Psychiatric disorders have emerged as significant contributors to the global burden of disease in recent decades.The endocannabinoid system(ECS)influences a range of physiological and pathophysiological processes,incl...Psychiatric disorders have emerged as significant contributors to the global burden of disease in recent decades.The endocannabinoid system(ECS)influences a range of physiological and pathophysiological processes,including nociception,cognition,appetite,memory,and behavior,serving as a crucial mediator in psychiatric disorders.Imaging the ECS provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders and enhances clinical management strategies.As an advanced noninvasive molecular imaging modality,positron emission tomography(PET)enables the in vivo exploration of biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels.Recent advancements have led to the development of numerous PET tracers that target various components of the ECS,offering opportunities to visualize,characterize,and quantify ECS activity in psychiatric disorders in vivo.In this review,we summarize the existing PET tracers for ECS imaging and discuss their applications in diverse psychiatric conditions,including cannabis use disorder,alcohol use disorder,post-traumatic stress disorder,schizophrenia,and eating disorders.展开更多
Cornus wilsoniana W.is a woody oil plant with high oil content and strong hypolipidemic effects,making it a valuable species for medicinal,landscaping,and ecological purposes in China.To advance genetic research on th...Cornus wilsoniana W.is a woody oil plant with high oil content and strong hypolipidemic effects,making it a valuable species for medicinal,landscaping,and ecological purposes in China.To advance genetic research on this species,we employed PacBio together with Hi-C data to create a draft genome assembly for C.wilsoniana.Based on an 11-chromosome anchored chromosome-level assembly,the estimated genome size was determined to be 843.51 Mb.The N50 contig size and N50 scaffold size were calculated to be 4.49 and 78.00 Mb,respectively.Furthermore,30474 protein-coding genes were annotated.Comparative genomics analysis revealed that C.wilsoniana diverged from its closest species∼12.46 million years ago(Mya).Furthermore,the divergence between Cornaceae and Nyssaceae occurred>62.22 Mya.We also found evidence of whole-genome duplication events and whole-genome triplicationγ,occurring at∼44.90 and 115.86 Mya.We further inferred the origins of chromosomes,which sheds light on the complex evolutionary history of the karyotype of C.wilsoniana.Through transcriptional and metabolic analysis,we identified two FAD2 homologous genes that may play a crucial role in controlling the oleic to linoleic acid ratio.We further investigated the correlation between metabolites and genes and identified 33 MADS-TF homologous genes that may affect f lower morphology in C.wilsoniana.Overall,this study lays the groundwork for future research aimed at identifying the genetic basis of crucial traits in C.wilsoniana.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a complex pathogenesis.Aggregations formed by abnormal deposition of alpha-synuclein(αSyn)lead to synapse dysfunction of the dopamine ...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a complex pathogenesis.Aggregations formed by abnormal deposition of alpha-synuclein(αSyn)lead to synapse dysfunction of the dopamine and non-dopamine systems.The loss of dopaminergic neurons and concomitant alterations in non-dopaminergic function in PD constitute its primary pathological manifestation.Positron emission tomography(PET),as a representative molecular imaging technique,enables the non-invasive visualization,characterization,and quantification of biological processes at cellular and molecular levels.Imaging synaptic function with PET would provide insights into the mechanisms underlying PD and facilitate the optimization of clinical management.In this review,we focus on the synaptic dysfunction associated with theαSyn pathology of PD,summarize various related targets and radiopharmaceuticals,and discuss applications and perspectives of PET imaging of synaptic dysfunction in PD.展开更多
Structural damages during an earthquake are typically controlled by seismic demands,which are represented by the combination of amplitude of ground motion and cyclic load effects.Since traditional methods normally ass...Structural damages during an earthquake are typically controlled by seismic demands,which are represented by the combination of amplitude of ground motion and cyclic load effects.Since traditional methods normally assume the lognormal distributions of seismic demands and resistance parameters,uncertainties are inevitably induced in the seismic fragility analysis.In this paper,the Copula function and adaptive bandwidth kernel density estimation method(ABKDE)are used to establish a novel multidimensional seismic fragility analysis framework.Based on the results of incremental dynamic analysis for subway station structures,ABKDE is adopted to establish single-parameter seismic fragility curves for both the maximum inter-story drift ratio(MIDR)and cumulated dissipated hysteretic