Additive Manufacturing(AM)can provide customized parts that conventional techniques fail to deliver.One important parameter in AM is the quality of the parts,as a result of the material extrusion 3D printing(3D-P)proc...Additive Manufacturing(AM)can provide customized parts that conventional techniques fail to deliver.One important parameter in AM is the quality of the parts,as a result of the material extrusion 3D printing(3D-P)procedure.This can be very important in defense-related applications,where optimum performance needs to be guaranteed.The quality of the Polyetherimide 3D-P specimens was examined by considering six control parameters,namely,infill percentage,layer height,deposition angle,travel speed,nozzle,and bed temperature.The quality indicators were the root mean square(Rq)and average(Ra)roughness,porosity,and the actual to nominal dimensional deviation.The examination was performed with optical profilometry,optical microscopy,and micro-computed tomography scanning.The Taguchi design of experiments was applied,with twenty-five runs,five levels for each control parameter,on five replicas.Two additional confirmation runs were conducted,to ensure reliability.Prediction equations were constructed to express the quality indicators in terms of the control parameters.Three modeling approaches were applied to the experimental data,to compare their efficiency,i.e.,Linear Regression Model(LRM),Reduced Quadratic Regression Model,and Quadratic Regression Model(QRM).QRM was the most accurate one,still the differences were not high even considering the simpler LRM model.展开更多
Biocomposite filaments for material extrusion(MEX)additive manufacturing,particularly those derived from agricultural biomass,have attracted significant research and industrial interest.Biochar is a well-documented re...Biocomposite filaments for material extrusion(MEX)additive manufacturing,particularly those derived from agricultural biomass,have attracted significant research and industrial interest.Biochar is a well-documented reinforcement agent that is used in several polymeric matrices.However,systematic research efforts regarding the quality scores of parts built with MEX 3D printing with biochar-based filaments are marginal.Herein,the impact of biochar loading on the quality metrics of the five most popular polymers for MEX 3D printing(ABS,HDPE,PETG,PP,and PLA)is quantitatively examined in depth.Sophisticated and massive Non-Destructive Tests(NDTs)were conducted,and the impact of biochar loading on the critical quality indicators(CQIs),including porosity,dimensional conformity,and surface roughness,was documented.The quality scores for the biochar filler loading,also five in total,were statistically correlated with the corresponding reinforcement metrics for the five polymeric matrices.A statistically significant antagonistic interaction between the tensile strength course and porosity/dimensional deviation metrics,particularly for PETG,was observed.It can be concluded that the lowest porosity and dimensional deviation are associated with the highest strength.The 4 wt%biocomposite exhibited optimal quality performance in most polymers studied.展开更多
文摘Additive Manufacturing(AM)can provide customized parts that conventional techniques fail to deliver.One important parameter in AM is the quality of the parts,as a result of the material extrusion 3D printing(3D-P)procedure.This can be very important in defense-related applications,where optimum performance needs to be guaranteed.The quality of the Polyetherimide 3D-P specimens was examined by considering six control parameters,namely,infill percentage,layer height,deposition angle,travel speed,nozzle,and bed temperature.The quality indicators were the root mean square(Rq)and average(Ra)roughness,porosity,and the actual to nominal dimensional deviation.The examination was performed with optical profilometry,optical microscopy,and micro-computed tomography scanning.The Taguchi design of experiments was applied,with twenty-five runs,five levels for each control parameter,on five replicas.Two additional confirmation runs were conducted,to ensure reliability.Prediction equations were constructed to express the quality indicators in terms of the control parameters.Three modeling approaches were applied to the experimental data,to compare their efficiency,i.e.,Linear Regression Model(LRM),Reduced Quadratic Regression Model,and Quadratic Regression Model(QRM).QRM was the most accurate one,still the differences were not high even considering the simpler LRM model.
文摘Biocomposite filaments for material extrusion(MEX)additive manufacturing,particularly those derived from agricultural biomass,have attracted significant research and industrial interest.Biochar is a well-documented reinforcement agent that is used in several polymeric matrices.However,systematic research efforts regarding the quality scores of parts built with MEX 3D printing with biochar-based filaments are marginal.Herein,the impact of biochar loading on the quality metrics of the five most popular polymers for MEX 3D printing(ABS,HDPE,PETG,PP,and PLA)is quantitatively examined in depth.Sophisticated and massive Non-Destructive Tests(NDTs)were conducted,and the impact of biochar loading on the critical quality indicators(CQIs),including porosity,dimensional conformity,and surface roughness,was documented.The quality scores for the biochar filler loading,also five in total,were statistically correlated with the corresponding reinforcement metrics for the five polymeric matrices.A statistically significant antagonistic interaction between the tensile strength course and porosity/dimensional deviation metrics,particularly for PETG,was observed.It can be concluded that the lowest porosity and dimensional deviation are associated with the highest strength.The 4 wt%biocomposite exhibited optimal quality performance in most polymers studied.
