Strawberry(Fragaria spp.)is a member of the Rosoideae subfamily in the family Rosaceae.The self-incompatibility(SI)of some diploid species is a key agronomic trait that acts as a basic pollination barrier;however,the ...Strawberry(Fragaria spp.)is a member of the Rosoideae subfamily in the family Rosaceae.The self-incompatibility(SI)of some diploid species is a key agronomic trait that acts as a basic pollination barrier;however,the genetic mechanism underlying SI control in strawberry remains unclear.Two candidate S-RNases(S a-and S^-RNase)identi fi ed in the transcriptome of the styles of the self-incompatible Fragaria viridis 42 were con fi rmed to be SI determinants at the S locus following genotype identi fi cation and intraspeci fi c hybridization using sel fi ng progenies.Whole-genome collinearity and RNase T2 family analysis revealed that only an S locus exists in Fragaria;however,none of the compatible species contained S-RNase.Although the results of interspeci fi c hybridization experiments showed that F.viridis(SI)styles could accept pollen from F.mandshurica(self-compatible),the reciprocal cross was incompatible.S a and S b-RNase contain large introns,and their noncoding sequences(promotors and introns)can be transcribed into long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs).Overall,the genus Fragaria exhibits S-RNase-based gametophytic SI,and S-RNase loss occurs at the S locus of compatible germplasms.In addition,a type of SI-independent unilateral incompatibility exists between compatible and incompatible Fragaria species.Furthermore,the large introns and neighboring lncRNAs in S-RNase in Fragaria could offer clues about S-RNase expression strategies.展开更多
In this study,a high-sensitivity,high-spatial-resolution distributed strain-sensing approach based on a poly(methyl methacrylate)chirped fiber Bragg grating(CFBG)is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.Linearly ch...In this study,a high-sensitivity,high-spatial-resolution distributed strain-sensing approach based on a poly(methyl methacrylate)chirped fiber Bragg grating(CFBG)is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.Linearly chirped FBGs in a polymer optical fiber provide an alternative to the silica fiber owing to the lower Young’s modulus,which can yield a higher stress sensitivity under the same external force.According to the spatial wavelength-encoded characteristic of the CFBG,a fully distributed strain measurement can be achieved by optical frequency-domain reflectometry.Through time-/space-resolved short-time Fourier transform,the applied force can be located by the beat frequency originated from the space-induced time delay and measured by the differential frequency offset originated from the strain-induced dispersion time delay.In a proof-of-concept experiment,a high spatial resolution of 1 mm over a gauge length of 40 mm and a strain resolution of 0.491 Hz/μεwere achieved.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chi na(Gr ant no.32072540,31872056)the Fun dame ntal Research Fun ds for the Central Universities(Grant no.KYZZ2021002)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Strawberry(Fragaria spp.)is a member of the Rosoideae subfamily in the family Rosaceae.The self-incompatibility(SI)of some diploid species is a key agronomic trait that acts as a basic pollination barrier;however,the genetic mechanism underlying SI control in strawberry remains unclear.Two candidate S-RNases(S a-and S^-RNase)identi fi ed in the transcriptome of the styles of the self-incompatible Fragaria viridis 42 were con fi rmed to be SI determinants at the S locus following genotype identi fi cation and intraspeci fi c hybridization using sel fi ng progenies.Whole-genome collinearity and RNase T2 family analysis revealed that only an S locus exists in Fragaria;however,none of the compatible species contained S-RNase.Although the results of interspeci fi c hybridization experiments showed that F.viridis(SI)styles could accept pollen from F.mandshurica(self-compatible),the reciprocal cross was incompatible.S a and S b-RNase contain large introns,and their noncoding sequences(promotors and introns)can be transcribed into long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs).Overall,the genus Fragaria exhibits S-RNase-based gametophytic SI,and S-RNase loss occurs at the S locus of compatible germplasms.In addition,a type of SI-independent unilateral incompatibility exists between compatible and incompatible Fragaria species.Furthermore,the large introns and neighboring lncRNAs in S-RNase in Fragaria could offer clues about S-RNase expression strategies.
基金The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(1-ZVGB)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61205075)。
文摘In this study,a high-sensitivity,high-spatial-resolution distributed strain-sensing approach based on a poly(methyl methacrylate)chirped fiber Bragg grating(CFBG)is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.Linearly chirped FBGs in a polymer optical fiber provide an alternative to the silica fiber owing to the lower Young’s modulus,which can yield a higher stress sensitivity under the same external force.According to the spatial wavelength-encoded characteristic of the CFBG,a fully distributed strain measurement can be achieved by optical frequency-domain reflectometry.Through time-/space-resolved short-time Fourier transform,the applied force can be located by the beat frequency originated from the space-induced time delay and measured by the differential frequency offset originated from the strain-induced dispersion time delay.In a proof-of-concept experiment,a high spatial resolution of 1 mm over a gauge length of 40 mm and a strain resolution of 0.491 Hz/μεwere achieved.