energy(CDHE),respectively.Subsequently,the Copula function is used to formulate a bivariate seismic fragility function considering the correlations among seismic demand measures and establish the corresponding fragility curves.Finally,comparative analyses are conducted to evaluate seismic fragility curves using Copula-based dual and single-parameter damage models as well as the traditional damage models.It is found that the seismic fragility analysis method using the Copula function has the ability to gain a comprehensive consideration of the MIDR and CDHE during the damage process of subway station structures.Moreover,this newly developed seismic fragility analysis framework can capture the influence of the correlation between deformation and energy under various peak ground accelerations on structural damage.Thus,this framework can provide a scientific basis for predicting structural damage in subway stations subjected to varying intensities of ground motion while considering multiple damage indicators.展开更多
A reasonable seismic capacity model is crucial for establishing the seismic performance level system and evaluating the seismic reliability of subway station structures.However,the deterministic structural and geotech...A reasonable seismic capacity model is crucial for establishing the seismic performance level system and evaluating the seismic reliability of subway station structures.However,the deterministic structural and geotechnical mechanical parameters are usually applied to calibrate the seismic performance levels of subway station structures in the traditional seismic capacity analysis,which ignores the stochasticity of the soil-subway station interaction system.To overcome the challenge caused by the stochastic interaction system,the probability space partition method and stochastic pushover analysis method are combined to develop a calibration strategy of seismic performance levels considering the complete probabilistic information of the stochastic interaction system,and the non-parametric probabilistic seismic capacity models of the subway station structure are further established based on the principle of probability conservation in this paper.A subway station is also taken as the prototype to investigate the applicability of the proposed strategy and the influence of system randomness on the seismic capacity of the subway station structure.The results demonstrate that the seismic performance levels calibrated according to the proposed strategy can effectively consider the complete probabilistic information of the interaction system,which are more rigorous than the existing performance levels.Meanwhile,the probability density evolution of the bearing capacity of the subway station structure is essentially a non-stationary stochastic process,and the non-parametric probability density curves of seismic capacity display noticeable multi-peak characteristic.Moreover,the seismic capacity for L_(P1)and L_(P2)levels is more sensitive to the variability of geotechnical parameters above and below the structure,while the former for L_(P3)and L_(P4)levels is more sensitive to that on both sides of the structure.The relevant conclusions can provide some guidance for seismic design and improvement of the performance limits of underground structures in the related codes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0118000,2021YFA1101700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030049,32027802,82394433,82361148130,and 82302262)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LMS25H180002)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20251313)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(226-2024-00059).
文摘Psychiatric disorders have emerged as significant contributors to the global burden of disease in recent decades.The endocannabinoid system(ECS)influences a range of physiological and pathophysiological processes,including nociception,cognition,appetite,memory,and behavior,serving as a crucial mediator in psychiatric disorders.Imaging the ECS provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders and enhances clinical management strategies.As an advanced noninvasive molecular imaging modality,positron emission tomography(PET)enables the in vivo exploration of biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels.Recent advancements have led to the development of numerous PET tracers that target various components of the ECS,offering opportunities to visualize,characterize,and quantify ECS activity in psychiatric disorders in vivo.In this review,we summarize the existing PET tracers for ECS imaging and discuss their applications in diverse psychiatric conditions,including cannabis use disorder,alcohol use disorder,post-traumatic stress disorder,schizophrenia,and eating disorders.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31770767,32070656,32070677 and 32270709)Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource(GZKF202201)+1 种基金Hunan Province Key Research and Development Program Project(2018NK2044)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production and Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production cosponsored by province and ministry.
