Regulation of phase structure has been recognized as one of the most effective ways to fabricate self-healing polymers with high mechanical strength.The mechanical properties of the resultant polymers are certainly af...Regulation of phase structure has been recognized as one of the most effective ways to fabricate self-healing polymers with high mechanical strength.The mechanical properties of the resultant polymers are certainly affected by the size of separated phase domain.However,the study on this aspect is absence,because it can hardly exclude the influence of variation in monomer proportion required for tuning the separated phase size.Here,we report the first study on tuning the phase size through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)polymerization without changing the proportion of monomers.As expected,the size of separated phase has been successfully mediated from 15 nm to 9 nm by tuning the molecular weight of the chain transfer agent.It is found that the mechanical strength and the self-healing efficiency of the resultant polymers increase simultaneously with the decrease of phase size.The study on the formation kinetics of hydrogen bonds reveals that the decrease of phase size can facilitate the re-bonding rate of hydrogen bonds,even if the migration of polymer chains is restricted.展开更多
Embryo implantation is a complicated physiological process tightly regulated by multiple biological molecules including growth factors.Transforming growth factor-betas(TGF-βs)and their most specific signal transducti...Embryo implantation is a complicated physiological process tightly regulated by multiple biological molecules including growth factors.Transforming growth factor-betas(TGF-βs)and their most specific signal transduction factors,Smads,are expressed in the endometrium during the window of implantation.Recent researches indicated that Smad dependent TGF-β signaling may play an important role in the process of embryo implantation.In this study,we measured the expression of TGF-β1,TGF-β receptor type I(TpRI),Smad3 and p-Smad3 in the endometrium of mice and observed their elevation on day 4,5 and 6 of pseudopregnancy.Then we administrated a specific Smad3 inhibitor(Sis3)into the uterine cavity of mice on day 3 of pregnancy.The results showed a reduction in insulin-like growth factor-1(IGFBP-1)expression and the decreased number of implanted embryo after the administration.In addition,Sis3 was found to reduce the IGFBP-1 secretion in decidualized endometrial stromal cells.Taken all together,our findings demonstrated that TGF-β/Smad3 signaling is involved in the process of embryo implantation.展开更多
To the Editor:Osteoarthritis(OA)is defined as a kind of chronic degenerative joint disorder,and it is generally accepted that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of OA.Recently,increasing eviden...To the Editor:Osteoarthritis(OA)is defined as a kind of chronic degenerative joint disorder,and it is generally accepted that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of OA.Recently,increasing evidence suggested that the oxidative stress plays a critical role during OA development,and high levels of reaction oxygen species(ROS)could lead to greater lipid peroxidation,mtDNA damage,and signaling pathways'activation.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022MB122)"Qingchuang science and technology plan"project of colleges and Universities in Shandong Province(No.2020KJC005).
文摘Regulation of phase structure has been recognized as one of the most effective ways to fabricate self-healing polymers with high mechanical strength.The mechanical properties of the resultant polymers are certainly affected by the size of separated phase domain.However,the study on this aspect is absence,because it can hardly exclude the influence of variation in monomer proportion required for tuning the separated phase size.Here,we report the first study on tuning the phase size through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)polymerization without changing the proportion of monomers.As expected,the size of separated phase has been successfully mediated from 15 nm to 9 nm by tuning the molecular weight of the chain transfer agent.It is found that the mechanical strength and the self-healing efficiency of the resultant polymers increase simultaneously with the decrease of phase size.The study on the formation kinetics of hydrogen bonds reveals that the decrease of phase size can facilitate the re-bonding rate of hydrogen bonds,even if the migration of polymer chains is restricted.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81701450).
文摘Embryo implantation is a complicated physiological process tightly regulated by multiple biological molecules including growth factors.Transforming growth factor-betas(TGF-βs)and their most specific signal transduction factors,Smads,are expressed in the endometrium during the window of implantation.Recent researches indicated that Smad dependent TGF-β signaling may play an important role in the process of embryo implantation.In this study,we measured the expression of TGF-β1,TGF-β receptor type I(TpRI),Smad3 and p-Smad3 in the endometrium of mice and observed their elevation on day 4,5 and 6 of pseudopregnancy.Then we administrated a specific Smad3 inhibitor(Sis3)into the uterine cavity of mice on day 3 of pregnancy.The results showed a reduction in insulin-like growth factor-1(IGFBP-1)expression and the decreased number of implanted embryo after the administration.In addition,Sis3 was found to reduce the IGFBP-1 secretion in decidualized endometrial stromal cells.Taken all together,our findings demonstrated that TGF-β/Smad3 signaling is involved in the process of embryo implantation.
基金funded by the Youth Culture Program of First Affiliated Hosp让al,Anhui Medical University,China(No.2017kj06).
文摘To the Editor:Osteoarthritis(OA)is defined as a kind of chronic degenerative joint disorder,and it is generally accepted that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of OA.Recently,increasing evidence suggested that the oxidative stress plays a critical role during OA development,and high levels of reaction oxygen species(ROS)could lead to greater lipid peroxidation,mtDNA damage,and signaling pathways'activation.
