Co-exposure to heavy metal and antibiotic pollution might result in complexation and synergistic interactions,affecting rice growth and further exacerbating pollutant enrichment.Therefore,our study sought to clarify t...Co-exposure to heavy metal and antibiotic pollution might result in complexation and synergistic interactions,affecting rice growth and further exacerbating pollutant enrichment.Therefore,our study sought to clarify the influence of different Tetracycline (TC) and Cadmium(Cd) concentration ratios (both alone and combined) on rice growth,pollutant accumulation,and transportation during the tillering stage in hydroponic system.Surprisingly,our findings indicated that the interaction between TC and Cd could alleviate the toxic effects of TC/Cd on aerial rice structures and decrease pollutant burdens during root elongation.In contrast,TC and Cd synergistically promoted the accumulation of TC/Cd in rice roots.However,their interaction increased the accumulation of TC in roots while decreasing the accumulation of Cd when the toxicant doses increased.The strong affinity of rice to Cd promoted its upward transport from the roots,whereas the toxic effects of TC reduced TC transport.Therefore,the combined toxicity of the two pollutants inhibited their upward transport.Additionally,a low concentration of TC promoted the accumulation of Cd in rice mainly in the root tip.Furthermore,a certain dose of TC promoted the upward migration of Cd from the root tip.Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry demonstrated that Cd mainly accumulated in the epidermis and stele of the root,whereas Fe mainly accumulated in the epidermis,which inhibited the absorption and accumulation of Cd by the rice roots through the generation of a Fe plaque.Our findings thus provide insights into the effects of TC and Cd co-exposure on rice growth.展开更多
Glycine max L.accumulates a large amount of isoflavonoid compounds,which is beneficial for plant defense,plant-microbe symbiotic interactions,and human health.Several CYP450 subfamily genes are involved in the flavono...Glycine max L.accumulates a large amount of isoflavonoid compounds,which is beneficial for plant defense,plant-microbe symbiotic interactions,and human health.Several CYP450 subfamily genes are involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in plants.In the present study,we found 24 CYP82 subfamily genes were differentially expressed in various tissues of soybean,in Phytophthora sojae-infected soybean varieties and in soybean hairy roots treated with cell wall glucan elicitor.Six of them(GmCYP82A2,GmCYP82A3,GmCYP82A4,GmCYP82A23,GmCYP82C20 and GmCYP82D26)were co-expressed with other known isoflavonoid pathway genes in soybean.Their enzymatic activity in yeast feeding assays showed that only GmCYP82D26 was able to convert naringenin to daidzein with both aryl migration and dehydration function.When GmCYP82D26 was over-expressed in soybean hairy roots,the contents of the two major isoflavonoid aglycones in soybean(daidzein and genistein)were reduced,but total flavonoids were not affected.When GmCYP82D26 was suppressed by RNAi in the hairy roots,daidzein content was decreased but genistein content was increased,with unchanged total flavonoid content.GmCYP82D26 was found to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum at subcellular level when transiently expressed in tobacco leaf epidermis.GmCYP82D26 gene was preferentially expressed in roots,with low expression level in other tissues in soybean.Homology modeling and molecular docking showed that GmCYP82D26 could form hydrogen bond with both HEM and naringenin at C5-OH and C4 carbonyl.All these results indicated that GmCYP82D26 possesses new and dual enzymatic activity,which bridges the two branches(daidzein and genistein branch)of isoflavonoid pathway in soybean.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41773107)the Fundamental and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China (No.2020A1515011560)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou,Guangdong Province,China(No.202002030297)。
文摘Co-exposure to heavy metal and antibiotic pollution might result in complexation and synergistic interactions,affecting rice growth and further exacerbating pollutant enrichment.Therefore,our study sought to clarify the influence of different Tetracycline (TC) and Cadmium(Cd) concentration ratios (both alone and combined) on rice growth,pollutant accumulation,and transportation during the tillering stage in hydroponic system.Surprisingly,our findings indicated that the interaction between TC and Cd could alleviate the toxic effects of TC/Cd on aerial rice structures and decrease pollutant burdens during root elongation.In contrast,TC and Cd synergistically promoted the accumulation of TC/Cd in rice roots.However,their interaction increased the accumulation of TC in roots while decreasing the accumulation of Cd when the toxicant doses increased.The strong affinity of rice to Cd promoted its upward transport from the roots,whereas the toxic effects of TC reduced TC transport.Therefore,the combined toxicity of the two pollutants inhibited their upward transport.Additionally,a low concentration of TC promoted the accumulation of Cd in rice mainly in the root tip.Furthermore,a certain dose of TC promoted the upward migration of Cd from the root tip.Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry demonstrated that Cd mainly accumulated in the epidermis and stele of the root,whereas Fe mainly accumulated in the epidermis,which inhibited the absorption and accumulation of Cd by the rice roots through the generation of a Fe plaque.Our findings thus provide insights into the effects of TC and Cd co-exposure on rice growth.
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP-IAS10).
文摘Glycine max L.accumulates a large amount of isoflavonoid compounds,which is beneficial for plant defense,plant-microbe symbiotic interactions,and human health.Several CYP450 subfamily genes are involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in plants.In the present study,we found 24 CYP82 subfamily genes were differentially expressed in various tissues of soybean,in Phytophthora sojae-infected soybean varieties and in soybean hairy roots treated with cell wall glucan elicitor.Six of them(GmCYP82A2,GmCYP82A3,GmCYP82A4,GmCYP82A23,GmCYP82C20 and GmCYP82D26)were co-expressed with other known isoflavonoid pathway genes in soybean.Their enzymatic activity in yeast feeding assays showed that only GmCYP82D26 was able to convert naringenin to daidzein with both aryl migration and dehydration function.When GmCYP82D26 was over-expressed in soybean hairy roots,the contents of the two major isoflavonoid aglycones in soybean(daidzein and genistein)were reduced,but total flavonoids were not affected.When GmCYP82D26 was suppressed by RNAi in the hairy roots,daidzein content was decreased but genistein content was increased,with unchanged total flavonoid content.GmCYP82D26 was found to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum at subcellular level when transiently expressed in tobacco leaf epidermis.GmCYP82D26 gene was preferentially expressed in roots,with low expression level in other tissues in soybean.Homology modeling and molecular docking showed that GmCYP82D26 could form hydrogen bond with both HEM and naringenin at C5-OH and C4 carbonyl.All these results indicated that GmCYP82D26 possesses new and dual enzymatic activity,which bridges the two branches(daidzein and genistein branch)of isoflavonoid pathway in soybean.