文摘Cornus wilsoniana W.is a woody oil plant with high oil content and strong hypolipidemic effects,making it a valuable species for medicinal,landscaping,and ecological purposes in China.To advance genetic research on this species,we employed PacBio together with Hi-C data to create a draft genome assembly for C.wilsoniana.Based on an 11-chromosome anchored chromosome-level assembly,the estimated genome size was determined to be 843.51 Mb.The N50 contig size and N50 scaffold size were calculated to be 4.49 and 78.00 Mb,respectively.Furthermore,30474 protein-coding genes were annotated.Comparative genomics analysis revealed that C.wilsoniana diverged from its closest species∼12.46 million years ago(Mya).Furthermore,the divergence between Cornaceae and Nyssaceae occurred>62.22 Mya.We also found evidence of whole-genome duplication events and whole-genome triplicationγ,occurring at∼44.90 and 115.86 Mya.We further inferred the origins of chromosomes,which sheds light on the complex evolutionary history of the karyotype of C.wilsoniana.Through transcriptional and metabolic analysis,we identified two FAD2 homologous genes that may play a crucial role in controlling the oleic to linoleic acid ratio.We further investigated the correlation between metabolites and genes and identified 33 MADS-TF homologous genes that may affect f lower morphology in C.wilsoniana.Overall,this study lays the groundwork for future research aimed at identifying the genetic basis of crucial traits in C.wilsoniana.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2009900,2021YFE0108300,2022YFE0118000,and 2021YFA1101700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030049)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a complex pathogenesis.Aggregations formed by abnormal deposition of alpha-synuclein(αSyn)lead to synapse dysfunction of the dopamine and non-dopamine systems.The loss of dopaminergic neurons and concomitant alterations in non-dopaminergic function in PD constitute its primary pathological manifestation.Positron emission tomography(PET),as a representative molecular imaging technique,enables the non-invasive visualization,characterization,and quantification of biological processes at cellular and molecular levels.Imaging synaptic function with PET would provide insights into the mechanisms underlying PD and facilitate the optimization of clinical management.In this review,we focus on the synaptic dysfunction associated with theαSyn pathology of PD,summarize various related targets and radiopharmaceuticals,and discuss applications and perspectives of PET imaging of synaptic dysfunction in PD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52178315,and 51578100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.3132023504)+1 种基金the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund(Grant No.2022JJ12GX031)the Project of Shenyang Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation and Disaster Prevention of Engineering Structures(Grant No.S230184).
文摘Structural damages during an earthquake are typically controlled by seismic demands,which are represented by the combination of amplitude of ground motion and cyclic load effects.Since traditional methods normally assume the lognormal distributions of seismic demands and resistance parameters,uncertainties are inevitably induced in the seismic fragility analysis.In this paper,the Copula function and adaptive bandwidth kernel density estimation method(ABKDE)are used to establish a novel multidimensional seismic fragility analysis framework.Based on the results of incremental dynamic analysis for subway station structures,ABKDE is adopted to establish single-parameter seismic fragility curves for both the maximum inter-story drift ratio(MIDR)and cumulated dissipated hysteretic energy(CDHE),respectively.Subsequently,the Copula function is used to formulate a bivariate seismic fragility function considering the correlations among seismic demand measures and establish the corresponding fragility curves.Finally,comparative analyses are conducted to evaluate seismic fragility curves using Copula-based dual and single-parameter damage models as well as the traditional damage models.It is found that the seismic fragility analysis method using the Copula function has the ability to gain a comprehensive consideration of the MIDR and CDHE during the damage process of subway station structures.Moreover,this newly developed seismic fragility analysis framework can capture the influence of the correlation between deformation and energy under various peak ground accelerations on structural damage.Thus,this framework can provide a scientific basis for predicting structural damage in subway stations subjected to varying intensities of ground motion while considering multiple damage indicators.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52178315 and 51578100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.3132023504)+1 种基金the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund(Grant No.2022JJ12GX031)the Project of Shenyang Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation and Disaster Prevention of Engineering Structures(Grant No.S230184).
文摘A reasonable seismic capacity model is crucial for establishing the seismic performance level system and evaluating the seismic reliability of subway station structures.However,the deterministic structural and geotechnical mechanical parameters are usually applied to calibrate the seismic performance levels of subway station structures in the traditional seismic capacity analysis,which ignores the stochasticity of the soil-subway station interaction system.To overcome the challenge caused by the stochastic interaction system,the probability space partition method and stochastic pushover analysis method are combined to develop a calibration strategy of seismic performance levels considering the complete probabilistic information of the stochastic interaction system,and the non-parametric probabilistic seismic capacity models of the subway station structure are further established based on the principle of probability conservation in this paper.A subway station is also taken as the prototype to investigate the applicability of the proposed strategy and the influence of system randomness on the seismic capacity of the subway station structure.The results demonstrate that the seismic performance levels calibrated according to the proposed strategy can effectively consider the complete probabilistic information of the interaction system,which are more rigorous than the existing performance levels.Meanwhile,the probability density evolution of the bearing capacity of the subway station structure is essentially a non-stationary stochastic process,and the non-parametric probability density curves of seismic capacity display noticeable multi-peak characteristic.Moreover,the seismic capacity for L_(P1)and L_(P2)levels is more sensitive to the variability of geotechnical parameters above and below the structure,while the former for L_(P3)and L_(P4)levels is more sensitive to that on both sides of the structure.The relevant conclusions can provide some guidance for seismic design and improvement of the performance limits of underground structures in the related codes.
